Question 1

Detail the reasoning of the court regarding the search of a container found in a vehicle in the case of California v. Acevedo, 1991.

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Question 2

Name at least three different scenarios that the courts have ruled that it is within the authority of the police to impound a vehicle.

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Question 3

While the Carroll doctrine allows for a search of the vehicle, the doctrine does not generally permit a search of the __________ and/or the __________ of the vehicle occupant.

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Question 4

Officers may seize contraband or other items subject to seizure that they observe open to view under the __________ doctrine.

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Question 5

Explain the rationale and the scope of searches allowed under the Carroll doctrine regarding automobile exceptions to search warrants.

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Question 6

As detailed in United States v. Ross, 1982, explain the differences between the search of an entire vehicle versus a particular area of a vehicle.

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Question 7

For the automobile exception to be met regarding a search, two criteria must be met. First, the officer must believe that the automobile must contain illegal contraband, and secondly, the vehicle must be readily__________ such that it can be moved to __________.

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Question 8

If an officer has probable cause to search only a particular container placed in a vehicle or a particular area of the vehicle, the officer may search that container or area without a warrant, but may not search the __________.

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Question 9

Define what the courts meant in South Dakota v. Opperman by a "standard procedures" requirement for inventory searches.

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Question 10

Not all drivers and passengers have an expectation of privacy in terms of the items contained in a vehicle. Under the Fourth Amendment these vehicle occupants would be said to lack __________ to challenge a particular vehicle search by police.

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Question 11

Explain the evolution of the "exigent circumstance" requirement of the Carroll doctrine. Why was the requirement abandoned?

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Question 12

If possible, warrantless searches under the __________ doctrine should be conducted immediately at the scene where the vehicle is stopped.

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Question 13

A valid inventory search requires neither __________ nor a(n) __________.

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Question 14

Define probable cause and how it relates to the exception regarding automobile searches.

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Question 15

Using the Carroll doctrine, as interpreted by the courts, explain any delays in searching that might be acceptable.

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Question 16

Assuming that a vehicle has been legally impounded, under what circumstances, if any, may the vehicle be searched for incriminating evidence without a warrant?

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Question 17

Unless __________ circumstances exist, an inventory search of a vehicle must be conducted at the time of impoundment, not before impoundment.

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Question 18

The controlling consideration in the warrantless search of a vehicle is __________ to believe that the vehicle contains items that are connected with criminal activity and thus are subject to seizure.

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Question 19

What factors are necessary to justify an inventory search and what probable cause must be present for authorities to search the vehicle?

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Question 20

A(n) __________ process of an automobile is not considered a search for Fourth Amendment purposes because its object is not to find incriminating evidence as part of a criminal investigation.

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Quiz 11: Search and Seizure of Vehicles and Containers