Question 1

What is the ultimate control of the development of the landscape in the following picture?

Accepted Answer

The presence of buildings and the cleared land indicate human activity as the primary control on the development of the landscape shown in the picture. While climate, time, and relief may play a secondary role in shaping the landscape, they are not the ultimate control in this particular situation.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an example of a landform?

Accepted Answer

Water is not a landform; it is a natural resource or body of water. Landforms are physical features on the Earth's surface, such as mesas, valleys, and dunes.

Question 3

Why do some life activities strengthen the substrate while others weaken it?

Accepted Answer

Plant roots help anchor soil, which strengthens it, while burrowing into or mining out soil weakens it.

Question 4

Landforms built by an accumulation of sediment are called ________ landforms.

Accepted Answer

Depositional landforms are formed by an accumulation of sediment, often through the action of wind, water, or ice. Examples of depositional landforms include sand dunes, river deltas, and moraines. Erosional landforms, on the other hand, are created by the removal of materials by forces such as wind, water, or ice. Mechanical landforms refer to features that are not necessarily created by the action of water, wind, or ice, but rather through physical processes such as tectonic uplift or volcanic activity. Glacial landforms are formed by the movement and erosion of glaciers.

Question 5

What would an area experiencing erosion look like compared to one experiencing deposition?

Accepted Answer

Areas experiencing erosion typically have deep valleys or canyons due to the removal of soil and rock, while areas experiencing deposition have large flat, open areas where sediment has been deposited.

Question 6

If two valleys are carved out of the exact same type of rock and under the exact same climatic conditions,what would we expect an older valley to look like compared to a younger valley?

Accepted Answer

Over time, erosion causes valleys to widen and the sides to become less steep. Therefore, the older valley would have had more time for erosion to take place, resulting in gentler sides compared to a younger valley.

Question 7

What process created the terrace that forms the cliff in the picture below?

Accepted Answer

The terrace that forms the cliff in the picture is likely a result of uplift, which is the process of the Earth's crust moving upward. Over time, this uplift can lead to the formation of cliffs and terraces as the landscape is altered.

Question 8

What type of landforms might you expect to find if the climate in an area is very warm and wet?

Accepted Answer

Warm and wet climates typically have high erosion rates, which leads to the formation of valleys. Glacial hills are formed in cold climates where there is a lot of ice and snow. Mesas are typically found in arid environments with little rainfall. Sand dunes are formed by wind action and are commonly found in coastal or desert environments.

Question 9

The Sierra Nevada Mountains in California are composed almost entirely of granite;what do you expect the landscape to look like?

Accepted Answer

The composition of granite typically results in steep peaks and cliffs, so it is expected that the landscape of the Sierra Nevada Mountains would have those features.

Question 10

What circumstance is likely to produce depositional landforms?

Accepted Answer

When a river enters a large body of water, such as a sea or ocean, the decrease in flow velocity can lead to the deposition of sediments carried by the river. This process can create depositional landforms such as deltas.

Question 11

How does climate affect landscape development?

Accepted Answer

Climate, particularly precipitation and temperature, influences the rate of erosion, which shapes and develops the landscape. The amount and intensity of rainfall, the frequency and severity of storms, and the duration of frost and thaw cycles can all affect the speed and direction of erosion. As a result, different climates and weather patterns create distinct landforms and geological features.

Question 12

Which of the following mountain ranges is likely composed of soft material?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following mountain ranges is...

Question 13

If erosion is occurring in an area of weak rock,what would you expect the landscape to look like?

Accepted Answer

Erosion tends to wear down the landscape, creating smoother, more rounded forms such as gentle hills, especially in areas of weak rock where the material is more easily removed.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the hydrologic cycle?

Accepted Answer

The hydrologic cycle is the movement of Earth's water through a series of reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers, plants, and animals. It involves the evaporation of water from the Earth's surface, condensation of that water into clouds, precipitation of that water back to Earth, and the drainage of that water back into the oceans or other bodies of water.

Question 15

If an area experiences uplift it will form a ________;if it experiences subsidence it will form a ________.

Accepted Answer

If an area experiences uplift, it will form a mountain; if it experiences subsidence, it will form a depression. Therefore, the only choice that correctly identifies these formations is B, where uplift leads to the formation of a mountain and subsidence leads to the formation of a depression.

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT affect landscape development?

Accepted Answer

Distance from mountains does not directly affect landscape development in the same way that climate, time, and erosion do. Climate influences weathering processes and vegetation cover, time allows for the processes to act and shape the landscape, and erosion directly alters the landscape by removing and depositing materials. Distance from mountains might influence specific local climates or patterns of erosion indirectly, but it is not a direct factor in landscape development.

Question 17

How does water get from the atmosphere into the groundwater system?

Accepted Answer

Precipitation falls on the ground and is able to infiltrate the ground surface where it becomes groundwater. This can occur through a variety of pathways such as through porous rock layers or along fractures in bedrock. The water then moves through the groundwater system, eventually finding its way back to the surface through springs or being pumped from wells.

Question 18

If the area contains several small hills each with base elevation of 2,105 ft and summit elevations of 2,345 ft,2,456 ft,and 2,565 ft,what is the maximum relief in the area?

Accepted Answer

To find the maximum relief, we need to find the difference between the highest summit elevation and the lowest base elevation.
The lowest base elevation is given as 2,105 ft.
The highest summit elevation is 2,565 ft.
Therefore, the maximum relief is:
2,565 ft - 2,105 ft = 460 ft 
So, the correct choice is B, 460 ft.

Question 19

Which progression best describes how water goes from the ocean to a river?

Accepted Answer

Water evaporates from the ocean, forms clouds through precipitation, and falls on land. Some of this water infiltrates into the ground while the rest flows on the surface as runoff and eventually collects in rivers.

Question 20

The difference in elevation in an area is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The difference in elevation in an area is called relief. Erosion is the process of the removal and transportation of rock or soil materials. Deposition is the process of dropping or settling of sediments or soil materials. Landform refers to the natural features and shapes of the earth's surface.

Quiz 29: Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle