Question 1

The pharmacist is preparing a patient to be discharged home. Which items should the pharmacist instruct the patient to do to help control heart failure? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Reducing weight to an optimum level and stopping tobacco use can help manage heart failure. Increasing caffeine and salt intake can worsen heart failure symptoms.

Question 2

The pharmacist is caring for a patient with newly diagnosed heart failure. Which items should the pharmacist instruct the patient to do to help control heart failure? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

A) Foods rich in potassium and magnesium are beneficial for heart health. C) A medically supervised exercise plan can help strengthen the heart and improve overall cardiovascular health. D) Managing stress is important in controlling heart failure, as stress can exacerbate heart conditions.

Question 3

A patient has been prescribed carvedilol to treat heart failure. Which statements are true regarding carvedilol and treatment for heart failure? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

B, C

Question 4

The pharmacist is caring for a patient receiving ACE inhibitor therapy for heart failure. Which statements are true regarding ACE inhibitor treatment of heart failure? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure and reduce blood volume by promoting the excretion of sodium and water, which in turn decreases the workload of the heart and increases cardiac output by improving the efficiency of the heart's pumping action. They do not decrease cardiac output or increase the workload of the heart, which makes options B and C incorrect.

Question 5

Which medications are reserved for patients unable to tolerate the adverse effects of ACE inhibitors? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Valsartan and Candesartan are angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which are often used as alternatives for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors due to adverse effects like cough.

Question 6

Chronic hypertension and diabetes are two disorders commonly associated with heart failure development.

Accepted Answer

Chronic hypertension and diabetes are both significant risk factors for the development of heart failure, as they can lead to changes in the heart's structure and function over time.

Question 7

Left-sided heart failure is sometimes called congestive heart failure.

Accepted Answer

Left-sided heart failure can lead to congestive heart failure (CHF) when the heart's left ventricle doesn't pump efficiently, causing fluid to back up into the lungs and leading to symptoms of congestion.

Question 8

Medications are available that have the potential to cure heart failure in a large percentage of patients.

Accepted Answer

do not cure
Corr

Question 9

Increasing salt and alcohol consumption can help control heart failure without drugs.

Accepted Answer

decreasing salt and alcohol consumption

Question 10

Cardiac glycosides increase cardiac output by increasing the force of myocardial contraction.

Accepted Answer

Cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, increase cardiac output by increasing the force of myocardial contraction, a mechanism known as positive inotropy. This is achieved by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium levels in heart muscle cells, which enhances contractility.

Question 11

Vasodilators decrease cardiac workload by constricting vessels and increasing preload. An example is hydralazine.

Accepted Answer

dilating vessels and decreasing preload

Question 12

List 4 signs or symptoms of heart failure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List 4 signs or symptoms of heart...

Question 13

Keeping in mind the three characteristics of heart function, explain how the following classes of drugs work and give an example of each class: Adrenergic blockers; Vasodilators; ACE Inhibitors & ARBs; Phosphodiesterase inhibitors; Diuretics; Cardiac glycosides.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Keeping in mind the three characteristics of...

Quiz 17: Drugs for Heart Failure