Question 1

Behaviour therapists who practice family therapy

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapists who practice family therapy focus on various aspects of the family's dynamics, including the social environment of the family, identifying maladaptive behaviours of individual members, and understanding how family members reinforce and punish each other's behaviour.

Question 2

Based on the structural family approach, the healthiest family interactions stem from an effectively functioning

Accepted Answer

The structural family approach emphasizes the importance of a strong and effectively functioning marital subsystem as the foundation for healthy family interactions. This approach suggests that when the marital relationship is solid, it provides stability and structure for the entire family, facilitating better functioning in other family subsystems.

Question 3

The major aim of __________ psychology is to understand and treat psychological problems as they occur in their sociocultural contexts.

Accepted Answer

Community psychology focuses on understanding individuals within their social and cultural contexts and aims to address psychological problems by considering the community settings in which individuals live.

Question 4

Community mental health centres

Accepted Answer

Community mental health centres are designed to supplement care provided by mental hospitals by offering outpatient services, crisis intervention, and support for everyday living.

Question 5

A form of community treatment in which a multidisciplinary team provides broad support for those who are severely mentally ill is

Accepted Answer

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is a form of community treatment specifically designed for individuals with severe mental illnesses. It involves a multidisciplinary team approach that provides comprehensive, community-based psychiatric treatment, rehabilitation, and support to individuals. This model is distinguished by its intensive, individualized, and continuous services that help patients live independently and minimize hospitalization.

Question 6

Assertive community treatment programs involve

Accepted Answer

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) programs are characterized by a multidisciplinary team approach, including professionals like psychiatrists and social workers, to provide comprehensive care. They focus on helping individuals with severe mental illnesses manage daily living tasks and work towards maximizing their independence, thus encompassing all the elements listed.

Question 7

The process of returning previously hospitalized patients to their communities for treatment of psychological disorders is called

Accepted Answer

Deinstitutionalization refers to the process of reducing the population of mental health hospitals and transferring care to community-based settings, aiming to improve the quality of life for individuals with psychological disorders.

Question 8

Discovering and understanding the sociocultural variables that predict psychological disorders are the goals of

Accepted Answer

Preventive psychology focuses on identifying and understanding sociocultural factors that can predict and prevent psychological disorders.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention program?

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention programs are aimed at preventing a problem before it occurs, by addressing the broader health determinants or by protecting against risk factors. An educational program about AIDS fits this description as it seeks to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS through education and awareness, before the disease affects individuals.

Question 10

The prompt identification of a problem, along with immediate attempts to intervene before the problem worsens, is the objective of programs emphasizing

Accepted Answer

Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a problem or illness.

Question 11

The removal of conditions that are conducive to the development of psychological problems and the creation of conditions that promote sound psychological health are the main goal of programs emphasizing

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention aims at removing or reducing factors that lead to psychological problems and creating environments that foster good mental health, preventing issues before they start.

Question 12

Which of the following represent potential problems for assessing the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Each of the options listed (measurement issues, ethical dilemmas, self-selection, and finding an appropriate control group) represents a significant challenge in assessing the effectiveness of psychotherapy. These factors can complicate the design, execution, and interpretation of research in this field.

Question 13

Eysenck's early study of the effectiveness of psychotherapy showed that

Accepted Answer

Eysenck's early study controversially concluded that psychotherapy (in general) was not especially effective, suggesting that the rates of improvement among those receiving therapy were similar to those of individuals who received no treatment at all.

Question 14

Meta-analyses therapy effectiveness studies suggest that

Accepted Answer

Meta-analyses of therapy effectiveness studies generally find that all therapeutic approaches mentioned (psychodynamic, client-oriented, gestalt, and behavior modification) tend to be more effective than no therapy at all. This is consistent with the common factors theory, which suggests that different therapeutic approaches often share core elements that contribute to their effectiveness.

Question 15

The general results obtain in the Consumer Reports survey of 7,000 readers regarding their experiences with various forms of treatment for psychological disorders showed that

Accepted Answer

The Consumer Reports survey indicated that all forms of psychotherapy were generally effective in helping people recover from psychological disorders.

Question 16

One of the most important differences between an ineffective therapist and an effective therapist is the therapist's ability to

Accepted Answer

Establishing a warm, understanding, and empathetic relationship with the client is crucial for effective therapy. This therapeutic alliance is a strong predictor of positive outcomes in therapy, more so than specific therapeutic techniques or guarantees of confidentiality.

Question 17

Schizophrenia is treated with which of the following class of drugs?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs are primarily used to treat schizophrenia, as they help manage symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders associated with the condition.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a class of drugs that is used to treat psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Antidissociative drugs are not a recognized class of drugs used to treat psychological disorders. The other options (antipsychotic, antidepressant, antianxiety, and antimanic drugs) are all established classes of medication used in psychiatry.

Question 19

The form of therapy that focuses on abnormal neural and physiological functioning is

Accepted Answer

Biomedical therapies focus on treating psychological disorders by influencing the brain's chemistry and physiology. This includes a range of approaches such as drug treatments, electroconvulsive therapy, and psychosurgery, making it the broad category that encompasses the specific methods listed in the other options.

Question 20

Older antipsychotic drugs are effective in reducing the severity of the __________ experienced by people having schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

Older antipsychotic drugs, also known as typical antipsychotics, are primarily effective in reducing the severity of positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as delusions and hallucinations, rather than negative symptoms or motor symptoms.

Quiz 18: The Treatment of Psychological Disorders