Question 1

Axis II of the DSM-IV is devoted exclusively to __________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Axis II of the DSM-IV is specifically devoted to personality disorders and intellectual disabilities.

Question 2

A high GAF score, for example, 87, indicates that the person

Accepted Answer

A high GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning) score indicates that the person is likely functioning well in social and work settings, with minimal symptoms or difficulties.

Question 3

__________ is the appearance of two or more disorders in a single person.

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more disorders or diseases in the same individual simultaneously.

Question 4

Research has found that disorders such as alcoholism and depression have a __________ of 8.6% in Canada.

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of one or more additional conditions co-occurring with a primary condition; in this context, it means that alcoholism and depression often occur together.

Question 5

Walter is hearing voices from the walls of his room. He is also depressed and has pains in his stomach. When admitted to a psychiatric hospital, he will be diagnosed using which axes of the DSM-IV-TR?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Walter is hearing voices from the walls...

Question 6

The DSM-IV-TR is most consistent with which of the following perspectives?

Accepted Answer

The DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision) is most consistent with the medical perspective as it classifies mental disorders in a manner similar to the classification of medical diseases, focusing on symptoms and syndromes.

Question 7

A problem with the DSM-IV-TR system of classifying psychological disorders is its

Accepted Answer

The DSM-IV-TR system of classifying psychological disorders has been criticized for its lack of reliability. This means that different clinicians may diagnose the same patient with different disorders, or that the same clinician may diagnose the same patient with different disorders at different times.

Question 8

Which of the following is a criticism of the DSM-IV-TR?

Accepted Answer

The DSM-IV-TR has faced criticism for issues related to reliability, validity, and its medical model bias, making all of the provided options valid criticisms.

Question 9

Rosenhan's classic (1973) study "On being sane in insane places"questioned the __________ of the diagnostic system for psychological disorder.

Accepted Answer

Rosenhan's study primarily questioned the validity of psychiatric diagnoses, as it demonstrated that mental health professionals could not reliably distinguish between sane and insane individuals in a clinical setting.

Question 10

Horowitz and Wakefield (2007) have questioned the validity of using the diagnostic category of major depressive disorder for

Accepted Answer

Horowitz and Wakefield (2007) argue that the natural sadness resulting from bereavement should not be pathologized as major depressive disorder, emphasizing the importance of distinguishing between normal grief and clinical depression.

Question 11

A problem with labeling people with a psychological disorder is that

Accepted Answer

A label for a psychological disorder indeed only describes the symptoms but does not explain the underlying causes or mechanisms of the disorder. This can lead to a superficial understanding of the individual's condition and does not address the complexity of mental health issues.

Question 12

A person who has suggested that we should not make any attempts to classify and diagnose psychological disorders is

Accepted Answer

Thomas Szasz was a prominent figure who argued against the medical model of psychiatry, suggesting that mental illnesses are not real in the same way that physical illnesses are, and thus we should not attempt to classify and diagnose psychological disorders in the traditional medical sense.

Question 13

Szasz argues that we should abandon any attempt at classifying and diagnosing psychological disorders in part because

Accepted Answer

Szasz's argument against the classification and diagnosis of psychological disorders is primarily based on the belief that doing so relieves individuals of personal responsibility for their conditions and the steps needed to improve them.

Question 14

The development of successful treatment programs for different disorders is often preceded by

Accepted Answer

The answer of The development of successful treatment programs for...

Question 15

A good reason for developing a system for classifying and diagnosing psychological disorders is that

Accepted Answer

Classifying and diagnosing psychological disorders helps in finding successful treatments, understanding the causes of disorders, and guiding future research, making all of the options correct.

Question 16

Which of the following is the most prevalent psychological disorder in Canadian surveys?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the most...

Question 17

The three most prevalent psychological disorders in Canadian surveys are __________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

The three most prevalent psychological disorders in Canadian surveys are mood, anxiety, and substance abuse disorders. These categories encompass a wide range of specific conditions that are commonly reported and treated across the country.

Question 18

__________ judgments are based on the therapist's prior experience.

Accepted Answer

Clinical judgments are based on the therapist's prior experience, utilizing their expertise, intuition, and knowledge gained from previous cases.

Question 19

Dr. Proust administered an IQ test to one of her clients and determined that the client's score fell into the normal range of intellectual performance. Dr. Proust's work with this client reflects a(n) __________ judgment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr. Proust administered an IQ test to...

Question 20

Dr. Parks suspects that his client, Nate, was abused as a child. Nate has not yet confirmed this during therapy sessions. However, Nate's behaviour and thinking resemble many patient's who Dr. Parks has treated for child abuse. Dr. Parks' suspicions about Nate's abuse are based on a(n) __________ judgment.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Parks is using his professional judgment and experience to infer Nate's situation, which is characteristic of a clinical judgment. This type of judgment relies on the clinician's experience and intuition rather than statistical or actuarial methods.

Quiz 17: The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders