Question 1

A supervisor suddenly stops coming to work, and stories begin to circulate about the reasons behind this absence because there have been no official announcements to explain her absence from the workplace. This situation can best be described using which term?

Accepted Answer

A rumor is an unverified piece of information that circulates among people, often due to a lack of official information, which fits the situation described.

Question 2

Protests against Donald Trump's decision to disregard the Paris Climate Agreement are an example of a __________ movement because protesters want to stop or reverse Trump's decisions that may lead to what they consider a negative institutional pattern.

Accepted Answer

Resistance movements aim to prevent or undo changes in society, such as opposing Trump's decision to withdraw from the Paris Climate Agreement.

Question 3

How do you decide if a movement should be categorized as a resistance movement or a revolutionary movement?

Accepted Answer

A resistance movement seeks to reverse or halt current changes, while a revolutionary movement aims to completely transform the existing government or system into a new and different one.

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the type of social movement with a specific example of that movement?

Accepted Answer

Revolutionary movements aim to completely change the social structure, and the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011 were aimed at overthrowing existing governments and political systems in several countries.

Question 5

What is the best way to differentiate between expressive movements and resistance movements?

Accepted Answer

Expressive movements focus on allowing individuals to express their identities and feelings, while resistance movements aim to halt or reverse changes that are becoming established.

Question 6

When Donald Trump became president in 2017, White supremacist activities rose, and the gains that Black citizens felt during the Barack Obama presidency were feared to be lost (a "sudden downturn"), leading to increased involvement in anti-racism social movements in the United States. This description of political events could best be interpreted through which theory of social movements?

Accepted Answer

Relative deprivation theory explains social movements as arising when people perceive a discrepancy between their current situation and what they believe they deserve, leading to feelings of deprivation and motivating collective action.

Question 7

If a sociologist were to explain the eventual split of Czechoslovakia into two countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, because of the way that the communist government denied its citizens the right to form trade unions and practice their religion, which social movement theory would this researcher be employing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a sociologist were to explain the...

Question 8

Which of the following best explains the differences between mass society theory and relative deprivation theory?

Accepted Answer

Mass society theory highlights alienation in industrial societies leading to protest, while relative deprivation theory focuses on the gap between desires and realities prompting collective action.

Question 9

Which of the following accurately pairs a phase in Smelser's structural strain theory with a specific incident in the Arab Spring uprisings?

Accepted Answer

In Smelser's structural strain theory, "strain" refers to underlying societal issues that create tension, such as unemployment and poverty among Egyptian youth during the Arab Spring.

Question 10

As industrialization increased, social systems became impersonal, and people became alienated and isolated from each other; this can lead to people drawing together for a sense of community and creating social movements. This best describes which theory of social movements?

Accepted Answer

Mass society theory suggests that as societies become more industrialized and impersonal, individuals feel isolated and alienated, leading them to join social movements to regain a sense of community and belonging.

Question 11

Which social movement theory emphasizes that during times of economic prosperity, businesses and charities have more discretionary income, so they can support social movements, but when discretionary income declines, so does involvement in social movements?

Accepted Answer

Resource-mobilization theory emphasizes the importance of resources, such as money and support from businesses and charities, in the success of social movements. It suggests that during times of economic prosperity, there are more resources available to support these movements.

Question 12

When a sociologist emphasizes the material resources required for social movements, such as donations, employees or volunteers, physical space, and publicity, which theory of social movements is she or he likely using?

Accepted Answer

Resource-mobilization theory emphasizes the material resources required for social movements, such as donations, employees or volunteers, physical space, and publicity.

Question 13

The arguments that the forces behind social movements are social class, culture, and social identity rather than technology or politics, and that social movements are fueled by educated members of the middle and upper classes, emerge from which social movement theory?

Accepted Answer

New social movements theory emphasizes the role of social class, culture, and social identity in driving social movements, often highlighting the involvement of educated middle and upper-class individuals.

Question 14

Research on the incident in Paris in 2005 in which three White French youth climbed an electric fence around an African immigrant compound, leading to 20 days of clashes between authorities and immigrant youth, showed that news reports most often blamed which two causes for the unrest?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is B because the research showed that news reports most often blamed "lack of assimilation" and "police overreaction" for the unrest.

Question 15

When animal rights groups use an "emotion pool" to capture an audience's emotions by featuring televised images of abused dogs and cats in cages, their approach is best described by which term?

Accepted Answer

Framing refers to the way information is presented to influence the audience's perception and emotions. By using emotional images, animal rights groups are framing the issue to evoke sympathy and support.

Question 16

In 2016, when indigenous peoples on the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in North Dakota protested a proposed oil pipeline by emphasizing their historic rights and experiences of their land, they were utilizing which concept?

Accepted Answer

The indigenous peoples were emphasizing their shared history, culture, and rights, which aligns with the concept of collective identity.

Question 17

The Black Lives Matter movement protested systemic racism. In response, White groups used a __________, arguing that White Lives Matter or All Lives Matter. This could best be analyzed using __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The response of White groups using "White Lives Matter" or "All Lives Matter" is a counter-frame to the Black Lives Matter movement. This can be analyzed using cultural theory, which examines how different groups construct and contest meanings and identities.

Question 18

When French newspapers in 2005 depicted possible solutions to the clashes between immigrants and authorities, including "law and order," they were providing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Prognosis refers to the prediction or forecast of the outcome of a situation, which in this case is the depiction of possible solutions to the clashes.

Question 19

The Dakota Access Pipeline created a protest movement through which activists formed a __________ as protectors of the water, chanting "water is life" and emphasizing their communal investment in the well-being of all peoples through the prevention of water contamination.

Accepted Answer

The activists formed a collective identity as protectors of the water, emphasizing their shared values and goals in preventing water contamination.

Question 20

The fight against the Dakota Access Pipeline demonstrated evidence of __________ because it united the movement for American Indian sovereignty with environmental rights.

Accepted Answer

The fight against the Dakota Access Pipeline is an example of intersectional activism because it brought together different social movements, namely American Indian sovereignty and environmental rights, highlighting the interconnectedness of these issues.

Quiz 16: Collective Behavior