Question 1

Which of the following represents an instance of learning?

Accepted Answer

Learning is demonstrated by a change in behavior due to experience, such as walking slowly down a dark hallway after stubbing a toe, which shows adaptation based on past experience.

Question 2

A young woman with no previous exposure to the martial arts took a class in judo. Having no occasion to utilize the techniques, 6 months passed. One evening while walking to her car she was attacked. She successfully fended off her attacker using several judo techniques taught in the class she had taken. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The learning took place during the judo class, and she was able to recall and apply the techniques when needed, even after 6 months.

Question 3

The branch of philosophy known as epistemology asks

Accepted Answer

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, including how we know the world.

Question 4

A common student complaint is that skills and knowledge acquired in the classroom do not relate to their day-to-day lives. To the extent that this is true, one may say that

Accepted Answer

Learning involves a change in capacity or potential, even if it hasn't been immediately applied or tested in real-world scenarios.

Question 5

Wondering whether class attendance is related to course grade, a professor begins to gather both kinds of data for his classes. Investigating the relationship between attendance and grades may be described as

Accepted Answer

The professor is likely to use hypothesis testing to determine if there is a statistically significant relationship between class attendance and course grades.

Question 6

As a science, psychology is concerned with

Accepted Answer

Psychology as a science examines the roles of biology and heredity, among other factors, in understanding behavior and mental processes.

Question 7

The following behavior changes illustrate learning:

Accepted Answer

Behavior resulting from experience is learning.

Question 8

Beliefs may be described as

Accepted Answer

Beliefs are often based on observations and experiences, which can make them seem correct, but they are not invariably true or always proven wrong. They are not always verified assumptions either.

Question 9

The brain allows the body to influence the mind and the mind to influence the body. This is called

Accepted Answer

Interactive dualism is the theory that the brain allows the body to influence the mind and the mind to influence the body.

Question 10

Evidence that learning has occurred is seen in

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evidence that learning has occurred is seen...

Question 11

Change in performance is preceded by

Accepted Answer

Change in performance is often preceded by a change in disposition, as an individual's attitude, mood, or mindset can significantly impact their performance.

Question 12

After listening to rather surprising results obtained in a fellow student's research study, a second student decides to do a similar study applying the methodology to a different population. What about the first study may account for the motivation of the second student?

Accepted Answer

The heuristic value of the first study refers to its ability to inspire further research and exploration, which is why the second student is motivated to apply the methodology to a different population.

Question 13

Carefully testing a favorite folk saying, the research results did not verify the claimed relationship. Assuming the soundness of the research methodology, what may be concluded?

Accepted Answer

The research results did not verify the claimed relationship, suggesting that the folk wisdom may be based on an invalid assumption.

Question 14

With regard to science and psychology,

Accepted Answer

The answer of With regard to science and psychology,
...

Question 15

The main function of a theory is to

Accepted Answer

The main function of a theory is to summarize and explain observations by providing a framework for understanding and predicting phenomena.

Question 16

If-then statements may also be referred to as

Accepted Answer

If-then statements are often used to express hypotheses, which are proposed explanations or predictions that can be tested through experimentation or observation.

Question 17

Random sampling from a specific population of study may be illustrated by

Accepted Answer

Random sampling involves selecting individuals from a population in such a way that each individual has an equal chance of being chosen. Drawing names from a fishbowl blindfolded ensures that each name has an equal probability of being selected, which is the essence of random sampling.

Question 18

Scientific method involves

Accepted Answer

The scientific method involves the use of educated guesses (hypotheses) and the acceptance or rejection of those hypotheses based on experimental results.

Question 19

A college professor, concerned about lack of attention by students during lecture, is considering a study of the effects of room temperature on state of consciousness. If the study is undertaken, what would be the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the state of consciousness, as it is the outcome being measured to see how it is affected by changes in room temperature.

Question 20

A way to be sure that an observed relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable does indeed exist is by

Accepted Answer

A control group allows researchers to compare results and determine if the observed relationship is due to the independent variable or other factors.

Quiz 1: Human Learning