Question 1

All but one of the following statements about the Bartholomew and Horowitz Relationship Questionnaire are correct. Identify the one statement that is false.
A) It identifies four attachment styles.
B) It allows for both categorical and dimensional ratings.
C) It distinguishes between dismissive and fearful avoidance.
D) It is used with both children and adults.

Accepted Answer

The Bartholomew and Horowitz Relationship Questionnaire is primarily used with adults, not children.

Question 2

Results from a study of individuals who were either in or within the near vicinity of the World Trade Center during the September 11, 2001 attack indicated that:
A) the only people who reported significant symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) seven months after the attacks were those with attachment difficulties
B) 18 months after the attack, people with a secure attachment style exhibited signs of psychological growth
C) attachment style and adjustment after the attack were unrelated
D) paradoxically, individuals with an anxious attachment style coped better than individuals who were securely attached

Accepted Answer

Individuals with a secure attachment style often have better coping mechanisms and resilience, which can lead to psychological growth after traumatic events.

Question 3

Based on findings from a longitudinal study of individuals who survived the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, it appears that:
A) people with a dismissive attachment orientation put on a front and hide their emotional problems from others.
B) attachment style appears to be unrelated to psychological symptoms after a highly traumatic experience.
C) most fearful attached individuals experienced an increase in psychological symptoms 18 months after the attack.
D) there was no evidence that any individuals experienced personal growth stemming from their experience on September 11.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with a dismissive attachment orientation often present a facade of self-sufficiency and may hide their emotional problems from others, which aligns with findings from studies on trauma survivors.

Question 4

According to the Bartholomew model of attachment, people with a dismissive attachment have a__________________________________
A) positive model of self and negative model of others
B) positive model of self and positive model of others
C) negative model of self and negative model of others
D) negative model of self and positive model of others

Accepted Answer

People with a dismissive attachment style have a positive model of self and a negative model of others, leading them to prioritize independence and often dismiss the importance of close relationships.

Question 5

According to the Bartholomew model of romantic attachment, people with preoccupied attachment have a________________________________
A) positive model of self and negative model of others.
B) positive model of self and positive model of others.
C) negative model of self and negative model of others.
D) negative model of self and positive model of others.

Accepted Answer

People with preoccupied attachment have a negative model of self and a positive model of others, leading them to seek approval and validation from others while doubting their own worth.

Question 6

Several common problems with research on personality and close relationships have been identified. Identify the statement below that is NOT considered to be a problem in this area.
A) About one third of studies focused on data from only one member of the couple.
B) Much of the research in this area has been largely atheoretical.
C) The majority of studies in this area are cross-sectional and based on self-report.
D) Research findings allow us to predict with some certainty which couples are going to have extreme difficulties

Accepted Answer

Research findings in personality and close relationships often do not allow for precise predictions about which couples will face extreme difficulties, as individual and relational dynamics are complex and multifaceted.

Question 7

Identify the statement about personality factors and relationship adjustment that is false.
A) Research findings indicate that negative attributions to a partner's personality may play a causal role in increasing marital distress.
B) Negative affectivity and trait neuroticism predict dissatisfaction.
C) Negative emotionality is associated with relationship difficulties and dissatisfaction.
D) Research findings indicate that perfectionism is one of the strongest predictors of relationship dissatisfaction.

Accepted Answer

Perfectionism is not typically identified as one of the strongest predictors of relationship dissatisfaction compared to factors like negative affectivity or neuroticism.

Question 8

One of the factors below is NOT considered to be a predictor of violence in relationships. Identify this factor.
A) Preoccupied attachment style
B) Impulsivity
C) Alcohol abuse
D) Five-factor similarity

Accepted Answer

Five-factor similarity refers to the similarity in personality traits between partners, which is not directly linked to predicting violence in relationships.

Question 9

Robert speaks with pride about having extremely high standards. He believes that others expect "no less than my best" and he expects the same of others in return. The research suggests that:
A) Robert's beliefs put his marriage at risk.
B) Robert's beliefs are only one small factor contributing to the success of his marriage, and should have little impact, positive or negative
C) Robert's beliefs and expectations are likely to bring out the best in Robert and others, and have a positive effect on his marriage.
D) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that having extremely high standards and expectations can put a strain on relationships, including marriage, as it may lead to dissatisfaction and conflict if those standards are not met.

Question 10

The most recent version of _______________________ therapy emphasizes adult attachment styles in relationships.
A) person-centred
B) emotion-focused couples therapy (EFT)
C) attachment
D) cognitive interpersonal

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused couples therapy (EFT) is a therapeutic approach that emphasizes understanding and improving adult attachment styles in relationships.

Question 11

Define Sullivan's distinctions between the 'good me', 'the bad me', the 'not me' and how these concepts develop.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Define agency, unmitigated agency, communion, and unmitigated communion.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Describe what a circumplex is and how the variables are related to each other in a circumplex (i.e. the strength and direction of the correlations). Name two octants in the Interpersonal Circumplex and their opposing octants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what a circumplex is and how...

Question 14

Define Machiavellianism and provide some examples of machiavellian behaviours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define Machiavellianism and provide some examples of...

Question 15

Define the authoritarian personality and give an example of a historical person or celebrity that you would characterize as being high in authoritarianism. Identify the traits that make this person authoritarian. What is the difference between authoritarianism and social dominance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the authoritarian personality and give an...

Question 16

Describe Mary Ainsworth's four infant attachment styles.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Bartholomew developed an attachment style model for adult romantic relationships. List the four different attachment styles and what kinds of cognitive representations these people have about themselves (i.e. positive/negative view of themselves and others). Identify a shortcoming of this model.

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Describe the concept of assortative mating.

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

What are the top three factors that are most important in a good relationship? Explain the roles of neuroticism and of perfectionism in relationships.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Describe the relationship between personality and attachment styles with relationship violence.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 10: Interpersonal Theories and Interpersonal Styles

All but one of the following statements about the Bartholomew and Horowitz Relationship Questionnaire are correct. Identify the one statement that is false.

Results from a study of individuals who were either in or within the near vicinity of the World Trade Center during the September 11, 2001 attack indicated that:

Based on findings from a longitudinal study of individuals who survived the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, it appears that:

According to the Bartholomew model of attachment, people with a dismissive attachment have a__________________________________

According to the Bartholomew model of romantic attachment, people with preoccupied attachment have a________________________________

Several common problems with research on personality and close relationships have been identified. Identify the statement below that is NOT considered to be a problem in this area.

Identify the statement about personality factors and relationship adjustment that is false.

One of the factors below is NOT considered to be a predictor of violence in relationships. Identify this factor.

Robert speaks with pride about having extremely high standards. He believes that others expect "no less than my best" and he expects the same of others in return. The research suggests that:

The most recent version of _______________________ therapy emphasizes adult attachment styles in relationships.