Question 1

The definition of resilience can best be rephrased as

Accepted Answer

Resilience refers to the ability to bounce back or recover from difficult situations. It does not involve denial, learned helplessness or solely relying on optimism.

Question 2

Research presented by the authors of your text suggests that when someone's spouse dies, the majority of widows/widowers respond

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that most widows/widowers show resilience, meaning they are able to cope and adapt to the loss without experiencing severe or prolonged distress.

Question 3

Mild, transient reactions to stressful events, followed by a quick return to normal, healthy functioning, is the definition of

Accepted Answer

Mild, transient reactions to stressful events followed by a quick return to normal, healthy functioning is an example of resilience. Resilience refers to an individual's ability to adapt and bounce back from stressors, often returning to their pre-stress level of functioning. Coping refers to the strategies individuals use to cope with stressors. Stress refers to the physiological and psychological response to a perceived threat or challenge. Locus of control refers to an individual's belief about the extent to which they have control over their own lives.

Question 4

According to research presented in the text, poverty, and racism are powerful sources of stress.This suggests that one problem with inventories is that the scale focuses on

Accepted Answer

The text suggests that inventories may not adequately capture stressors experienced by poor or minority groups, as they focus on stressors more common to the middle class.

Question 5

Joanne Hill, who is described in the introduction, attributes her strength in the face of adversity to

Accepted Answer

In the introduction, it is stated that Joanne Hill attributes her strength in the face of adversity to "making different choices." She recognized that she had the power to change her circumstances and took action to do so. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.

Question 6

According to the authors of your text, which of the following stressors are omitted from many of the stress inventories?

Accepted Answer

The authors of the text state that stressors such as poverty and racism are often omitted from many stress inventories, which tend to focus on more individual level stressors.

Question 7

Bobby has just undergone a major upheaval in his life.He had to declare bankruptcy.Research has shown that he is more likely to ________ compared with people who did not experience such upheavals.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that major life upheavals, such as declaring bankruptcy, can significantly increase stress levels, which in turn can have adverse effects on health, potentially leading to a higher mortality rate.

Question 8

Which of the following people, based on personality, would be most likely to experience life difficulties and health problems?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following people, based on...

Question 9

Researchers often employ correlational designs to assess the relationship between stress and physical health (e.g., Holmes & Rahe, 1967).One problem with this approach is that researchers using this method

Accepted Answer

Correlational designs can only show a relationship between two variables, but they cannot determine which variable causes the other. It is always possible that a third variable could be causing both the stress and physical health outcomes. Therefore, researchers using this approach cannot make definitive causal statements.

Question 10

The authors of your text provide examples of people in other cultures who have died after finding out that they ate a certain food that is considered forbidden in their culture, even though the food did not poison them.What is the explanation for these deaths?

Accepted Answer

Violating a taboo created such stress that they died. The stress of violating a deeply held cultural taboo can cause physical symptoms and even death. This phenomenon is known as "cultural death syndrome."

Question 11

According to contemporary researchers Holmes and Rahe (1967), stress reflects the degree to which people

Accepted Answer

According to Holmes and Rahe, stress reflects the degree to which people must readjust their lives to external events. This can include both positive and negative events, such as getting married or being fired from a job. The researchers developed the "Life Events Scale" which assigns point values to various life events based on the amount of adjustment required.

Question 12

Jared has recently survived a horrific tornado that devastated his town and injured or killed dozens of his friends, family, and neighbors.Based on information from your text, Jared is most likely to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jared has recently survived a horrific tornado...

Question 13

Many mental health professionals have argued that people who do not grieve heavily after the death of a spouse are in a state of denial.The authors of your text explain that

Accepted Answer

The authors of the text explain that there is actually no evidence to support the assumption that people who do not grieve heavily after the death of a spouse are in a state of denial. This suggests that this idea may not be accurate and should not be assumed without further evidence or investigation.

Question 14

George's wife has just died from cancer.Based on what the authors of your text report about how people deal with such loss, what is George most likely to do in response to her death?

Accepted Answer

The answer of George's wife has just died from cancer.Based...

Question 15

People who have endured major trauma, such as survivors of the Los Angeles earthquake in 1994 or terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, tend to be at an increased risk of

Accepted Answer

People who have experienced trauma are at an increased risk of developing heart problems, including heart attacks and cardiovascular disease, which may result in death. While trauma can lead to a range of physical and mental health problems, including depression and anxiety, there is no evidence to suggest that trauma survivors are more likely to become violent or contract HIV. While stress can weaken the immune system, there is no evidence to suggest that trauma survivors are at an increased risk of developing cancer within a year of the event.

Question 16

Based on the conceptualization of stress by Holmes and Rahe (1967), who is most likely to experience stress?

Accepted Answer

According to the Holmes and Rahe stress scale, major life events such as getting married are considered significant stressors. Anna (A) and Sheila (C) may experience stress, but their situations are related more to daily hassles rather than major life events. Theron (D) may experience stress due to work and school, but it is not considered a major life event according to the Holmes and Rahe stress scale.

Question 17

Patrick has experienced a large number of changes in his life.He's lost his job, is getting a divorce, is facing income tax evasion charges, and his wife is expecting a child.Patrick has also reported an increase in anxiety and has been sick a lot over the last six months.Some researchers would suggest that increased stress has taken a toll on Patrick's health.Others would convincingly suggest that ________ better account(s) for this coincidence.

Accepted Answer

It is possible that Patrick's personality traits, such as his tendency to worry or his ability to cope with stress, may play a role in his increased anxiety and sickness. Research has shown that personality traits can have an impact on an individual's susceptibility to stress and their ability to cope with adverse events. Therefore, it is likely that Patrick's personality traits could be contributing to his health issues.

Question 18

Mr.Smith's husband just died.Based on the work presented by the authors of your text, if he's like the majority of widows/widowers, he will respond

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that most widows and widowers show resilience after the death of a spouse, meaning they are able to cope and adapt without severe long-term depression or grief.

Question 19

Adi has had a number of stressors in his lifetime but is doing fine.As the authors of your text report, this indicates that Adi and people like him are

Accepted Answer

Adi's ability to cope with stressors in a healthy manner despite experiencing them indicates that he is remarkably resilient. Resilience refers to an individual's ability to adapt and bounce back from adversity or difficult situations. Therefore, it is a positive and desirable trait.

Question 20

Hans Selye (1956, 1976) originally defined stress as

Accepted Answer

According to Hans Selye, stress is defined as physiological responses to threat, also known as the "general adaptation syndrome". Selye believed that stress was the body's response to any demand placed upon it, whether the demand was positive or negative.

Quiz 15: Social Psychology and Health