Question 1

One study described in the text to support reaction formation theory found that those men who scored highest on homophobia became ________.

Accepted Answer

Support for reaction formation theory has been found in research showing that those scoring highest on homophobia became sexually aroused in response to a gay male video.
TRUE-FALSE

Question 2

Violent crimes against gay and lesbian individuals are the ________ most common category of hate crimes.

Accepted Answer

Violent crimes against gay and lesbians are the third most common category of hate crimes.

Question 3

Because the first cases of AIDS in the U.S.were found among young gay men, the researchers originally referred to the illness as ________.

Accepted Answer

GRID was the name given to AIDS because it was seen in gay men.

Question 4

Certain state and federal antidiscrimination laws specify characteristics of groups that are protected under these laws, such as race, religion, sex (male or female), age, or disability.These are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

State and federal antidiscrimination laws specify certain protected classes, or characteristics of groups, that are protected such as race, religion, sex, country of origin, age and disability.

Question 5

________ laws have allowed for more stringent penalties for violent crimes that can be shown to have been motivated by bias or prejudice toward a protected class of people.

Accepted Answer

Hate crime laws have allowed for more stringent penalties for violent crimes motivated by bias or prejudice toward a protected class of people.

Question 6

In the past, all states in the U.S.enacted ________ laws which prohibited people from engaging in certain sexual acts that were considered strange, deviant, or immoral.

Accepted Answer

All states had sodomy laws that prohibited people from engaging in certain sexual acts that were deemed strange, deviant, or immoral.

Question 7

Terrence is a "gay basher." Reaction formation suggests that people like this may themselves be ________.

Accepted Answer

Reaction formation suggests people with strong anti-homosexual attitudes are in deep denial that they themselves are closeted homosexuals.

Question 8

Worldwide, the vast majority of HIV infections are due to ________.

Accepted Answer

Worldwide, the vast majority of HIV infections are due to heterosexual contact.

Question 9

Tim suffers from an extreme fear, discomfort, or hatred of gay and lesbian people.This is defined as ________.

Accepted Answer

Homophobia has been defined as an extreme fear, discomfort, or hatred of gay and lesbian people.

Question 10

One argument for opposing antidiscrimination laws regarding sexual orientation is the claim that the ________ Amendment of the U.S.Constitution forbids all discrimination against any group, including, by default, people of any sexual orientation.

Accepted Answer

The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution forbids all discrimination against any group. Some would say this is why there is no need for additional protections.

Question 11

Although HIV is not a "gay disease," gay people are discriminated against based on irrational and misinformed beliefs about the illness; this form of discrimination has become known as ________.

Accepted Answer

AIDS stigma is a form of discrimination based on irrational and misinformed beliefs about the illness.

Question 12

Negative effects of AIDS stigma might include ________.

Accepted Answer

AIS stigma might lead to increased discrimination of gay people, fear, delay and avoidance of HIV testing, and hiding infection from a potential partner.

Question 13

Gary suffers from irrational anti-gay attitudes and behaviors.One motivation proposed to explain this is a psychological defense mechanism called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

Reaction formation may be one of the motivations for irrational antigay attitudes, in which a person engages in extreme and exaggerated behaviors in the opposite direction of the person's unacceptable internal urges.

Question 14

Seth is an out gay male.Depending on the state he works in, he could be ________ based solely because he is gay.

Accepted Answer

If a state does not offer legal protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation, a person could possibly be denied house, a job, or fired from a job just for being gay.

Question 15

Nancy is surprised to learn that hate crimes against gay and lesbian individuals are ________.

Accepted Answer

Hate crimes against gay and lesbians are on the increase.

Question 16

One study found that nearly ________ of gay or bisexual male teens had attempted suicide.

Accepted Answer

Research found that nearly 30% of gay or bisexual male teens had attempted suicide.

Question 17

The 2003 U.S.Supreme Court decision which in effect negated all sodomy laws in the remaining 14 states was ________.

Accepted Answer

Lawrence v. Texas was the U.S. Supreme Court decision that negated all sodomy laws in the remaining 14 states.

Question 18

Jane identifies as a lesbian.If Jane's college experience is like that of many other gay, lesbian, and bisexual students, ________.

Accepted Answer

College can be a difficult challenge for gay, lesbian, and bisexual students.

Question 19

The brutal abduction, beating, and killing of Wyoming college student ________ in 1998 brought the issue of violence directed at gays to a higher level of public awareness.

Accepted Answer

The murder of Matthew Shepard brought the issue of violence against gays to a higher level of public awareness.

Question 20

At the time of this textbook's publication, ________ countries worldwide have passed national legislation forbidding discrimination based on sexual orientation.

Accepted Answer

Less than 10% of countries have passed national legislation forbidding discrimination based on sexual orientation.

Quiz 11: Sexual Orientation