Question 1

Sandra's grandmother is consumed with fear that she will be set upon and assaulted by a gang of thugs.According to Chapter 8 ("Health"),this is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

The fear-victim paradox refers to the phenomenon where individuals, often elderly, have an exaggerated fear of crime despite being statistically less likely to be victims.

Question 2

______ involves the use of advanced skills to critically analyze and apply health information to one's own life.

Accepted Answer

Critical health literacy is the ability to not only understand health information but also to analyze and apply it to one's own life. It involves advanced skills such as evaluating sources of information, understanding statistical data, and making informed decisions about one's own health. Health literacy (option A) is important but does not necessarily involve the critical analysis and application of health information. Health promotion (option C) refers to efforts to improve overall health in a community or population, while health prevention (option D) involves taking steps to avoid or reduce the risk of disease or illness.

Question 3

______ encompasses abilities such as reading and understanding health information,communicating effectively with health care professionals,and being able to follow medical instructions.

Accepted Answer

Health literacy refers to a person's ability to obtain, understand, and use health information to make informed decisions and take appropriate actions related to their health. This includes skills such as reading and comprehension, communication with healthcare professionals, and following medical instructions.

Question 4

Psychological factors can play a much greater role in helping to prevent ______ than in helping to prevent ______.

Accepted Answer

Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression can contribute to chronic illnesses like heart disease, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. On the other hand, infectious diseases are primarily preventable through measures such as vaccination and hygiene practices, and psychological factors play a lesser role in their prevention. Therefore, the answer is D.

Question 5

Health promotion and ______ share the goal of keeping people free of disease.

Accepted Answer

Health promotion and primary prevention both focus on preventing the onset of disease or illness before it occurs. Primary prevention includes interventions such as vaccination, regular exercise, and healthy eating habits that aim to prevent the first occurrence of illness or disease. Secondary prevention, on the other hand, focuses on early detection and treatment of an existing disease or condition. Tertiary prevention aims to manage and minimize the impact of chronic conditions and prevent their worsening. Public health is a broad field that includes all three levels of prevention, as well as other areas such as environmental health and policy development.

Question 6

For informational health appeals to be persuasive,they generally should come from a source who is seen by the audience as ______.

Accepted Answer

For health appeals to be persuasive, the source should be seen as attractive, credible, and similar to the audience, as these traits enhance trust and relatability.

Question 7

Halpern-Fleisher and Millstein (2002)found that after the September 11 terrorist attacks,American adolescents perceived their risk of dying in an earthquake or tornado to be ______ that which adolescents had reported in the years preceding the attacks.

Accepted Answer

The sentence states that adolescents perceived their risk of dying in an earthquake or tornado to be "more than" that which adolescents had reported in the years preceding the attacks.

Question 8

Consuelo undergoes breast reconstruction after a double mastectomy.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention refers to interventions that aim to manage and rehabilitate individuals who have already developed a disease or disability, with the goal of minimizing the impact of the condition and improving quality of life. Breast reconstruction after a double mastectomy is an example of tertiary prevention, as it is a way to manage the impact of breast cancer surgery and restore physical appearance and function. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of a disease, while secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of a disease before it becomes symptomatic. Health promotion involves actions that support and promote better health outcomes for individuals and communities, but may not necessarily involve specific disease prevention or management strategies.

Question 9

Which model fails to account for the fact that different people will exhibit divergent symptoms of the same illness?

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model focuses solely on the biological aspects of illness and fails to account for the individual differences in symptom presentation that can result from social, psychological, and environmental factors.

Question 10

Research on the effectiveness of fear appeals suggests that inducing moderate levels of fear works better than inducing high levels of fear.According to the text,the explanation for this is that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research on the effectiveness of fear appeals...

Question 11

Health psychology appeared in the ______ and took hold in the ______.

Accepted Answer

Health psychology emerged in the 1970s and became more established in the 1980s, focusing on how psychological factors affect health and illness.

Question 12

Exaggerated fear reactions to such health risks as H1N1,SARS,and mad cow disease are likely to occur under certain conditions.What is NOT mentioned in the chapter on health (Chapter 8)as one of the conditions?

Accepted Answer

The chapter on health does not mention proximity (geographic closeness) of the risk as a condition for exaggerated fear reactions to health risks like H1N1, SARS, and mad cow disease. Conditions that are mentioned include lack of control over risk exposure, severity of the potential harm, and novelty of the risk.

Question 13

Health psychology is said to be the aggregate of the specific ______,______,and ______ contributions of the discipline of psychology.

Accepted Answer

Health psychology encompasses scientific research, educational efforts, and professional practice to understand and improve health outcomes.

Question 14

Fear appeals have been shown to have the greatest impact on people's ______,not necessarily their ______.

Accepted Answer

Fear appeals are designed to motivate people to take action by emphasizing the potential negative consequences of not doing so. This can influence people's intentions to act, but there is not necessarily a direct correlation between intentions and actual behavior. In fact, studies have shown that fear appeals are often most effective when they are paired with specific recommendations for action that increase the likelihood that people will follow through with their intentions. Therefore, the impact of fear appeals is most closely linked to people's intentions, rather than their actual behavior or outcomes.

Question 15

A top-40 band makes a series of public service announcements touting the benefits of regular cardiovascular exercise and encouraging teenagers to exercise regularly.This could be called an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of an informational appeal as the band is providing information about the benefits of exercise and encouraging teenagers to exercise regularly.

Question 16

Which of the following does not enhance or ensure a website's authority or credibility?

Accepted Answer

The presence of commercial advertisements does not necessarily indicate that the information on the site is trustworthy or credible. In fact, some advertisements may be misleading or even fraudulent. Therefore, the presence of commercial ads alone does not enhance or ensure a website's authority or credibility.

Question 17

The first window of vulnerability is said to occur ______.

Accepted Answer

The first window of vulnerability is said to occur in adolescence, a period characterized by significant physical, emotional, and social changes, making individuals more susceptible to various risks and influences.

Question 18

One of the most notorious examples of misinformation being perpetuated on the Internet is the case of kind of Dr.Andrew Wakefield and his study published in the prestigious medical journal The Lancet in 1998.His study by that suggested

Accepted Answer

Dr. Andrew Wakefield's study suggested a possible association between the MMR vaccine and the development of autism in children, which was later found to be based on fraudulent research data and was retracted by The Lancet. Numerous studies since then have discredited the supposed link between vaccines and autism.

Question 19

According to the window of vulnerability model (Lau,Jacobs Quadrel,& Hartman,1990),

Accepted Answer

The window of vulnerability model suggests that there is a critical period of vulnerability when an individual sets up a permanent home with a significant other, which can have a significant impact on their health behaviors. This period is considered a window of opportunity for interventions aimed at promoting healthy behaviors. The model does not suggest that the influence of parents on their children's health behaviors is unimportant, nor does it identify residing with a sibling or not moving out of the parent's home as critical periods of vulnerability.

Question 20

A man gets screened for colon cancer.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

Screening for colon cancer is an example of secondary prevention, which involves early detection and treatment of a disease in its early stages to minimize its negative effects on a person's health. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the disease from occurring in the first place, while health promotion involves encouraging healthy behaviors and lifestyles to maintain good health. Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease that has already developed, through rehabilitation and management of complications.

Quiz 8: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Sandra's grandmother is consumed with fear that she will be set upon and assaulted by a gang of thugs.According to Chapter 8 ("Health") ,this is an example of ______.

______ involves the use of advanced skills to critically analyze and apply health information to one's own life.

______ encompasses abilities such as reading and understanding health information,communicating effectively with health care professionals,and being able to follow medical instructions.

Psychological factors can play a much greater role in helping to prevent than in helping to prevent .

Health promotion and ______ share the goal of keeping people free of disease.

For informational health appeals to be persuasive,they generally should come from a source who is seen by the audience as ______.

Halpern-Fleisher and Millstein (2002) found that after the September 11 terrorist attacks,American adolescents perceived their risk of dying in an earthquake or tornado to be ______ that which adolescents had reported in the years preceding the attacks.

Consuelo undergoes breast reconstruction after a double mastectomy.This is an example of ______.

Which model fails to account for the fact that different people will exhibit divergent symptoms of the same illness?

Research on the effectiveness of fear appeals suggests that inducing moderate levels of fear works better than inducing high levels of fear.According to the text,the explanation for this is that

Health psychology appeared in the and took hold in the .

Exaggerated fear reactions to such health risks as H1N1,SARS,and mad cow disease are likely to occur under certain conditions.What is NOT mentioned in the chapter on health (Chapter 8) as one of the conditions?

Health psychology is said to be the aggregate of the specific ,,and __ contributions of the discipline of psychology.

Fear appeals have been shown to have the greatest impact on people's ,not necessarily their .

A top-40 band makes a series of public service announcements touting the benefits of regular cardiovascular exercise and encouraging teenagers to exercise regularly.This could be called an example of ______.

Which of the following does not enhance or ensure a website's authority or credibility?

The first window of vulnerability is said to occur ______.

One of the most notorious examples of misinformation being perpetuated on the Internet is the case of kind of Dr.Andrew Wakefield and his study published in the prestigious medical journal The Lancet in 1998.His study by that suggested

According to the window of vulnerability model (Lau,Jacobs Quadrel,& Hartman,1990) ,

A man gets screened for colon cancer.This is an example of ______.