Question 1

Recently,which of the following psychologists partially replicated Milgram's study and obtained very similar results?

Accepted Answer

Jerry Burger partially replicated Milgram's study in 2008 and obtained very similar results. He found that around 70% of participants were willing to administer the highest level of shock to a learner in the study.

Question 2

When the participants in Milgram's experiment received their orders over the phone,they

Accepted Answer

Milgram found that participants were less obedient when receiving orders over the phone compared to when they were face-to-face with the authority. This suggests that the physical presence of the authority figure plays an important role in increasing obedience.

Question 3

Regarding obedience,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The classic studies on obedience were actually conducted by Stanley Milgram at Yale University, not B.F. Skinner at Harvard University. Skinner was a behaviorist who focused on operant conditioning, while Milgram was a social psychologist who conducted experiments on obedience to authority.

Question 4

Who designed the experiment in which a "teacher" gave shocks to a "learner," but which was actually designed to assess the obedience of the "teacher"?

Accepted Answer

The experiment described is commonly known as the Milgram experiment and was designed by psychologist Stanley Milgram in the early 1960s to investigate participants' willingness to obey an authority figure even when it meant inflicting harm on another person.

Question 5

Recently,psychologist Jerry Burger partially replicated Milgram's study and obtained

Accepted Answer

The passage states that Jerry Burger partially replicated Milgram's study and obtained "very similar results to what Milgram found." Therefore, C is the best answer choice.

Question 6

If one person in a group begins to resist the orders of a legitimate authority,other people are more likely to

Accepted Answer

When one person in a group begins to resist the orders of a legitimate authority, it can embolden others to also question or disobey the authority, as it breaks the consensus of compliance and can make dissent seem more permissible or justified.

Question 7

Greater distance from the authority as well as a person having group support for their decision tends to __________ obedience.

Accepted Answer

When individuals are physically far from an authority figure or have support from a group, they tend to feel more autonomous and independent, which can lead to a decrease in obedience to authority. They may feel less obligated to follow orders and more inclined to make decisions based on their own judgment, beliefs and values. Therefore, greater distance from authority and group support tends to decrease obedience.

Question 8

When Milgram's study was rerun away from Yale University in a shabby office building in nearby Bridgeport,Connecticut,the number of participants who obeyed

Accepted Answer

When the Milgram study was rerun away from Yale University, the number of participants who obeyed decreased to 48 percent, which was statistically only a minor reduction.

Question 9

Regarding Milgram's experiments,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding Milgram's experiments,which of the following statements...

Question 10

Stanley Milgram's experiment in which a "teacher" gave shocks to a "learner" was actually designed to assess

Accepted Answer

The Milgram experiment was specifically designed to measure obedience to authority, as the teacher was instructed to administer painful electric shocks to the learner when they answered questions incorrectly, even though the learner was not actually receiving shocks and was only pretending to be in distress. The study revealed the alarming extent to which ordinary people are willing to obey authority figures, even if their actions go against their own morals and values.

Question 11

In the original Milgram experiment,what percent of the "teachers" administered "shocks" all the way to the 450-volt level?

Accepted Answer

In the original Milgram experiment, 65 percent of the "teachers" administered "shocks" all the way up to the 450-volt level, despite the potential harm to the "learner." This result was surprising and alarming, showing the power of authority and obedience in influencing behavior.

Question 12

Before the Milgram experiment was conducted,a group of psychiatrists predicted that

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists predicted that less than one percent of participants would obey the authority figure to the point of administering the highest shock level in the Milgram experiment, but the actual result was that about 65 percent of participants obeyed completely.

Question 13

In Milgram's studies,which of the following circumstances listed resulted in the SMALLEST percentage of subjects obeying the orders of the authority?

Accepted Answer

When the teacher received orders by phone, the physical and psychological distance between the authority figure and the participant increased, leading to the smallest percentage of subjects obeying the orders. This condition made it easier for participants to resist authority as the immediacy and pressure of the authority figure were reduced.

Question 14

In Milgram's experiments,all of the following circumstances reduced obedience to lower levels EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Milgram's experiments,all of the following circumstances...

Question 15

When the participants in Milgram's experiment were face to face with the learner and had to force the learner's hand down on a simulated "shock plate,"

Accepted Answer

When participants were face to face with the learner and had to physically force their hand down on the simulated shock plate, fewer of them followed the experimenter's orders to deliver shocks. This suggests that physical proximity and connection with the learner increased participants' empathy and reduced obedience to authority.

Question 16

Which of the following was a significant factor in determining the degree of obedience in Milgram's series of experiments?

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's series of experiments, the degree of obedience was significantly determined by the distance between the teacher and the experimenter (authority). Milgram found that participants were more likely to obey commands when the experimenter was physically close to them, and less likely when the experimenter was physically distant. This suggests that proximity to authority figures can strongly influence our willingness to conform and obey. The other answer choices (B, C, and D) were not significant factors in determining obedience in Milgram's experiments.

Question 17

Puzzled as to how Nazi soldiers,who had once been average citizens,could slaughter six million people in concentration camps,the psychologist who began a provocative series of experiments on obedience was

Accepted Answer

The psychologist who conducted experiments on obedience to demonstrate how ordinary people could carry out horrific acts was Stanley Milgram. His famous experiment involved subjects administering what they believed to be electric shocks to another person at the instruction of an authority figure. The results of his experiments shed light on how people can be influenced to do things that go against their personal beliefs or morals when given orders by an authority figure.

Question 18

Regarding Milgram's experiments,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The "teachers" in Milgram's experiments were told that they were administering electric shocks to the "learners" when they answered questions incorrectly. However, the "learners" were actually actors and were not receiving any shocks. The "teachers" were deceived into thinking that they were causing pain to another person.

Question 19

Subjects in Milgram's experiment who gave the highest level of shocks rationalized that they were NOT personally responsible for their actions.This raises questions about our willingness to commit inhumane acts as a result of

Accepted Answer

Milgram's experiment demonstrated that people are highly obedient to authority figures, even when the authority is instructing them to perform potentially harmful actions. The subjects who gave the highest level of shocks did so because they believed that they were following orders from a legitimate authority and therefore, the responsibility for the outcome lay with the authority and not with themselves. This highlights the powerful influence of obedience to authority on our behavior, even when it contradicts our moral beliefs.

Question 20

Asch is to conformity as Milgram is to

Accepted Answer

Milgram's famous study on obedience involved participants shocking another person (who was actually an actor) on the orders of an authority figure, even when they believed it could cause harm. This demonstrated that individuals can be obedient to authority even when it goes against their own beliefs and values. Therefore, Milgram is primarily associated with the concept of obedience.

Quiz 16: C: Social Thinking and Social Influence