Question 1

Education keeps students off the street and out of the full-time job market for a number of years, keeping levels of unemployment within reasonable bounds. This is an example of a latent function of education the text terms __________.

Accepted Answer

The latent function described is "restricting some activities," which refers to the unintended, indirect effects of education such as keeping students occupied and out of the full-time job market, thereby affecting unemployment levels.

Question 2

Over time, new educational programs are introduced to meet societal needs. Programs such as sex education, drug education, and multicultural studies have been implemented to teach students about pressing social issues. These examples illustrate the manifest function of education called __________.

Accepted Answer

The manifest function of education called change and innovation refers to the introduction of new educational programs to meet the changing needs of society. The examples given in the question (sex education, drug education, multicultural studies) are all examples of educational programs that have been introduced in response to changing social issues. The other options - socialization, transmission of culture, and social placement - refer to different manifest functions of education that are not relevant to the examples given in the question.

Question 3

Early in the twentieth century, all states passed mandatory education laws that require children to_______________________________.

Accepted Answer

All states passed mandatory education laws that require children to attend school until they reach a certain age or complete a minimum level of education. This means that students are legally required to attend school until a certain age or until they have completed a minimum level of education, such as finishing high school.

Question 4

According to the functionalist perspective, all social institutions, including education, have functions that are hidden, unstated, and sometimes unintended consequences of their activities. These are termed __________.

Accepted Answer

Latent functions are the hidden, unstated, and sometimes unintended consequences of social institutions, according to the functionalist perspective. Intrinsic functions would refer to the primary or intended functions of an institution, while extrinsic functions may refer to external rewards or benefits of participating in an institution. Manifest functions are the intended and recognized consequences of an institution's activities.

Question 5

Schools help to identify the most qualified people to fill available positions in society by channeling students into programs based on their ability and academic achievement. This is the manifest function of education termed __________.

Accepted Answer

Social placement is the manifest function of education that helps to identify the most qualified individuals to fill available positions in society. This is done by channeling students into programs based on their academic performance and ability. Choice A (change and innovation) and B (transmission of culture) are not directly related to the function of schools in identifying qualified individuals for available positions in society. Choice C (social control) is a manifest function of education, but it does not specifically relate to identifying qualified individuals for available positions in society.

Question 6

Religious fundamentalism now only appeals to people who have lower incomes, live in rural areas, and have lower levels of educational attainment.

Accepted Answer

Religious fundamentalism can appeal to individuals across various income levels, urban and rural settings, and educational backgrounds. Its appeal is not limited by socio-economic status but is influenced by a complex mix of personal, cultural, and social factors.

Question 7

Although character education has been suggested for reducing bullying, an alternative approach is to focus on __________.

Accepted Answer

Focusing on the social environment of the school can involve implementing strategies such as promoting positive relationships, improving communication between students and teachers, and creating a culture of respect, tolerance, and inclusivity. This approach can help prevent and address bullying by creating a supportive and safe environment for all students, rather than solely targeting the behavior of individual bullies. Affirmative action programs and cultural diversity initiatives may promote equality and respect, but may not directly address the issue of bullying. Stronger penalties for bullies may deter bullying behavior, but may not address the underlying causes of bullying or create a positive school environment.

Question 8

Because schools bring together people of similar ages, social class, and race/ethnicity, young people often meet future marriage partners. This latent function of education results in __________.

Accepted Answer

The latent function of education in bringing together people of similar ages, social class, and race/ethnicity can result in matchmaking and the production of social networks. This can lead to young people meeting potential future marriage partners.

Question 9

In the absence of a constitutional amendment, issues relating to the separation of church and state, including religious instruction in public schools, are ultimately constitutional issues that are decided by __________.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ultimately deciding on constitutional issues such as the separation of church and state and religious instruction in public schools.

Question 10

An important function of education is __________, which involves teaching students values such as discipline, respect, obedience, and punctuality.

Accepted Answer

Social control involves the regulation and guidance of behavior in society, which includes teaching values and norms that promote discipline, respect, obedience, and punctuality. This helps individuals become responsible citizens who are able to adhere and contribute positively to society's standards and expectations.

Question 11

Early sociologist __________ saw the responsibility of education as teaching a commitment to a shared social morality. In this way, education is crucial for promoting solidarity and stability in society.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim emphasized the importance of education in promoting social solidarity and stability by teaching a commitment to a shared social morality. He believed that education should instill in individuals a sense of belonging to a larger social group, and a recognition of their roles and responsibilities within that group.

Question 12

From kindergarten through college, schools teach students the student role as well as other important information about society. This is one of the manifest functions of education: __________.

Accepted Answer

Socialization is the process of learning and internalizing the values, beliefs, and norms of society. Schools play an important role in socializing students by teaching them how to behave in a socially acceptable way within the student role and preparing them for their future roles as adults.

Question 13

Some functions of education are ___________, which are open, stated, and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution.

Accepted Answer

Manifest functions are the open, stated, and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution.

Question 14

__________ theorists believe that education is an important part of society because it contributes to social stability and provides people with an opportunity for selfenhancement and upward social mobility.

Accepted Answer

The statement refers to the functionalist perspective, which views education as serving the function of maintaining social order and providing individuals with opportunities for personal and social advancement.

Question 15

Studies reveal that nearly __________ of U.S. students admit to bullying others with some frequency.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that approximately one-fifth of U.S. students admit to bullying others with some frequency.

Question 16

Education is the social institution responsible for the systematic transmission of __________ within a formally organized structure.

Accepted Answer

Education is responsible for the systematic transmission of knowledge, skills, and cultural values within a formally organized structure, as stated in option A. While cultural values and beliefs are also important, they are not the only focus of education. Technical skills and training may be part of education, but they do not encompass the full scope of what education is responsible for transmitting. Similarly, while education involves the transmission of information and knowledge, it is not limited to this alone.

Question 17

A(n) __________ function in education includes teaching specific subjects, such as science, mathematics, reading, history, and English.

Accepted Answer

Manifest functions refer to the intended and recognized consequences of any social pattern, while latent functions are the unintended and often unrecognized consequences. Teaching specific subjects is a recognized and intended consequence of education, therefore it is a manifest function. The other options (extrinsic and intrinsic) refer to different concepts related to motivation or values, and do not apply in this case.

Question 18

Both religion and education___________________________.

Accepted Answer

Both religion and education play a crucial role in imparting values, beliefs, and knowledge to individuals and society, which contributes to the social reproduction of society and individual development.

Question 19

Education serves five major manifest functions in society, including __________.

Accepted Answer

Education's primary function is to transmit cultural values, beliefs, and knowledge from one generation to the next. The other options, such as providing childcare or organizing athletic events, are not essential functions of education but may be associated with educational institutions. Matchmaking and social networking are also not primary functions of education.

Question 20

Schools play an active part in the process of assimilation, whereby recent immigrants learn dominant values, attitudes, and behavior of society. This is an aspect of the manifest function of education referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The transmission of culture is the manifest function of education that involves teaching dominant values, attitudes, and behavior of society to recent immigrants to assimilate them into the society. Social placement is another manifest function that involves placing individuals into appropriate positions based on their abilities and qualifications. Social control involves regulating and enforcing norms and rules in society through education, among other means. Change and innovation refer to the latent function of education that involves promoting progress and development in society through research and experimentation.

Quiz 12: Education and Religion