Question 1

____________________% of the renal tissue can adequately perform all excretory and regulatory functions of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________% of the renal tissue can adequately...

Question 2

Match the renal function with the correct characteristic.
a.Movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
b.Movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
c.Everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
d.Movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood
-Urine excretion

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal function with the correct...

Question 3

The micturition reflex is initiated by stimulating ____________________ receptors in the bladder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The micturition reflex is initiated by stimulating...

Question 4

The _________________ center is located in the lowest region of the spinal cord and is solely responsible for events leading to emptying the bladder in infants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _________________ center is located in the...

Question 5

Match the renal function with the correct characteristic.
a.Movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
b.Movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
c.Everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
d.Movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood
-Tubular secretion

Accepted Answer

Tubular secretion refers to the movement of substances from the blood in the peritubular capillaries into the nephron tubules, which is a process involved in the excretion and regulation of substances in the body.

Question 6

Under normal conditions, ___________ is the only plasma protein that might be found in the urine, due to its small size, but it is rarely found in the urine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under normal conditions, ___________ is the only...

Question 7

The normal osmolarity of body fluids is ________ mOsm/liter.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The normal osmolarity of body fluids is...

Question 8

____________________ renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; ____________________ renal failure is slow, progressive, and irreversible.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ renal failure has a rapid onset...

Question 9

____________________ is the inability to prevent the discharge of urine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the inability to prevent the...

Question 10

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption.
a.Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
b.Sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
c.Sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle
-Plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, H₂O, Cl⁻, and urea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption.
a.Sodium...

Question 11

Each nephron consists of a ________ component and a __________ component.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each nephron consists of a ________ component...

Question 12

The presence of large perforated holes, called ___________, within glomerular endothelial cells allows the glomerulus to more easily filter the blood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The presence of large perforated holes, called...

Question 13

The force that favors filtration is the ___________ pressure, while the two forces that oppose filtration are the _____________ pressure and the ______________ pressure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The force that favors filtration is the...

Question 14

The combined vascular/tubular component of the nephron is called the _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The combined vascular/tubular component of the nephron...

Question 15

Substances enter renal tubules from the blood through the processes called ________________ and __________________; whereas, substance leave the kidney tubules and enter the blood through the process called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Substances enter renal tubules from the blood...

Question 16

Match the renal function with the correct characteristic.
a.Movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
b.Movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
c.Everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
d.Movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood
-Tubular reabsorption

Accepted Answer

Tubular reabsorption involves the passive transport of water and the active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into the peritubular capillaries.

Question 17

____________________ is an actively reabsorbed ion that does not have a tubular maximum for reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is an actively reabsorbed ion that...

Question 18

The two intrarenal mechanisms that contribute to autoregulation of the GFR are the ___________ mechanism and the ______________ mechanism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two intrarenal mechanisms that contribute to...

Question 19

The external urethral sphincter is reinforced by a skeletal muscle sheet called the ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The external urethral sphincter is reinforced by...

Question 20

Match the renal function with the correct characteristic.
a.Movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
b.Movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
c.Everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
d.Movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood
-Glomerular filtration

Accepted Answer

Glomerular filtration is the bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule in the kidney.

Answer: J
 A nephron is a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine.

Answer: M
 Tubular reabsorption in the kidney involves passive transport of water and active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into peritubular capillaries.

Answer: O
 Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a pituitary hormone that increases the reabsorption of water through aquaporins in the collecting duct of the kidney.

Answer: P
 Hemodialysis is a method of removing toxic substances from blood by circulating it through semipermeable tubes immersed in a solution.

Answer: L
 Aldosterone is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that increases sodium reabsorption in the kidney.

Note: None of the other answer choices are related to the process of glomerular filtration.

Quiz 14: The Urinary System

____________________% of the renal tissue can adequately perform all excretory and regulatory functions of the kidney.

The micturition reflex is initiated by stimulating ____________________ receptors in the bladder.

The _________________ center is located in the lowest region of the spinal cord and is solely responsible for events leading to emptying the bladder in infants.

Under normal conditions, ___________ is the only plasma protein that might be found in the urine, due to its small size, but it is rarely found in the urine.

The normal osmolarity of body fluids is ________ mOsm/liter.

renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; renal failure is slow, progressive, and irreversible.

____________________ is the inability to prevent the discharge of urine.

Each nephron consists of a component and a __ component.

The presence of large perforated holes, called ___________, within glomerular endothelial cells allows the glomerulus to more easily filter the blood.

The force that favors filtration is the _____ pressure, while the two forces that oppose filtration are the _ pressure and the ________ pressure.

The combined vascular/tubular component of the nephron is called the _______________.

Substances enter renal tubules from the blood through the processes called and ; whereas, substance leave the kidney tubules and enter the blood through the process called ______.

____________________ is an actively reabsorbed ion that does not have a tubular maximum for reabsorption.

The two intrarenal mechanisms that contribute to autoregulation of the GFR are the _ mechanism and the ____ mechanism.

The external urethral sphincter is reinforced by a skeletal muscle sheet called the ____________.