Question 1

A temporary, loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact is a:

Accepted Answer

A crowd refers to a temporary gathering of people who may or may not have a shared purpose or interaction. It is different from a group, which implies a sense of cohesion and interaction among its members. Category and population are not appropriate terms for this context.

Question 2

What do sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another?

Accepted Answer

Sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another a social group.

Question 3

Assume you are one of many people assembled at a university graduation ceremony. The term that best describes this gathering is a:

Accepted Answer

The gathering at the university graduation ceremony is a secondary group because the people are brought together due to a specific goal or purpose (i.e. graduating from university) and do not have strong emotional ties or long-lasting relationships with each other.

Question 4

Which of the following is the best example of a primary group?

Accepted Answer

A family that has gathered to celebrate a religious holiday is the best example of a primary group because primary groups are characterized by strong emotional ties, intimacy, and a sense of commitment. The family unit is the most common example of a primary group, where members share enduring personal relationships and have mutual influence over each other's lives.

Question 5

What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?

Accepted Answer

Instrumental leadership is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks. This type of leader focuses on achieving the goals of the group and may use various methods to ensure productivity and efficiency. They prioritize the task at hand over the emotional needs of group members.

Question 6

Read the list of traits below. Which of these traits is NOT a characteristic of secondary groups?

Accepted Answer

Personal orientation is a trait of primary groups, not secondary groups. Secondary groups are typically larger, have weaker emotional ties among members, and are often short-term in duration.

Question 7

In your group, the leader is skillful at using humor to reduce tension and to lighten serious moments. Which type of leader does your group have?

Accepted Answer

An expressive leader is one who uses humor, empathy, and warmth to create a positive atmosphere and build relationships within the group. They are often skilled at reducing tension and creating a sense of team spirit, making them well-suited to a variety of group contexts.

Question 8

The chapter-opening story of the McDonald's organization explains:

Accepted Answer

The chapter-opening story of McDonald's illustrates how its guiding principles, such as efficiency and standardization, have influenced and become prevalent in various aspects of society beyond just the fast-food industry.

Question 9

Which of the following is the best example of a secondary group?

Accepted Answer

A secondary group is characterized by large, impersonal, and goal-oriented relationships, often temporary. A Microsoft Corporation awards banquet fits this description as it involves formal, professional interactions.

Question 10

Why did Cooley refer to some groups as "primary groups"?

Accepted Answer

Cooley referred to some groups as "primary groups" because they are among the first groups we experience in life, they have primary importance in the socialization process, and they contain the people most important in our lives.

Question 11

Which type of leader encourages everyone in a group to have a say in what happens?

Accepted Answer

A democratic leader encourages participation from all members of the group and values the input and opinions of each person. This type of leader is more likely to facilitate open communication and collaboration, resulting in a more inclusive and cohesive group dynamic.

Question 12

Which type of leadership style takes charge of making decisions and makes sure people do what they are told?

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian leadership is characterized by a leader who takes charge of making decisions and expects subordinates to obey and follow instructions without questioning. The leader has complete control in decision-making and maintains a rigid hierarchy.

Question 13

Imagine you are watching several dozen passengers sitting in an airport gate area waiting to board a plane. These people are an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A crowd is a large number of individuals gathered together, typically in a public place, without a significant level of organization or lasting personal relationships, which fits the description of passengers waiting in an airport gate area.

Question 14

Charles Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships as:

Accepted Answer

Charles Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships as a primary group.

Question 15

You are part of a task force with a group leader who has a distant relationship with group members and who is concerned with getting the job done. Which type of leader does your task force have?

Accepted Answer

An instrumental leader is task-oriented and focused primarily on achieving goals, which aligns with the group leader's concern with getting the job done. The distant relationship with group members also indicates that this leader is not concerned with building relationships or addressing personal needs, which is typical of an instrumental leadership style.

Question 16

In general, we see the _______ as a means to an end we see the _____ as an end in itself.

Accepted Answer

Secondary groups are typically seen as a means to an end, focusing on achieving a specific goal or task, while primary groups are valued for their own sake, providing emotional support and a sense of belonging.

Question 17

What is the correct sociological term for all people with a common status, such as "college students."

Accepted Answer

The correct sociological term for all people with a common status, such as "college students" is a category. Categories refer to people who share a similar characteristic, such as age, gender, or occupation. A group, on the other hand, refers to individuals who interact with each other and share a sense of identity and belonging. A crowd refers to a relatively large group of people who are in close proximity to each other but may not necessarily interact, and a network refers to a group of individuals who are connected through various relationships and social ties.

Question 18

Which of the following is every society's most important primary group?

Accepted Answer

The family is considered to be every society's most important primary group as it provides the earliest and most intimate socialization experience for an individual. Families teach an individual about values, norms, roles, and how to interact with others. It also helps individuals to develop a sense of self and personal identity. While peer groups, work groups, and playgroups are important for socialization, none of them can replace the importance of the family unit.

Question 19

Which concept refers to group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being?

Accepted Answer

Expressive leadership emphasizes the group's well-being, cohesion, and morale. The leader is seen as a nurturing and supportive figure who tries to create a positive work environment in which members feel valued and supported. This style is often associated with democratic or participatory leadership, where decisions are made through collaboration and discussion among group members.

Question 20

A secondary group is a social group that:

Accepted Answer

A secondary group is a group that is impersonal and engages in some specific activity or goal. Examples include clubs, organizations, and work groups. They are typically larger and less personal than primary groups, which are based on intimate, face-to-face interactions.

Quiz 7: Groups and Organizations