When researchers are using primary source materials, they first must determine if the document or artifact is authentic and valid. What is this process called?

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The process of determining if a document or artifact is authentic and valid is called external criticism. This involves examining the source's provenance, physical characteristics, and context to verify its authenticity and accuracy. Internal criticism, on the other hand, involves analyzing the content of a source to assess its reliability and bias. Analysis and identification are related processes but do not specifically refer to the process of validating primary source materials.

When Researchers Are Using Primary Source Materials, They First Must