Question 1

According to ________, suffering originates in people's desires for pleasure.

Accepted Answer

According to Buddhism, suffering originates in people's desires for pleasure. Cessation of suffering can be achieved by following a path for transformation.

Question 2

Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born?

Accepted Answer

The term social mobility refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born. Social mobility varies significantly from society to society. The most rigid system of stratification is a caste system.

Question 3

A ________ is a less rigid form of social stratification in which social mobility is possible.

Accepted Answer

A class system is a less rigid form of social stratification in which social mobility is possible.

Question 4

Max Weber theorized that there was a relationship between Protestantism and the emergence of modern capitalism because

Accepted Answer

Weber argued that Protestant ethics emphasize the importance of hard work and wealth creation (for the glory of God) and frugality (abstinence from worldly pleasures). According to Weber, this kind of value system was needed to facilitate the development of capitalism.

Question 5

A ________ is an association of two or more individuals who have a shared sense of identity and who interact with each other in structured ways on the basis of a common set of expectations about each other's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A group is an association of two or more individuals who have a shared sense of identity and who interact with each other in structured ways on the basis of a common set of expectations about each other's behavior.

Question 6

Mores are

Accepted Answer

Mores is a term that refers to norms that are more widely observed, have greater moral significance than other norms, and are central to the functioning of a society and to its social life. Accordingly, violating mores can bring serious retribution.

Question 7

Max Weber was a German sociologist who, in 1904, made the connection between ________ and "the spirit of capitalism."

Accepted Answer

Max Weber was a German sociologist who, in 1904, made the connection between Protestant ethics and "the spirit of capitalism."

Question 8

The concept of mobility between castes within an individual's lifetime

Accepted Answer

Historically, Hinduism supported India's caste system. The concept of mobility between castes within an individual's lifetime makes no sense to traditional Hindus. Hindus see mobility between castes as something that is achieved through spiritual progression and reincarnation. An individual can be reborn into a higher caste in his or her next life if he or she achieves spiritual development in this life.

Question 9

A society's social structure refers to its

Accepted Answer

A society's social structure refers to its basic social organization.

Question 10

Hindus believe

Accepted Answer

Hindus believe in reincarnation, or rebirth into a different body, after death. Hindus also believe in karma, the spiritual progression of each person's soul.

Question 11

Ethical systems are

Accepted Answer

Ethical systems refer to a set of moral principles, or values, that are used to guide and shape behavior.

Question 12

The social organization of Western society tends to emphasize on

Accepted Answer

In general, Western societies tend to emphasize the importance of the individual, whereas groups tend to figure much larger in many other societies.

Question 13

Religion may be defined as

Accepted Answer

Religion may be defined as a system of shared beliefs and rituals that are concerned with the realm of the sacred.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true about a class system?

Accepted Answer

A class system is a less rigid form of social stratification in which social mobility is possible. While many societies have class systems, social mobility within a class system varies from society to society.

Question 15

A major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism is that unlike Hinduism, Buddhism

Accepted Answer

Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism does not support the caste system. Nor does Buddhism advocate the kind of extreme ascetic behavior that is encouraged by Hinduism.

Question 16

Hinduism and Buddhism both stress the importance of

Accepted Answer

Hinduism and Buddhism both stress the importance of the afterlife.

Question 17

Brad has been in trouble his whole life. He stole from the local hardware store when he was 12, and as an adult he didn't feel the need to be faithful to his wife. Brad is guilty of violating

Accepted Answer

Mores is a term that refers to norms that are more widely observed, have greater moral significance than other norms, and are central to the functioning of a society and to its social life. Accordingly, violating mores can bring serious retribution.

Question 18

Which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime?

Accepted Answer

A caste system is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime.

Question 19

________ are typically defined on the basis of characteristics such as family background, occupation, and income.

Accepted Answer

All societies are stratified on a hierarchical basis into social categories-that is, into social strata. These strata are typically defined on the basis of socioeconomic characteristics such as family background, occupation, and income.

Question 20

A caste system differs from a class system because

Accepted Answer

A caste system is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime. A class system is a form of open stratification in which the position a person has by birth can be changed through his or her own achievements or luck.

Quiz 4: Differences in Culture

According to ________, suffering originates in people's desires for pleasure.

Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born?

A ________ is a less rigid form of social stratification in which social mobility is possible.

Max Weber theorized that there was a relationship between Protestantism and the emergence of modern capitalism because

A ________ is an association of two or more individuals who have a shared sense of identity and who interact with each other in structured ways on the basis of a common set of expectations about each other's behavior.

Mores are

Max Weber was a German sociologist who, in 1904, made the connection between ________ and "the spirit of capitalism."

The concept of mobility between castes within an individual's lifetime

A society's social structure refers to its

Hindus believe

Ethical systems are

The social organization of Western society tends to emphasize on

Religion may be defined as

Which of the following statements is true about a class system?

A major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism is that unlike Hinduism, Buddhism

Hinduism and Buddhism both stress the importance of

Brad has been in trouble his whole life. He stole from the local hardware store when he was 12, and as an adult he didn't feel the need to be faithful to his wife. Brad is guilty of violating

Which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime?

________ are typically defined on the basis of characteristics such as family background, occupation, and income.

A caste system differs from a class system because