Question 1

Antivirals are not virucidal;they are virustatic.

Accepted Answer

Antivirals do not destroy viruses;they are virustatic.

Question 2

Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and is an ingredient in the triple antiretroviral therapy that combines abacavir with AZT and _____.

Accepted Answer

Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.It is an ingredient in the triple antiretroviral therapy that combines abacavir with AZT and lamivudine.

Question 3

Effective treatment of viral infections is dependent upon _____ factors.

Accepted Answer

Effective treatment of viral infections is dependent upon host factors,virus factors,and drug factors.

Question 4

All of the following are classes of antiretrovirals except _____.

Accepted Answer

Antiretrovirals fall into four classes: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs);non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs);protease inhibitors (PIs);and fusion inhibitors.

Question 5

Antiviral medications are effective against all viruses.

Accepted Answer

Antivirals are only effective against a specific virus.

Question 6

The only drug in the fusion inhibitor class is _____.

Accepted Answer

Fusion inhibitors are the latest medicines in the arsenal of antiretrovirals to treat HIV infection.Enfuvirtide is currently the only drug in this class.

Question 7

There are eight steps in the HIV life cycle.

Accepted Answer

There are indeed eight steps in the HIV life cycle: attachment, entry, uncoating, reverse transcription, integration, transcription, assembly, and budding.

Question 8

The mechanism of action of which drug used to treat RSV is not completely understood,but it is believed that the drug increases the mutation rate of the virus leading to a growing number of viruses unable to replicate?

Accepted Answer

Ribavirin is indicated for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).The mechanism of action is not completely understood,but it is believed that the drug increases the mutation rate of the virus leading to a growing number of viruses unable to replicate.

Question 9

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classes.
a.PEG-intron
b.non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
c.acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analog
d.nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
e.neuraminidase inhibitor
f.protease inhibitor
-interferon

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classes.
a.PEG-intron
b.non-nucleotide...

Question 10

The importance of treating herpes simplex virus is the timing of initiation of drug therapy.Severity of the infection and symptoms are reduced only when antiviral therapy is initiated within the first _____ hours of exposure to the virus or onset of symptoms.

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex (HSV-1,HSV-2)is an example of a virus that demonstrates the importance of timing as related to initiation of drug therapy.Severity of the infection and symptoms are reduced only when antiviral therapy is initiated within the first 24-48 hours of exposure to the virus or onset of symptoms.

Question 11

Interferons are classified as antiviral agents.

Accepted Answer

Interferons may also be produced by recombinant DNA technology.They are not technically antiviral agents.

Question 12

A good choice of medication therapy for patients with HIV and HBV co-infections is _____.

Accepted Answer

Lamivudine also inhibits replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV).It is a good choice of therapy for individuals that have HIV and HBV co-infections.

Question 13

The FDA requires the manufacturer of _____ to provide a black box warning in the package labeling regarding reports of fatal and non-fatal intracranial hemorrhage.

Accepted Answer

The FDA requires the manufacturer of tipranavir to provide a black box warning in the package labeling regarding reports of fatal and non-fatal intracranial hemorrhage.

Question 14

_____ is associated with fatal liver toxicity and the FDA has required changes in the package labeling to warn of this adverse effect.

Accepted Answer

Nevirapine is associated with fatal liver toxicity and the FDA has required changes in the package labeling to warn of this adverse effect.

Question 15

Efavirenz is teratogenic and classified in pregnancy category _____.

Accepted Answer

Efavirenz is teratogenic and classified in pregnancy category D.The drug should not be administered in the first trimester of pregnancy and women should be advised to avoid pregnancy.

Question 16

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).The virus attacks _____and weakens the immune system.

Accepted Answer

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).The virus attacks CD4 T lymphocytes and weakens the immune system.

Question 17

AIDs "cocktails" are made up of _____ or more medications.

Accepted Answer

To reduce antiviral resistance,Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART),a combination of three or more medications in a regimen or AIDS "cocktails" are prescribed.

Question 18

Antiretroviral therapy is a life-long commitment and requires strict adherence to treatment regimens.

Accepted Answer

Antiretroviral therapy is a life-long commitment and requires strict adherence to treatment regimens

Question 19

Which drug is not FDA approved,but is used for the treatment of herpes infections?

Accepted Answer

Cidofovir is indicated for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis.It is used for the treatment of herpes infections although not FDA approved for this condition.

Question 20

Which of the following drugs is used to treat influenza A?

Accepted Answer

Amantadine and rimantidine are used for the prevention and treatment of influenza A.

Quiz 36: Treatment of Viral Infections