Question 1

Joanne follows a set of standards for what is right and wrong in her conduct.These set of standards refer to

Accepted Answer

The set of standards that Joanne follows for what is right and wrong in her conduct refers to ethics. Laws are rules and regulations set by the government. Policies are guidelines set by organizations for their employees to follow. Practices refer to the way things are commonly done in a specific field or industry.

Question 2

Which of these describes personal beliefs such as honesty,caring,and integrity?

Accepted Answer

Personal beliefs such as honesty, caring, and integrity are typically considered values. Beliefs refer to one's convictions or acceptance of certain concepts or ideas, while ethics often refers to a set of principles or standards that guide behavior in a particular profession or context. Ideas are more general and can encompass beliefs, values, or other types of concepts.

Question 3

The belief that ethical behavior advances long term self-interests is called the __________ view.

Accepted Answer

The individualism view holds that ethical behavior ultimately benefits the self-interest of individuals, and that engaging in ethical behavior is therefore rational and prudent. This view emphasizes the importance of individual rights, choices, and freedoms, and considers moral actions that enhance one's own welfare as the primary basis for ethical behavior.

Question 4

Amanda,a high school student,wants to be president of a company someday,but she also wants to raise a family and enjoy recreational activities.Amanda is focused on which of these?

Accepted Answer

Terminal values refer to desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve during their lifetime, such as a successful career, family life, and personal enjoyment. Amanda's aspirations fit this description.

Question 5

The belief that ethical behavior treats all people impartially and fairly is called the __________ view.

Accepted Answer

The belief that ethical behavior treats all people impartially and fairly is a key tenet of the justice view. The individual view would prioritize the needs and desires of the individual over the group, the fair view could apply to various concepts of fairness, while the moral rights view would focus on upholding certain inherent rights or values.

Question 6

Which justice focuses on the fair application of policies and rules to all?

Accepted Answer

Procedural justice focuses on the fair application of policies and rules to all, ensuring that the process followed is fair and impartial. This type of justice emphasizes how decisions are made, rather than the outcome of those decisions.

Question 7

Pet Products,Inc.has been hit hard by the latest recession.The president has ordered a 10% reduction in the workforce across the board.This decision might be justified as ethical using the __________ approach to moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

The utilitarian approach to moral reasoning justifies actions based on their ability to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people. In this scenario, reducing the workforce by 10% might be seen as a necessary action to ensure the survival of the company and protect the jobs of the remaining 90% of employees, thus aiming for the greatest overall benefit despite the negative impact on those laid off.

Question 8

Lewis is a department manager.Some of those who report to him are his after work buddies.Because of this,Lewis often lets his buddies violate department policies while insisting that others follow them.John is guilty of not adhering to the __________ view of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

John is failing to consider the justice view of moral reasoning, which holds that rules and policies should be applied equally and fairly to all individuals. By allowing his buddies to violate department policies while enforcing them on others, Lewis is clearly not behaving justly, and John is not recognizing this as a moral problem. The other views of moral reasoning (moral rights, protective, and utilitarian) do not necessarily address issues of fairness in the application of rules and policies.

Question 9

The belief that ethical behavior respects and protects fundamental rights is called the __________ view.

Accepted Answer

The moral rights view holds that ethical behavior is guided by the respect and protection of fundamental rights. This means that actions are evaluated based on whether they respect the rights of all people involved, such as the right to life, liberty, and privacy. This view emphasizes the importance of treating people as ends in themselves, rather than merely as means to an end or for the greater good.

Question 10

Susan is a business unit manager at Garden Tools,Inc.She has inadvertently come across a competitor's business plan.Susan's first thought is to keep it and use it against the competitor.However,she returns it without looking at it because she feels that long term it is not in her best interest.Susan can be described as having which of these views of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Susan's decision to return the business plan without using it against the competitor reflects an individualism view of moral reasoning, where she considers her long-term self-interest and integrity over short-term gains.

Question 11

__________ justice is the degree to which others are treated with respect.

Accepted Answer

Interactional justice refers to the degree to which others are treated with respect, dignity, and courtesy. It focuses on the quality of interpersonal treatment that people receive from those who make decisions that affect them. Utilitarian justice is concerned with maximizing overall good, distributive justice is concerned with the fair distribution of resources and benefits, and moral rights justice is focused on protecting the fundamental rights and dignity of individuals.

Question 12

Cody is graduating from college and is looking for a position as a first line production manager and would like to become the president someday.He knows what he wants to do in the future,but he also wants to work for a firm with a culture that matches his personal values.This is an example of __________ values.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental values reflect beliefs about desirable modes of behavior, such as honesty, integrity, and fairness. Cody is looking for a company with a culture that matches his personal values, indicating that he prioritizes how the company operates and treats its employees rather than just its ultimate goals (terminal values). Cody's focus on personal values suggests an emphasis on instrumental values.

Question 13

__________ justice focuses on treating people fairly regardless of personal characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ justice focuses on treating people fairly...

Question 14

Jermaine argues for increasing the dues for their student organization in order to keep the club solvent,even though some of the members might not be able to afford the increase.He is taking the __________ approach to moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Jermaine is taking a utilitarian approach to moral reasoning because he is considering the overall welfare and benefit of the entire student organization rather than the individual members who cannot afford the increase. He believes that increasing the dues is necessary for the club's survival and success.

Question 15

Which of these is "right" or "good" in the context of a governing moral code?

Accepted Answer

"Ethical behavior" refers to behavior that follows a set of moral principles or values. In the context of a governing moral code, it is important for individuals, managers, and the government to act ethically. Legal behavior may not always be ethical, and individual and management behavior may vary in terms of ethical standards. Therefore, "ethical behavior" is the most appropriate choice.

Question 16

Broad beliefs about what is appropriate behavior are called __________.

Accepted Answer

Values are broad beliefs about what is appropriate behavior. Judgment refers to the ability to make decisions or form opinions. Ethics are principles of conduct governing an individual or group. Laws are formal rules and regulations enforced by a governing authority.

Question 17

As a student,if you believe that good grades are obtained through good study habits or luck in getting the "right" test questions or sitting beside "smart" friends,you prescribe to which of these?

Accepted Answer

The belief that good grades are obtained through good study habits or luck in getting the "right" test questions or sitting beside "smart" friends suggests the belief in instrumental values, which are values that are desirable because of the outcomes they lead to, such as good grades in this case.

Question 18

Susan has certain preferences about desired end states.These preferences are referred to as ____ values.

Accepted Answer

Terminal values refer to desired end states or outcomes that individuals seek to achieve in life. Examples of terminal values include happiness, family security, and self-fulfillment.

Question 19

__________ values are preferences regarding the means to a desired end.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental values refer to the means to achieve a desired outcome or end goal. Ethical values are concerned with what is morally right or wrong. Terminal values are the ultimate goals or end states that a person strives to achieve. Righteous values are closely related to ethical values and refer to a sense of what is right or just. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 20

The __________ view considers ethical behavior to be that which delivers the greatest good to the greatest number of people.

Accepted Answer

The utilitarian view defines ethical behavior as that which produces the greatest amount of good or happiness for the greatest number of people. This approach prioritizes outcomes or consequences over individual rights or justice, and focuses on achieving the greatest overall benefit for society as a whole.

Quiz 3: Ethics and Social Responsibility