Question 1

Personalized family planning was initiated in the Matlab region of Bangladesh in the late 1970s; 20 years later,the region experienced all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The Matlab experiment in Bangladesh demonstrated that access to family planning led to fewer and healthier children, with greater spacing between them, and contributed to greater prosperity in the region. There is no evidence to suggest that it caused greater difficulty in conceiving children; this outcome was not a reported effect of the family planning initiative.

Question 2

The total fertility rate in Nigeria was 5.7 in 2009.This means that:

Accepted Answer

The total fertility rate refers to the average number of children that a woman will bear during her reproductive years, given the prevailing age-specific fertility rates. Therefore, the best choice is D. A and B are incorrect because the total fertility rate is not based on the population of women in general or of childbearing age. C is incorrect because the total fertility rate is specific to women, not the general population.

Question 3

By 2008,Finland had reached the fourth stage of its demographic transition,in which its population growth had fallen close to:

Accepted Answer

The fourth stage of the demographic transition is characterized by a very low birth rate and a very low death rate, resulting in little to no population growth. Therefore, the closest answer is C, which indicates 0 percent population growth.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a lesson learned from China's family planning policy?

Accepted Answer

The lesson learned from China's family planning policy is that economic growth can lead to a decline in population growth but may also have consequences such as gender imbalance. However, the policy's success does not necessarily mean that other nations can replicate it, as cultural and political factors may differ.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a "school of thought" on population and development?

Accepted Answer

The term "population reactionism" is not commonly used in the context of population and development as a distinct school of thought. Instead, the three commonly recognized schools of thought on this topic are population optimism, population revisionism, and population pessimism.

Question 6

IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be used individually as short-answer identification questions, or they can be used in pairs. In the latter case, ask students to explain (1) the meaning and significance of each of the two terms and (2) the relationship between them.
-Crude birth rate,total fertility rate

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be...

Question 7

As the twenty-first century moves forward,many nations in which area of the world will continue to face high fertility and the burdens (and opportunities)of a young population?

Accepted Answer

Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to have the highest fertility rates in the world for the rest of the twenty-first century. This region also has a very young population and will face both opportunities and challenges in providing for the needs of such a large youth population.

Question 8

China's decline in population over the past generation can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

While government population policies, increased urbanization, and rapid economic growth have contributed to China's decline in population, the revival of the principles of Confucius and "social responsibility" is not a factor.

Question 9

The three reproductive norms promoted in China's wan xi shao program after 1971 included which of the following elements?

Accepted Answer

The three reproductive norms promoted in China's wan xi shao program after 1971 included longer spacing between births, limiting the number of children per family, and promoting the use of contraception. Option B was part of the previous program, the Two-Child Policy. Option C is not a part of the reproductive norms promoted in the wan xi shao program. Option D was not promoted by the program either, although China did later implement a One-Child Policy.

Question 10

Most analysts still believe which of the following positions?

Accepted Answer

The statement "slower population growth would permit per capita income to rise more rapidly in nearly all developing countries" is widely accepted by most analysts as it has been demonstrated by various studies and empirical evidence. The other options are either untrue or not widely accepted by economists and analysts.

Question 11

Which of the following statements are true about total fertility rates over the past 40 years?

Accepted Answer

Low-income countries have higher rates of population growth, which means their total fertility rates are generally higher. Option A is incorrect because there is no clear association between population growth and economic growth. Option B is also incorrect because low-income countries typically have high dependency ratios due to their young population.

Question 12

Gary Becker's pioneering work was actually directed at:

Accepted Answer

Gary Becker's pioneering work was focused on understanding the declining fertility levels in high-income economies like the United States. He developed the economic theory of fertility, which argued that people make rational choices about the number of children they have based on the costs and benefits involved. His work paved the way for the economic analysis of demographic behavior and fertility decision-making.

Question 13

World population will continue to grow over the next 50 years for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Total fertility rates in all countries will not necessarily remain above their replacement levels. Many developed countries already have fertility rates below replacement level, and some developing countries are also seeing declines in fertility rates. This trend may continue or even spread, thus D is not a reason for continued population growth.

Question 14

IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be used individually as short-answer identification questions, or they can be used in pairs. In the latter case, ask students to explain (1) the meaning and significance of each of the two terms and (2) the relationship between them.
-Rate of natural increase,decline in fertility

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be...

Question 15

IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be used individually as short-answer identification questions, or they can be used in pairs. In the latter case, ask students to explain (1) the meaning and significance of each of the two terms and (2) the relationship between them.
-Dependency ratio,asset accumulation

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be...

Question 16

In 2009,approximately what percentage of the population lived in low-income countries?

Accepted Answer

In 2009, approximately 84% of the population lived in low-income countries.

Question 17

IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be used individually as short-answer identification questions, or they can be used in pairs. In the latter case, ask students to explain (1) the meaning and significance of each of the two terms and (2) the relationship between them.
-Crude death rate,demographic transition

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDs and Paired-Concept Questions
These terms can be...

Question 18

According to United Nations' medium projections,population growth in the developing nations of the world will number some 2 billion more over the next:

Accepted Answer

According to United Nations' medium projections, the population growth in the developing nations of the world is expected to increase by approximately 2 billion more over the next 40 years. This projection takes into account factors such as current population trends, birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns.

Question 19

One direct implication of the view that childbearing decisions are influenced by economic benefits and costs is that:

Accepted Answer

The view that childbearing decisions are influenced by economic benefits and costs suggests that as women have better job opportunities outside the home, the cost of having children in terms of lost earnings increases. Therefore, fertility should fall with improved opportunities for women to work in jobs outside the home. Option A is incorrect because people may have children for non-economic reasons, such as social and cultural factors. Option B is incorrect because social factors can indeed influence childbearing decisions, but those social factors may also have economic components. Option C is incorrect because compulsory education may increase each child's human capital, but it does not necessarily raise their prospective earnings. Furthermore, even if it did, it is unclear whether this would increase or decrease fertility.

Question 20

By missing women,economists mean:

Accepted Answer

Missing women refer to females who were not born due to the cultural preference for male children. In some communities, female feticide and infanticide are still practiced, leading to a skewed sex ratio at birth. This phenomenon is referred to as missing women because it denotes the number of women that a society could have had but didn't because of discrimination against females.

Quiz 7: Population

Personalized family planning was initiated in the Matlab region of Bangladesh in the late 1970s; 20 years later,the region experienced all of the following EXCEPT:

The total fertility rate in Nigeria was 5.7 in 2009.This means that:

By 2008,Finland had reached the fourth stage of its demographic transition,in which its population growth had fallen close to:

Which of the following is NOT a lesson learned from China's family planning policy?

Which of the following is NOT considered a "school of thought" on population and development?

As the twenty-first century moves forward,many nations in which area of the world will continue to face high fertility and the burdens (and opportunities) of a young population?

China's decline in population over the past generation can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT:

The three reproductive norms promoted in China's wan xi shao program after 1971 included which of the following elements?

Most analysts still believe which of the following positions?

Which of the following statements are true about total fertility rates over the past 40 years?

Gary Becker's pioneering work was actually directed at:

World population will continue to grow over the next 50 years for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

In 2009,approximately what percentage of the population lived in low-income countries?

According to United Nations' medium projections,population growth in the developing nations of the world will number some 2 billion more over the next:

One direct implication of the view that childbearing decisions are influenced by economic benefits and costs is that:

By missing women,economists mean: