Question 1

The exact cause of preterm labor is unknown and believed to be multifactorial. Infection is thought to be a major factor in many preterm labors. Select the type of infection that has not been linked to preterm births:

Accepted Answer

The infections that increase the risk of preterm labor and birth are all bacterial in nature. They include cervical,urinary tract,periodontal,and other bacterial infections. Therefore it is important for the client to participate in early,continual,and comprehensive prenatal care. Recent evidence has shown a link between periodontal infections and preterm labor. Researchers recommend regular dental care before and during pregnancy,oral assessment as a routine part of prenatal care,and scrupulous oral hygiene to prevent infection. Cervical infections of a bacterial nature have been linked to preterm labor and birth. The presence of urinary tract infections increases the risk of preterm labor and birth.

Question 2

With regard to the process of augmentation of labor,the nurse should be aware that it:

Accepted Answer

Augmentation is part of the active management of labor that stimulates uterine contractions after labor has started but is not progressing satisfactorily. Augmentation uses amniotomy and oxytocin infusion,as well as some gentler,noninvasive methods. Forceps-assisted births and vacuum-assisted births come at the end of labor and are not part of augmentation.

Question 3

Approximately 50% of all women who give birth prematurely have no identifiable risk factors,and about 50% of preterm births could not be prevented.

Accepted Answer

No risk screening system has resulted in lowering of the preterm birth rate in the United States. About 25% of preterm births are intentional for health reasons,and about 25% happen because of spontaneous rupture of the membranes.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a client in the active phase of labor. The woman's bag of waters spontaneously ruptures. Suddenly the woman complains of dyspnea and appears restless and cyanotic. In addition,she becomes hypotensive and tachycardic. The nurse immediately suspects the presence of:__________________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is caring for a client...

Question 5

The nurse recognizes that uterine hyperstimulation with oxytocin requires emergency interventions. What clinical cues would alert the nurse that the woman is experiencing uterine hyperstimulation? Choose all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Uterine contractions that occur less than 2 minutes apart and last more than 90 seconds,a uterine tone of over 20 mm Hg,and a nonreassuring FHR and pattern are all indications of uterine hyperstimulation with oxytocin administration. Uterine contractions that occur more than 2 minutes apart and last less than 90 seconds are the expected goal of oxytocin induction. A uterine tone of less than 20 mm Hg is normal.

Question 6

Complications and risks associated with cesarean births include (choose all that apply):

Accepted Answer

All of these are possible complications and risks associated with cesarean section.

Question 7

With regard to the process of inducing labor,nurses should be aware that:

Accepted Answer

Using balloon catheters or laminaria tents are mechanical means of ripening the cervix. Ripening the cervix,making it softer and thinner,increases the success rate of induced labor. Prostaglandin E₁ is less expensive and more effective than oxytocin but carries a greater risk. Amniotomy is the artificial rupture of membranes,which is used to induce labor only when the cervix is already ripe.

Question 8

With regard to the psychologic complications and risks of forced cesarean births,nurses should be aware that:

Accepted Answer

The sexual worries may be exaggerated,but couples still have them. Fears about extra costs do have a foundation. Cesarean birth and aftercare are more expensive.Often women who deliver by cesarean section experience a delay in their ability to interact with their newborns,and they are less likely to breastfeed. The psychologic outcomes of unplanned cesarean birth are usually more pronounced and negative than those associated with scheduled procedures.

Question 9

____________________ is defined as long,difficult,or abnormal labor. It is caused by various conditions associated with the five factors affecting labor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is defined as long,difficult,or abnormal labor....

Question 10

Nurses should be aware that the induction of labor:

Accepted Answer

Induction of labor is likely to be more successful with a Bishop score of 9 or higher for first-time mothers and 5 or higher for veterans. Version is turning of the fetus to a better position by a physician for an easier or safer birth. A trial of labor is the observance of a woman and her fetus for several hours of active labor to assess the safety of vaginal birth. Two thirds of cases of induced labor are elective and not done for medical reasons.

Question 11

The nurse providing care to a woman in labor should be aware that cesarean birth:

Accepted Answer

The most common indications for cesarean birth are danger to the fetus related to labor and birth complications. Cesarean births are increasing in the United States in this century. Wealthier women who have health insurance and who give birth in a private hospital are more likely to experience cesarean birth. A woman's right to elect cesarean surgery is in dispute,as is her right to refuse it if in doing so she endangers the fetus. Legal issues are not absolutely clear.

Quiz 19: Labor and Birth at Risk