All of the Following Statements About Overt Consumer Behavior Are

All of the following statements about overt consumer behavior are true EXCEPT:

A) unlike covert behavior influences, overt behavior is a simple phenomenon.
B) overt behavior may be analyzed at many levels.
C) overt behavior can be observed directly and does not need to be inferred.
D) the impact of affect/cognitive influences upon behavior is not clearly understood.
E) the success of marketing strategies depends on changing overt behavior.