Question 1

To minimize the invasion of privacy,users should be able to review their records and correct any inaccuracies.

Accepted Answer

Allowing users to review and correct their records is a common practice to protect their privacy rights and ensure data accuracy. This principle is enshrined in many privacy laws and regulations worldwide, such as the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or the US Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). By giving users control over their personal information, organizations can foster trust, transparency, and accountability in their data practices.

Question 2

Cybersquatting has created decency concerns,because these e-mails often contain explicit language or nudity and can be opened by children.

Accepted Answer

Cybersquatting refers to the practice of registering domain names similar to well-known brands or trademarks to profit from them, not to sending explicit emails.

Question 3

Copyright laws do not cover online materials.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Online materials are subject to copyright laws, just like any other form of intellectual property.

Question 4

Junk e-mail is also known as a cookie.

Accepted Answer

Junk e-mail is not known as a cookie. A cookie is a small text file that a website saves on a user's computer or mobile device when they visit the site.

Question 5

Ergonomics experts believe that using better-designed furniture can solve many of the health problems arising from information technology.

Accepted Answer

Ergonomics experts recommend the use of better-designed furniture to prevent health problems like back and muscle pain, eyestrain, and fatigue caused by extended use of information technology equipment like computers and smartphones.

Question 6

Even a small response for a spam is a worthwhile return on the investment because sending spam e-mails is inexpensive.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. Spammers send out thousands or millions of emails at a time, typically for a very low cost. Therefore, even if only a small percentage of recipients respond to the email, it can still result in a worthwhile return on investment for the spammer.

Question 7

Information technologies have decreased the ease of access to information for hackers as well as for legitimate organizations.

Accepted Answer

Information technologies have made information more accessible and easily transferable, which has also increased the risk of unauthorized access by hackers. However, organizations have also implemented various security measures to protect their information from such attacks.

Question 8

Green computing helps an organization save on energy costs.

Accepted Answer

Green computing focuses on reducing energy consumption and increasing energy efficiency, which ultimately leads to savings on energy costs for an organization.

Question 9

To minimize the invasion of privacy,any organization creating,maintaining,using,or disseminating records of personal data must ensure the data's _____.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the accuracy and consistency of the data, and is important in minimizing the risk of errors or inaccuracies that could compromise an individual's privacy. Duplicability, adaptability, and instability are not relevant factors for protecting privacy in this context.

Question 10

Log files make it possible for Web sites to customize pages for users.

Accepted Answer

Log files record user activity on a website, but they do not directly customize pages. Customization is typically done using cookies or server-side scripts that use log data.

Question 11

One of the ways in which green computing can be achieved is by replacing meetings over computer networks with actual face-to-face meetings.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. Green computing can be achieved through various ways, such as using energy-efficient hardware, virtual meetings instead of traveling for meetings, cloud computing, and utilizing renewable energy sources. Actual face-to-face meetings require transportation, which can increase carbon emissions and have a negative impact on the environment.

Question 12

In the context of Web and network privacy,an acceptable use policy is _____.

Accepted Answer

An acceptable use policy is a set of rules that specify the legal and ethical use of a system and the consequences of noncompliance. It outlines the acceptable and unacceptable behavior of users of a system or network, and helps to protect the organization from misuse or abuse of its resources. AUPs are commonly used in workplaces, schools, and other settings to govern the use of technology and ensure that users understand their responsibilities and obligations.

Question 13

Information in databases can be cross-matched to create profiles of people and predict their behavior,based on their transactions with educational,financial,and government institutions.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true as cross-matching data from different databases can generate a comprehensive profile of an individual's activities, interactions, and behavior. This information can be utilized to improve services, enhance security measures, and predict future actions. However, it also raises ethical questions regarding privacy and data security.

Question 14

Private information on the Web-what is posted by a person-is not subject to censorship because of the person's constitutional freedom of expression.

Accepted Answer

The constitutional freedom of expression protects private information posted on the web, and therefore it is not subject to censorship. However, there may be certain exceptions to this rule, such as in cases of illegal activities or national security concerns.

Question 15

Information technologies have led to job deskilling.

Accepted Answer

With the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence, many routine tasks previously performed by workers are being automated or outsourced, leading to job deskilling.

Question 16

A patent protects product names and identifying marks.

Accepted Answer

A patent actually protects inventions and processes, not product names and identifying marks. Trademarks and service marks are the ones that protect names and marks associated with products and services.

Question 17

Log files are small text files with unique ID tags that are embedded in a Web browser and saved on the user's hard drive.

Accepted Answer

Log files are records of events or activities generated by software or hardware, while the description provided refers to cookies, which are small text files with unique ID tags saved on a user's hard drive by a web browser.

Question 18

To minimize the invasion of privacy,organizations should keep collected information only as long as it is _____.

Accepted Answer

Organizations should only keep collected information as long as it is needed for the stated purpose to minimize the invasion of privacy. Once the purpose has been fulfilled, the information should be properly disposed of or deleted. Keeping information for longer than necessary poses a risk to individuals' privacy and can potentially be used for unauthorized purposes.

Question 19

In the context of Web and network privacy,_____ is a method for binding all the parties to a contract.

Accepted Answer

Nonrepudiation is a method for ensuring that all parties to a contract cannot deny that they have agreed to the terms of the contract. This is important in the context of Web and network privacy, as it helps to ensure that all parties are held accountable for their actions and cannot claim that they did not agree to certain terms or obligations. Phishing is a form of cyber attack aimed at stealing personal information, cybersquatting involves the registration of domain names in bad faith, and encapsulation is a method of hiding the details of how data is transmitted within a network. None of these options are related to ensuring the binding of parties to a contract.

Question 20

In the context of Web and network privacy,_____ refers to issues involving both the user's and the organization's responsibilities and liabilities.

Accepted Answer

Accountability refers to the responsibility and liability of both the user and the organization to protect the privacy of data and users on the web and network. It includes issues like ensuring secure connections, protecting sensitive information, and adhering to privacy policies and regulations. Phishing, nonrepudiation, and spoofing are all specific tactics or concepts related to web and network privacy, but accountability encompasses them all as a broader concept.

Quiz 4: Personal,Legal,Ethical,and Organizational Issues of Information Systems