Question 1

__________ results in fruity-smelling breath.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ results in fruity-smelling breath....

Question 2

Diabetic __________ is the leading cause of renal failure in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diabetic __________ is the leading cause of...

Question 3

__________ goiters occur because of lack of iodine in the diet in specific geographic locations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ goiters occur because of lack of...

Question 4

Which of the following is an intermediate-acting insulin that is taken at bedtime to prevent nighttime drops in blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

NPH insulin has an effective action of 10 to 16 hours.

Question 5

The greatest risk for infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes is:

Accepted Answer

With GD, the infant receives elevated levels of glucose from the mother; consequently the infant may become very large and have other system complications.

Question 6

Diabetic retinopathy occurs because of which factor?

Accepted Answer

Repeated episodes of hyperglycemia over time damage the blood vessels of the retina.

Question 7

Patients with diabetes mellitus must be very careful about foot care to prevent complications.Which of the following would be part of a patient education intervention about diabetic foot care?

Accepted Answer

People with diabetes should use warm water, check their feet daily, and never wear open-toed shoes or go barefoot.

Question 8

Byetta may be prescribed for people with diabetes type 2 to promote which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Byetta lowers blood glucose levels by increasing insulin secretion.It is injected 60 minutes before breakfast and dinner, and it helps patients achieve modest weight loss and improved glycemic control.

Question 9

Severe hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes who takes insulin may result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

If the patient takes too much insulin, does not eat, and exercises too much, glucose levels can drop dangerously.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most correct explanation of diabetes mellitus type 2?

Accepted Answer

Patients with DM type 2 have strong family history of the disease.It also can be seen in younger patients, and insulin may be needed as the disease progresses.

Question 11

Typical symptoms of diabetes mellitus include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The most correct answer is polydipsia, polyphagia, and rapid weight loss; there is no increased risk of kidney stones or hyperpigmentation.

Question 12

You have just received the laboratory results for a patient suspected of having prediabetes.What would you expect the lab work to show?

Accepted Answer

A person with prediabetes has a fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dL, and individuals with an FPG of 126 mg/dL or higher are diagnosed as diabetic.A person who is prediabetic would have a 2-hour OGTT of 140 to 199 mg/dL, and diabetes is diagnosed if the OGTT is 200 mg/dL or higher.

Question 13

Which statement is true about ketone bodies?

Accepted Answer

Ketone bodies are created when the body has to use fat for energy; CHO cannot be used because of a lack of insulin.

Question 14

Which of the following is one of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

The diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus is an FPG of 126 mg/dL.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about endemic goiters?

Accepted Answer

Endemic iodine deficiency, a lack of iodine in the diet, results in the formation of a simple goiter.A simple goiter is any thyroid enlargement that has not been caused by an infection or neoplasm.Endemic goiters occur in certain geographic areas.If more than 10% of the children 6 to 12 years of age in a particular area have goiters, that geographic location is defined as endemic for goiters.

Question 16

A patient diagnosed with __________ has a deficiency of all the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary; therefore, the symptoms reflect systemic inactivity of all of the glands stimulated by the anterior pituitary hormones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient diagnosed with __________ has a...

Question 17

Patients with diabetes __________ have a problem with target cell response to insulin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patients with diabetes __________ have a problem...

Question 18

Gestational diabetes can be extremely dangerous for both mother and infant.Because of this, what is recommended for all pregnant women?

Accepted Answer

In the United States, screening is done routinely so that gestational diabetes can be treated to prevent maternal and fetal complications.

Question 19

Which of the following are oral hypoglycemics that are prescribed for the management of diabetes mellitus type 2?

Accepted Answer

Lente and Lantus (types of insulin) and Byetta and Symlin (supplemental injectables) are not oral hypoglycemics.

Question 20

Which statement is true about the macrovascular diseases that can occur in people with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Damage to the large blood vessels occurs over time, so the longer the patient has diabetes, the more likely they are to have complications.

Quiz 45: Assisting in Endocrinology