Question 1

Within days of their baby's birth, Ben and Jen are having an argument about their son. Jen claims that he recognizes her voice, but Ben says that this is impossible. Knowing the research in this area, you are able to tell them that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that infants as young as a few days old can recognize their mother's voice. In fact, infants may show a preference for their mother's voice over other female voices as early as two to three days after birth. Therefore, Jen is likely correct in claiming that their son recognizes her voice.

Question 2

Newborns look in the direction of a sound that they hear. They also try to grasp objects that they can see. This suggests that newborns

Accepted Answer

The fact that newborns can look towards a sound and try to grasp objects implies that they can integrate at least two senses, in this case, hearing and vision. This means that they are not only able to use their senses but also integrate them to gather information from their environment. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 3

Which is NOT one of the four basic taste perceptions?

Accepted Answer

Fruity is not a basic taste perception. The four basic taste perceptions are salty, sour, sweet, and bitter.

Question 4

Mom Billie and dad Bob are discussing the abilities of their two-month-old son Thorton. Billie claims that Thorton can recognize both of his parent's voices. Bob says that Thorton cannot recognize either voice. If Thorton is a typical two-month-old, then who is correct?

Accepted Answer

At two months old, infants are typically able to recognize their mother's voice but may not yet have developed the ability to recognize their father's voice. Therefore, Bob is incorrect in saying that Thorton cannot recognize either voice, but Billie may be incorrect in assuming that he can recognize both voices.

Question 5

The senses of _____ both rely on detection of chemical molecules.

Accepted Answer

Both taste and smell rely on the detection of chemical molecules. Taste buds detect molecules in food and send signals to the brain, while olfactory receptors in the nose detect molecules in the air and also send signals to the brain. Smell is often considered a part of taste because both senses work together to perceive flavors.

Question 6

Mennella and colleagues found that infants who were fed sour-tasting formula

Accepted Answer

Mennella and colleagues found that infants who were fed sour-tasting formula preferred the taste of sour items when they were preschoolers.

Question 7

Newborns will produce certain facial expressions depending on the taste of the liquid that they are offered. They smile when offered sugar water and frown when offered quinine. This demonstrates that newborns

Accepted Answer

The fact that newborns produce different facial expressions in response to different tastes shows that they can discriminate between various tastes. This suggests that they have the ability to perceive and differentiate tastes from a very young age.

Question 8

The sense of smell is also referred to as the sense of

Accepted Answer

The sense of smell is specifically referred to as olfaction, making option B the correct choice. Option A, surfaction, is not a term typically used in reference to the sense of smell. Option C, adaptation, refers to the process by which the sense of smell adjusts to persistent odor stimuli, but it is not the name of the sense itself. Option D, involution, is not related to the sense of smell.

Question 9

What was the key finding of the Cat in the Hat study on hearing?

Accepted Answer

The Cat in the Hat study on hearing found that voice recognition is influenced by prenatal experience. The study showed that newborns were able to recognize the voice of their mother over the voice of a stranger, and that this ability was likely developed during fetal development. This finding suggests that prenatal experiences can have a significant impact on infant development, including the development of language and communication skills.

Question 10

If a mother wanted to DECREASE the likelihood that her infant would grow into a picky eater later in life, she should

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that exposing infants to a wide variety of flavors and textures during weaning can increase their willingness to try new foods and decrease the likelihood of becoming a picky eater later in life. Bottle feeding, exclusively giving fruits and vegetables, and avoiding spicy foods do not necessarily have a direct impact on picky eating behavior.

Question 11

Skin receptors allow a person to sense all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Skin receptors do not play a direct role in the sense of balance. The sense of balance is primarily controlled by the vestibular system in the inner ear.

Question 12

Cross-modal perception is the ability to

Accepted Answer

Cross-modal perception refers to the ability to recognize an object through one sense that was learned through another sense. For example, identifying an object by touch that was previously seen or heard. Option A is describing depth perception, option B is synesthesia, and option C is habituation.

Question 13

One-month-old infants were given either a smooth pacifier or one with hard nubs on which to suck. Although they had not seen the pacifier while sucking on it, when given the opportunity to look, the infants stared longer at the type of pacifier that they had sucked on. This shows that they have

Accepted Answer

The fact that the infants could recognize and differentiate between the two types of pacifiers based on their tactile (sucking) experience and then visually identify which one they had sucked on shows cross-modal perception - the ability to use information from one sensory modality (touch) to make sense of information from another modality (vision). Options B, C, and D are not relevant to the given scenario.

Question 14

Breast feeding an infant who is receiving a vaccination

Accepted Answer

Breastfeeding during vaccination has been shown to reduce the signs of pain in infants. The act of breastfeeding provides comfort and distraction, which can lessen the infant's pain response to the vaccination.

Question 15

What is the best explanation for young infants' ability to recognize their mother's voices shortly after birth?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that fetuses can recognize and become familiar with their mother's voice while still in the womb. This innate ability helps infants to quickly recognize and respond to their mother's voice shortly after birth.

Question 16

Premature infants who are _____ tend to gain weight faster than those not receiving this stimulation.

Accepted Answer

Premature infants who are stroked over their entire body tend to gain weight faster because the touch stimulation helps to trigger the release of growth hormones and increases their appetite. The other choices (A, B, and D) do not have a direct impact on weight gain in premature infants.

Question 17

If he were a typical baby, Apollo would show the most tactile sensitivity when he is stroked on his

Accepted Answer

The answer of If he were a typical baby, Apollo...

Question 18

Recent research has indicated that infants are more likely to survive heart surgery if they receive _____ during the operation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent research has indicated that infants are...

Question 19

Which statement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Newborns do not tend to act favorably to the odor of ammonia. Ammonia is a harsh and unpleasant odor that can cause respiratory distress in infants. It is not known to have any positive effect on them.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an example of cross-modal perception?

Accepted Answer

Recognizing a person's face in a photograph that you have only seen in person one time is an example of visual recognition, not cross-modal perception. Cross-modal perception involves using information from one sense to perceive something in another sense.

Quiz 6: Sensation, Perception, and Attention