Question 1

The special health problems along the US-Mexico border in part reflect the impact of

Accepted Answer

The special health problems along the US-Mexico border can be attributed to the impact of globalization, which has increased the flow of people, goods, and services between the two countries. This has led to the spread of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, as well as the emergence of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, due to changes in lifestyle and diet. Additionally, environmental contamination and poor living conditions in border communities have also contributed to health disparities.

Question 2

How is infant mortality linked to women's social status? How is maternal mortality linked to women's status?

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality is linked to women's social status in a number of ways. Women with lower social status often have less access to quality healthcare, including prenatal care and childbirth assistance, which can result in higher rates of infant mortality. Additionally, women in lower social status may also face higher levels of stress and lack of resources, which can impact the health of their infants.

Maternal mortality is also linked to women's social status. Women with lower social status may have limited access to quality healthcare before, during, and after childbirth, which can increase the risk of maternal mortality. Additionally, women in lower social status may also face discrimination and lack of support during pregnancy and childbirth, leading to higher rates of maternal mortality.

Overall, women's social status plays a significant role in both infant and maternal mortality rates, as it impacts access to healthcare, resources, and support during pregnancy and childbirth. Addressing these social inequalities is crucial in reducing both infant and maternal mortality rates.

Question 3

Diarrheal diseases in less developed nations are primarily caused by

Accepted Answer

Diarrheal diseases are commonly caused by consuming contaminated food and water in less developed nations. This is due to poor sanitation and hygiene practices, as well as limited access to clean water sources. Oral rehydration is a treatment for dehydration caused by diarrhea, but it is not a primary cause of the disease. Maternal mortality, HIV infection, and tuberculosis may be contributing factors to the spread of diarrheal diseases, but they are not the primary cause.

Question 4

Imagine that WHO has asked you to consult on a public health program to address malnutrition globally.How can the concepts of global health and structural violence help you in developing your recommendations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine that WHO has asked you to...

Question 5

What defines whether a country is more or less developed? Why should development be conceptualized as a scale rather than a dichotomy? Give two examples to illustrate your argument.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What defines whether a country is more...

Question 6

The spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa is a result of

Accepted Answer

The spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa is multifactorial and cannot be attributed to a single cause. The low social and economic status of women and girls contribute to their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS through gender-based violence, lack of education, and economic dependence. Concurrent sexual partnerships facilitate the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Labor migration to cities brings individuals away from their families, making it easier for them to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors. Therefore, all of the above factors contribute to the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa.

Question 7

Why should war and disasters be considered public health issues?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why should war and disasters be considered...

Question 8

As a result of anti-malaria pesticide campaigns in the less developed nations,

Accepted Answer

The use of pesticides in anti-malaria campaigns has led to the development of resistant strains of mosquitoes, making it more difficult to control the spread of malaria.

Question 9

Most deaths caused by malaria occur among

Accepted Answer

Malaria is most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, and the majority of deaths caused by malaria occur among children under the age of 5 in this region.

Question 10

Of the following,which currently causes the most deaths in the less-developed nations?

Accepted Answer

Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death globally, including in less-developed nations, due to factors like poor diet, lack of exercise, and limited access to healthcare.

Question 11

Chronic malnutrition can cause

Accepted Answer

Chronic malnutrition can have serious long-term consequences including brain damage, blindness, mental retardation, and increased risk of infant mortality. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 12

What role do the more developed nations play-intentionally or unintentionally-in fostering illness in the less developed nations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What role do the more developed nations...

Question 13

In the least developed nations,average life expectancy

Accepted Answer

In the least developed nations, average life expectancy can be lower than 60 years. This is due to lack of access to basic healthcare, nutrition, and clean water, as well as high rates of infant mortality and infectious diseases.

Question 14

The primary cause of low life expectancy in the less developed nations is

Accepted Answer

Poverty is the most significant factor contributing to low life expectancy in less developed nations. Poverty limits access to healthcare, nutrition, clean water, and sanitation, leading to higher rates of disease and mortality.

Question 15

Chronic malnutrition in the less developed nations can best be explained by

Accepted Answer

Chronic malnutrition in less developed nations is primarily caused by the unequal distribution of resources rather than overpopulation, lack of resources, or population density. In many cases, food and other resources may be available but are not accessible to certain populations due to political and economic factors.

Question 16

Of the following,which is the most important cause of infant mortality in less developed nations?

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition and infection are the most common cause of infant mortality in less developed nations. Many infants in these regions have limited access to nutritious food and are more susceptible to diseases due to poor living conditions and lack of access to healthcare. Herpes, emphysema, and illegal drug use are not typically major causes of infant mortality, and accidents can contribute but are not as prevalent as malnutrition and infection.

Question 17

What percentage of new HIV infections among adults occurs in sub-Saharan Africa?

Accepted Answer

About 66 percent of new HIV infections among adults occur in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the region's disproportionate burden in the global HIV epidemic.

Question 18

Why has HIV/AIDS spread more rapidly in Africa than in the United States? Why has heterosexual transmission played a greater role in Africa?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why has HIV/AIDS spread more rapidly in...

Question 19

The primary measure of a country's development level is its

Accepted Answer

Gross national income per capita is widely used as a measure of a country's level of development. It takes into account the income of individuals within a country and allows for comparisons across nations. Other measures, such as education level or number of factories, may contribute to development, but do not necessarily reflect the overall level of economic well-being within a country. Moral code and military might are not widely recognized as measures of development.

Question 20

Chronic malnutrition has largely been eliminated in

Accepted Answer

Costa Rica has made significant progress in reducing chronic malnutrition, with rates decreasing from 18.3% in 2000 to 6.3% in 2017. Other countries, including India, Senegal, Brazil, and Honduras, still have relatively high rates of chronic malnutrition.

Quiz 4: Illness and Death in the Less Developed Nations