Question 1

Which of the following best conveys the meaning of "popular sovereignty"?

Accepted Answer

Popular sovereignty is the principle that the people are the ultimate source of political power and authority, rather than rulers or elites. This means that the people have the right to govern themselves and make decisions about how they are governed.

Question 2

What are codified laws? How do they differ from other social controls? How and why do anthropologists think they evolved?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

A sense of loyalty to the nation-state based on shared language, values, and culture is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Nationalism refers to a sense of loyalty and pride towards one's nation-state, which is characterized by shared language, values, and culture. Ethnicity refers to the identity and sense of belonging of a group of people who share a common culture or ancestry. Statehood refers to the sovereignty and control of a geographical territory by a recognized government. Popular sovereignty refers to the principle that ultimate power resides with the people or citizens of a nation-state.

Question 4

Explain why many traditional Polynesian societies are characterized as chiefdoms and not tribes or bands. Use specific details to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

What is the difference between legitimate and illegitimate political power? Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

What are the ways that a person can become chief in a chiefdom? What are the responsibilities of a chief? What are the limitations of a chief's power?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Anthropologists have varying opinions on whether or not __________ contribute(s) to warfare among the Yanomamö.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anthropologists have varying opinions on whether or...

Question 8

A type of state that rules on the basis of religious authority is known as a __________.

Accepted Answer

A galactic polity is a type of state that rules on the basis of religious authority, often organizing society in a non-linear, center-outward structure that reflects cosmic or religious principles.

Question 9

What aspects of political organization were instrumental in the development of agricultural states? Cite specific evidence to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

What does the process of complementary opposition achieve in tribal societies?

Accepted Answer

The process of complementary opposition in tribal societies achieves the formation of alliances between different kinship groups to resolve specific conflicts without creating a permanent, centralized leadership. This helps to maintain a balance of power and prevent any one group from dominating the others. Additionally, it allows for conflict resolution without resorting to violence, promoting peace and cooperation within the community.

Question 11

The Azande use which of the following to help determine guilt and innocence in criminal cases?

Accepted Answer

The Azande use oracles, specifically the poison oracle, to help determine guilt and innocence in criminal cases. The poison oracle involves feeding a chicken or other small animal a poisonous substance and interpreting the movements and behavior of the animal after it has been fed the poison as a sign of guilt or innocence.

Question 12

What forms of political organization are found in horticulturalist and pastoralist societies? What are some of the reasons that have been offered to explain these types of organization? How do they differ from those found in foraging groups?

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Which of the following are used by Eskimo to resolve disputes?

Accepted Answer

Eskimo communities have traditionally used song duels as a form of dispute resolution, where the disputants compose and perform songs that humorously present their side of the argument. The audience's reaction often determines the winner, helping to resolve the conflict. Wrestling matches are also a traditional form of competition and dispute resolution among some Eskimo groups, emphasizing physical strength and skill.

Question 14

How has technology altered the practice of warfare? Compare and contrast warfare in industrial and postindustrial societies with earlier forms of warfare.

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Paramount chiefs in Hawaiian society were responsible for ruling at the __________ level.

Accepted Answer

Paramount chiefs in Hawaiian society were responsible for ruling at the island level, overseeing large territories that encompassed entire islands.

Question 16

Compare and contrast the theories presented by Elman Service and Timothy Earle on the evolution of chiefdoms. What are the key points on which they differ? Given your understanding of chiefdoms, which theory do you prefer and why?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Let us assume that the United States has just invaded Haiti and has installed a new government on the island. Will everyone in Haiti consider the new government to be a legitimate one or an illegitimate one? Why?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

One of the most distinctive features of law in industrial societies is the proliferation of public and procedural law, referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

Administrative law is the branch of public law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of government, which are responsible for carrying out public policies and programs. This type of law has proliferated in industrial societies due to the increased role and complexity of government in regulating societal and economic activities. Other options do not accurately describe this distinctive feature of law in industrial societies.

Question 19

Explain the segmentary lineage system and complementary opposition. Do you see any adaptive significance in this form of political organization?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Chinese legal system?

Accepted Answer

The Chinese legal system has traditionally involved informal administration of sanctions by community leaders, reflecting a reliance on community-based dispute resolution.

Quiz 11: Politics, Warfare, and Law