Question 1

Your 46-year-old neighbor just learned that he has pancreatic cancer.What are your thoughts about this?

Accepted Answer

Pancreatic cancer has one of the lowest survival rates among all cancers, with a 5% survival rate. While there are treatments available, they are often not very effective, and the cancer is usually diagnosed at a late stage, making it difficult to treat. It is important to be supportive of the neighbor during this difficult time and offer any assistance they may need.

Question 2

What is the term that describes the building up of plaque in the arteries, causing the passage of blood in arteries to become constricted?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can cause them to become constricted and reduce blood flow. Pulmonary disease refers to disorders that affect the lungs, high blood pressure is a separate condition characterized by elevated blood pressure, and coronary disease specifically refers to blockages in the coronary arteries.

Question 3

The Americans' Changing Lives (ACL) study followed a nationally representative sample of Americans ages 25 and older for 15 years beginning in 1986 and ending in 2001, assessing their physical health at four times during the 15-year period.The main finding of the study was that __________.

Accepted Answer

The main finding of the study was that educational attainment relates to one's physical health.

Question 4

Ralph was given good news and bad news by his physician.The bad news was that he has cancer; the good news was that the survival rate for the type of cancer that he has is 80%.Which of the following types of cancer does Ralph most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Prostate and skin cancers have high survival rates, with rates for some types of skin cancer approaching 100%. Throat, rectal, kidney, lung, pancreas, and liver cancers typically have lower survival rates, with some as low as 5-10%.

Question 5

In what procedure for cardiovascular disease does a surgeon insert a tube into a blocked artery and inflate a tiny balloon that flattens the fatty deposits against the wall and allows blood to flow more freely?

Accepted Answer

The procedure described is angioplasty, during which a tiny balloon is inflated inside the blocked artery to flatten fatty deposits and allow better blood flow. This is a minimally invasive procedure and does not involve open-heart surgery, the insertion of stents, or the use of a pacemaker.

Question 6

In Vaillant's original study, subjects who were heavy smokers, alcohol abusers, and overweight at age 50 were more likely to be dead by the ages of 75-80, and those who were still alive were likely to be classified as __________.

Accepted Answer

Vaillant's study found that individuals with unhealthy lifestyles (heavy smoking, alcohol abuse, overweight) by age 50 were more likely to have poorer health outcomes by ages 75-80. Those who survived to these ages under such conditions were more likely to be in worse health, hence "sad-sick" aligns with the findings regarding the negative impact of these lifestyle choices on long-term health and well-being.

Question 7

Why are survival rates for breast and prostate cancer so high in certain countries but not others?

Accepted Answer

Advanced medical technologies and participation in early detection screenings are the primary factors that contribute to higher survival rates for breast and prostate cancer. Countries with access to these resources are able to catch the cancer early and treat it with the latest medical technologies, leading to higher survival rates. It is not necessarily related to holistic medicine, professional diet and exercise programs, or lack of smoking and genetic risk.

Question 8

Why is coronary heart disease so high in countries like Denmark?

Accepted Answer

A diet high in fat is a known risk factor for coronary heart disease, and countries like Denmark have a traditional diet that is high in saturated fat from meat and dairy products.

Question 9

Which developed country has the highest survival rates for breast and prostate cancer in the world?

Accepted Answer

The United States has the highest survival rates for both breast and prostate cancer among developed countries. This is attributed to early detection, advanced treatment options, and comprehensive cancer care available in the country.

Question 10

Which of the following cancers have the lowest 5-year survival rate?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas and lung cancers have the lowest 5-year survival rates, with only a 10% and 19% survival rate respectively. The other options listed have much higher survival rates, with prostate and skin cancers having a 98% and 92% 5-year survival rate respectively, breast cancer having an 89% 5-year survival rate, rectal cancer having a 65% 5-year survival rate, kidney cancer having a 75% 5-year survival rate, and liver cancer having a 20% 5-year survival rate.

Question 11

In a study examining treatment approaches for individuals who had heart disease (Blumenthal et al., 2005), which group exhibited better cardiovascular functioning as well as lower levels of distress and depression?

Accepted Answer

The study found that the stress management and exercise groups exhibited better cardiovascular functioning and lower levels of distress and depression compared to the routine care group, the music therapy group, and the movie-watching group. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 12

Ed is a middle-aged male who is a high-risk candidate for coronary heart disease.Which of the following are recommendations to help Ed lower his risk?

Accepted Answer

Establishing a healthy diet, increasing exercise, quitting smoking, and taking low-dose aspirin daily are all proven methods of lowering the risk of coronary heart disease. Getting more sleep and sun, increasing calcium, folic acid and B12, decreasing iron, starting a multivitamin regimen, and limiting high fructose corn syrup may be beneficial for overall health, but they are not specifically targeted at reducing the risk of coronary heart disease.

Question 13

What is the best way to avoid death from cancer?

Accepted Answer

Prevention is the best way to avoid death from cancer. This includes living a healthy lifestyle by maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, avoiding exposure to harmful chemicals, and getting regular check-ups and screenings from a healthcare provider. Early detection through regular screenings also plays a crucial role in preventing cancer-related deaths. While treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy may be effective in treating cancer, prevention remains the best approach to reduce the risk of developing cancer and ultimately avoiding death from the disease.

Question 14

In a study conducted by Coleman and colleagues (2008), __________ of American women aged 50-64 reported receiving regular mammograms to screen for breast cancer, compared to __________ of British women.

Accepted Answer

According to the study conducted by Coleman and colleagues (2008), 84% of American women aged 50-64 reported receiving regular mammograms to screen for breast cancer, compared to 63% of British women. Therefore, option B is the correct choice.

Question 15

A promising approach to cancer prevention that focuses more frequent screenings and exams on people who are at highest risk due to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors is __________.

Accepted Answer

Risk stratification involves identifying individuals who are at a higher risk for a particular condition or disease, such as cancer, based on a combination of factors including genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors. This approach allows for more targeted and frequent screenings and exams for those who are at highest risk, potentially leading to earlier detection and prevention of cancer. Genome stratification and genetic profiling also involve analyzing an individual's genetic makeup, but these approaches may not necessarily take into account other risk factors that may contribute to cancer development. High risk profiling is a similar concept to risk stratification but may not necessarily involve genetic analysis.

Question 16

In Vaillant's original study, which of the following variables are characteristics of participants who were classified as happy-well?

Accepted Answer

According to Vaillant's original study, participants who were classified as happy-well had characteristics such as higher years of education and marriage stability. None of the other variables listed were mentioned as being characteristic of this group.

Question 17

Worldwide, what is the second most common cause of death among midlife adults?

Accepted Answer

Cancer is the second most common cause of death among midlife adults worldwide, following coronary heart disease.

Question 18

In a study that examined women who experienced a severely stressful event and were screened for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), what did researchers find when they reexamined the women 14 years later?

Accepted Answer

The study found that women who exhibited five or more symptoms of PTSD were more than three times as likely to have coronary heart disease. The other choices are not supported by the study.

Question 19

Your mother is 52 years old and has had only one mammogram in the last 10 years because she hates having them done.To help her get her next mammogram, you tell her that the survival rate of women who have __________.

Accepted Answer

Regular mammograms can detect breast cancer early when treatment is more successful. Colon, prostate, and pancreatic cancers are not typically detected through mammograms.

Question 20

In a study of more than a million women in Sweden, the death rate from breast cancer was __________ for the women who received mammograms than for those who did not.

Accepted Answer

The death rate from breast cancer was found to be 29% lower for the women who received mammograms compared to those who did not, according to the study conducted in Sweden.

Quiz 11: Middle Adulthood

Your 46-year-old neighbor just learned that he has pancreatic cancer.What are your thoughts about this?

What is the term that describes the building up of plaque in the arteries, causing the passage of blood in arteries to become constricted?

The Americans' Changing Lives (ACL) study followed a nationally representative sample of Americans ages 25 and older for 15 years beginning in 1986 and ending in 2001, assessing their physical health at four times during the 15-year period.The main finding of the study was that __________.

Ralph was given good news and bad news by his physician.The bad news was that he has cancer; the good news was that the survival rate for the type of cancer that he has is 80%.Which of the following types of cancer does Ralph most likely have?

In what procedure for cardiovascular disease does a surgeon insert a tube into a blocked artery and inflate a tiny balloon that flattens the fatty deposits against the wall and allows blood to flow more freely?

In Vaillant's original study, subjects who were heavy smokers, alcohol abusers, and overweight at age 50 were more likely to be dead by the ages of 75-80, and those who were still alive were likely to be classified as __________.

Why are survival rates for breast and prostate cancer so high in certain countries but not others?

Why is coronary heart disease so high in countries like Denmark?

Which developed country has the highest survival rates for breast and prostate cancer in the world?

Which of the following cancers have the lowest 5-year survival rate?

In a study examining treatment approaches for individuals who had heart disease (Blumenthal et al., 2005) , which group exhibited better cardiovascular functioning as well as lower levels of distress and depression?

Ed is a middle-aged male who is a high-risk candidate for coronary heart disease.Which of the following are recommendations to help Ed lower his risk?

What is the best way to avoid death from cancer?

In a study conducted by Coleman and colleagues (2008) , of American women aged 50-64 reported receiving regular mammograms to screen for breast cancer, compared to of British women.

A promising approach to cancer prevention that focuses more frequent screenings and exams on people who are at highest risk due to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors is __________.

In Vaillant's original study, which of the following variables are characteristics of participants who were classified as happy-well?

Worldwide, what is the second most common cause of death among midlife adults?

In a study that examined women who experienced a severely stressful event and were screened for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) , what did researchers find when they reexamined the women 14 years later?

Your mother is 52 years old and has had only one mammogram in the last 10 years because she hates having them done.To help her get her next mammogram, you tell her that the survival rate of women who have __________.

In a study of more than a million women in Sweden, the death rate from breast cancer was __________ for the women who received mammograms than for those who did not.

Quiz 11: Middle Adulthood

Your 46-year-old neighbor just learned that he has pancreatic cancer.What are your thoughts about this?

What is the term that describes the building up of plaque in the arteries, causing the passage of blood in arteries to become constricted?

The Americans' Changing Lives (ACL) study followed a nationally representative sample of Americans ages 25 and older for 15 years beginning in 1986 and ending in 2001, assessing their physical health at four times during the 15-year period.The main finding of the study was that __________.

Ralph was given good news and bad news by his physician.The bad news was that he has cancer; the good news was that the survival rate for the type of cancer that he has is 80%.Which of the following types of cancer does Ralph most likely have?

In what procedure for cardiovascular disease does a surgeon insert a tube into a blocked artery and inflate a tiny balloon that flattens the fatty deposits against the wall and allows blood to flow more freely?

In Vaillant's original study, subjects who were heavy smokers, alcohol abusers, and overweight at age 50 were more likely to be dead by the ages of 75-80, and those who were still alive were likely to be classified as __________.

Why are survival rates for breast and prostate cancer so high in certain countries but not others?

Why is coronary heart disease so high in countries like Denmark?

Which developed country has the highest survival rates for breast and prostate cancer in the world?

Which of the following cancers have the lowest 5-year survival rate?

In a study examining treatment approaches for individuals who had heart disease (Blumenthal et al., 2005) , which group exhibited better cardiovascular functioning as well as lower levels of distress and depression?

Ed is a middle-aged male who is a high-risk candidate for coronary heart disease.Which of the following are recommendations to help Ed lower his risk?

What is the best way to avoid death from cancer?

In a study conducted by Coleman and colleagues (2008) , __________ of American women aged 50-64 reported receiving regular mammograms to screen for breast cancer, compared to __________ of British women.

A promising approach to cancer prevention that focuses more frequent screenings and exams on people who are at highest risk due to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors is __________.

In Vaillant's original study, which of the following variables are characteristics of participants who were classified as happy-well?

Worldwide, what is the second most common cause of death among midlife adults?

In a study that examined women who experienced a severely stressful event and were screened for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) , what did researchers find when they reexamined the women 14 years later?

Your mother is 52 years old and has had only one mammogram in the last 10 years because she hates having them done.To help her get her next mammogram, you tell her that the survival rate of women who have __________.

In a study of more than a million women in Sweden, the death rate from breast cancer was __________ for the women who received mammograms than for those who did not.

In a study conducted by Coleman and colleagues (2008) , of American women aged 50-64 reported receiving regular mammograms to screen for breast cancer, compared to of British women.