Question 1

What guidelines must an OT practitioner follow when securing a wheelchair to a vehicle (e.g., school bus)?

Accepted Answer

The OT practitioner works with the educational team, including the transporter, to develop a safe plan for transportation and an evacuation plan in the event of an emergency.Since 2002, the American National Standards Institute/Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America (ANSI/RESNA) requires wheelchairs to be dynamically crash tested and mandates specific requirements for wheelchair frames used as seating within a motor vehicle.

Question 2

Which statement best reflects the role of the OT when working with medication management and children?

Accepted Answer

Success with medication management is increased through assistance with effective organization of medications.

Question 3

Marty is unable to distinguish a dime from a nickel.With what client factor is he most likely having difficulty?

Accepted Answer

Visual perception refers to identifying items and involves distinguishing shapes, sizes, and colors (making sense of what one sees).

Question 4

When discussing sexuality with an adolescent in a school setting, what must the OT practitioner first do?

Accepted Answer

It is imperative that the OT practitioner obtain consent from an individual's parent or guardian before discussing the topic of sexuality with a client who is a minor.

Question 5

How is a single walking device positioned?

Accepted Answer

The single walking device such as a single crutch or cane is placed in the "strong" hand or on the opposite side of the weakened lower extremity to promote reciprocal stride gait when walking.

Question 6

Who provides the guidelines for safe transport of infants, toddlers, and young children who have special needs?

Accepted Answer

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration provides clear guidelines for the safe transport of infants, toddlers, and young children.Car seat manufacturers provide detailed weight and age limits specific to each particular seat.Installation methods for car seats vary, and manufacturer instructions should be followed, without exception, when installing the seat in a vehicle.The role of the OT practitioner is to assess the child's physical needs and make recommendations as to the type of seat required.

Question 7

The occupational therapy (OT) practitioner works closely with a teen, and they set realistic goals for an upcoming project.The practitioner helps the teen manage her time and asks the teen to assess how she is progressing at each session.What intervention strategy is the practitioner using?

Accepted Answer

Meta-cognitive training works to improve the fundamentals needed to set realistic goals by enhancing self-awareness and skills such as time management, self-control, anticipation, and self-monitoring.

Question 8

When working on IADLs with a child who has physical limitations, which approach is not recommended?

Accepted Answer

Provide direct intervention with regard to mobility through the home or other natural environment where the tasks will take place.
.Provide adaptive equipment such as reachers, long-handled tools, tools with built-up handles, tools that have straps to affix to the hand during chores and work, or tool belts for carrying cleaning products.
.Adapt the environment to remove physical obstacles: Remove throw rugs, move unnecessary furniture that may block a pathway, store cleaning products and tools in an accessible area, and remove doors from the door frame to improve accessibility.
.Organize the environment so that the products and tools used for particular jobs are located close to the area where the job is performed.
.Recommend products for ease of use, such as self-propelling vacuums, easy spray or aerosol cleaning products, dusting rags that require no dusting spray, front-loading washing machines and dryers, accessible shelves in lieu of cabinets, or deep closets for storage of linens and clothing.
.Recommend home modifications, when possible, to include accessible sink spaces, accessible home appliances, widened doorways, and lowered cabinets, counters, and shelf spaces.

Question 9

When working on IADLs with children who have cognitive limitations, the OT practitioner will not do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Provide lists, charts, or check off sheets to indicate what tasks need to be done.
.Break tasks down into smaller components.
.Provide visuals to communicate each step.
.Provide pre-teaching for each step; it may be helpful to teach the motor plan, or physical process of getting the job done; for example, spray, wipe up and down, step to the right, and do it again.
.Provide gradated assistance to get the job done, but fade assistance to increase independence.Begin with hand-over-hand if needed, then gradate physical assistance; next, fade to verbal cues, then provide visuals or check lists.
.Provide positive reinforcements, as appropriate.

Question 10

When working on meal preparation, what should you begin with?

Accepted Answer

When working with meal preparation, begin with simple snacks that require no heating.Increase the number of steps or ingredients that are needed to increase complexity.Move on to microwave preparation before asking the child to use the stovetop or oven.

Question 11

A child with autism uses a series of pictures to communicate with you.What type of system is this?

Accepted Answer

PECS was created to increase communication for individuals with autism spectrum disorders.PECS has also been found effective for other populations with cognitive, communication, and physical disabilities.PECS is a systematic method for teaching initiation of communication through the exchange of pictures.Through PECS, a child is taught to use communication to get his or her needs met.

Question 12

Terry is a 14-year-old girl who can never find her papers and does not know where to put her school supplies.She loses assignments in her backpack.With what executive function is she experiencing difficulty?

Accepted Answer

Organization of materials-the ability to impose order on work, play, and storage spaces.

Question 13

When working with picky eaters, how should the OT practitioner introduce new foods?

Accepted Answer

An OT practitioner may also be called upon to help picky eaters try new foods.When working with picky eaters, it is important to first consult with an occupational therapist trained in feeding interventions to ensure that no impairments in feeding exist.Once cleared to try a variety of foods, the OT practitioner encourages pleasurable exposures to new foods.Strong pushing to try new foods should be avoided, as this can cause a power struggle and decrease the likelihood of the child increasing the food repertoire.Further, some children may withdraw from foods secondary to sensory processing disorders.

Question 14

Mary is a 12-year-old girl who is unable to begin her homework each evening.Her mother notices that once the child begins, she can continue.With what executive functioning is she experiencing difficulty?

Accepted Answer

Initiation-the ability to begin a task and generate ideas, responses, and problem-solving strategies.

Question 15

Which of the following is not considered an instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)?

Accepted Answer

IADLs are defined by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) as "activities to support daily life within the home and community that often require more complex interactions than those used in ADLs." More specifically, IADLs involve care of others, care of pets, child rearing, communication management, community mobility, financial management, health management and maintenance, home establishment, meal preparation and clean-up, religious observance, safety and emergency maintenance, and shopping.

Quiz 20: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

What guidelines must an OT practitioner follow when securing a wheelchair to a vehicle (e.g., school bus) ?