Question 1

A patient is admitted from a nursing home with cough and fever.The patient has a history of dysphagia and hemiparesis of right dominant side due to previous stroke.Sputum cultures reveal Pseudomonas.Patient went into acute respiratory failure after admission.
Discharge Diagnosis: Pseudomonas pneumonia.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

Patient is a 67-year-old female who presented to the ER with shortness of breath.She was in her usual state of health until 1 week ago,when she began to have chills,fever,and a cough.Patient was admitted and started on IV antibiotics for pneumonia.Her COPD exacerbation was treated with albuterol treatments and oxygen by nasal cannula.Sputum cultures grew Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Final Diagnoses:
Pneumonia due to Klebsiella.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute decompensation.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

A contagious viral disease called ____ is an infection of the respiratory tract that causes coughing,difficulty breathing,headache,muscle aches,and weakness.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described match those of influenza, or the flu. None of the other options include all of these symptoms, and emphysema is a chronic lung disease rather than an acute viral infection.

Question 4

Patient was admitted with acute bronchitis.Patient has a history of nicotine dependence but quit 5 years ago.X-ray was negative for any pneumonia.
Final Diagnoses:
COPD with acute bronchitis.
Acute bronchitis.

Accepted Answer

COPD (J44.0) is a chronic condition that the patient has, and acute bronchitis (J20.9) is the current acute condition that they were admitted for. The history of nicotine dependence is coded with Z87.891 (personal history of nicotine dependence), which is a secondary diagnosis. There is no indication for coding Z72.0 (tobacco use) or J28.0 (pneumothorax).

Question 5

The most common cause of pneumonia is ____.

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of pneumonia, accounting for over 30% of cases. Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus are also common causes, but not as prevalent as S. pneumoniae. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT categorized with high-risk potential for contracting pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

While anyone can contract pneumonia, certain populations are at higher risk due to factors such as weakened immune systems or underlying health conditions. These high-risk groups include infants, the elderly, and individuals with conditions such as AIDS. Being in one's early 20s does not inherently place someone at high risk for pneumonia, although other factors such as smoking or exposure to certain chemicals may increase risk.

Question 7

____ pneumonia refers to pneumonia contracted outside of the hospital or nursing home setting.

Accepted Answer

Community-acquired pneumonia refers to pneumonia that is acquired outside of the hospital or nursing home setting, typically in the community. Nursing home-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia are both acquired within healthcare settings. Nosocomial pneumonia is another term for hospital-acquired pneumonia.

Question 8

A patient is admitted for suspected H1N1 influenza.

Accepted Answer

J11.1 is the specific ICD-10 code for H1N1 influenza.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an example of pneumoconiosis (lung disease due to the chronic inhalation of inorganic dust)?

Accepted Answer

Cyanosis is not a type of pneumoconiosis. Cyanosis refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. Pneumoconiosis, on the other hand, is a group of lung diseases caused by the chronic inhalation of inorganic dusts such as silica, asbestos, and coal dust. Siderosis, Baritosis, and Stannosis are all types of pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of iron oxide, barium sulfate, and tin oxide dusts, respectively.

Question 10

A patient is admitted with hypoxemia and acute respiratory failure.The patient has COPD and is being treated for an acute exacerbation.The patient is intubated in the ER and is transferred to ICU and maintained on mechanical ventilation for 24 hours.The patient has a history of chronic diastolic congestive heart failure.

Accepted Answer

J96.01 (Acute respiratory failure with hypoxia), J44.1 (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (acute) exacerbation), I50.32 (Chronic diastolic (congestive) heart failure), 5A1945Z (Assistance with respiratory ventilation, 24-96 consecutive hours), and 0BH17EZ (Insertion of endotracheal airway into trachea, via natural or artificial opening) accurately reflect the patient's condition and treatments received.

Question 11

Patient is admitted with shortness of breath and fever that has been present for 2 to 3 weeks and has gotten progressively worse.CT scan showed evidence of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP).Patient was started on prednisone and discharged when symptoms had resolved.
Final Diagnoses: BOOP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patient is admitted with shortness of breath...

Question 12

A pneumothorax that occurs as a result of a procedure is a(n)____ pneumothorax.

Accepted Answer

An iatrogenic pneumothorax is one that occurs as a result of a medical procedure, such as a lung biopsy or insertion of a central venous catheter. Malignant pneumothorax refers to a pneumothorax caused by underlying cancer, spontaneous pneumothorax refers to a pneumothorax that occurs without a prior medical intervention or trauma, and traumatic pneumothorax refers to a pneumothorax caused by a physical injury or trauma.

Question 13

Patient is admitted with acute on chronic respiratory failure due to emphysema.Patient is dependent on oxygen and has had numerous admissions for pneumonia.Patient is treated with continuous BIPAP for 48 hours and is a DNR/DNI.No infection is identified,and deterioration in respiratory status is thought to be a progression of his emphysema.Patient was made comfort care and was discharged to at-home hospice care the following day.
Final Diagnoses:
End-stage emphysema.
Chronic respiratory failure with hypoxia.
Procedure: BIPAP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patient is admitted with acute on chronic...

Question 14

When pleural effusion results from trauma or disease and blood is accumulating in the pleural space,the condition is called ____.

Accepted Answer

Hemothorax specifically refers to the accumulation of blood in the pleural space. Empyema refers to pus in the pleural space, and chylothorax refers to lymphatic fluid in the pleural space. None of the above is not a correct answer as one of the choices must be correct.

Question 15

A patient is admitted from a nursing home with cough and fever.The patient has a history of dysphagia and hemiparesis due to previous cerebral infarction.Sputum cultures reveal Pseudomonas.
Discharge Diagnosis: Pneumonia due to aspiration and Pseudomonas bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The patient has pneumonia due to aspiration (J69.0) and the specific bacteria causing the infection is Pseudomonas (J15.1). The patient's history of dysphagia and hemiparesis due to previous cerebral infarction are coded as I69.391 and I69.359, respectively. R13.10 is also included as a code to indicate the cough symptom. J18.9 is not the correct code for pneumonia due to aspiration, and it is not necessary to include as additional codes.

Question 16

____ occurs when the linings of one or more sinuses become infected,usually as the result of viruses or bacteria.

Accepted Answer

Sinusitis is the inflammation or infection of the linings of the sinuses, which can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Black lung refers to a lung disease commonly seen in coal miners, asthma is a chronic respiratory condition, and bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes.

Question 17

Which of the following is a symptom of pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Fever, cough, chest pain, and rapid breathing are all common symptoms of pneumonia.

Question 18

A diagnostic endoscopic procedure in which a tiny camera on the end of the endoscope is inserted through the nose or mouth into the lungs is called a ____.

Accepted Answer

Bronchoscopy is the only choice that describes a diagnostic endoscopic procedure that involves inserting a camera through the nose or mouth into the lungs. Lungoscopy is not a medical term commonly used, thoracostomy refers to a surgical procedure to drain fluid from the chest cavity, and mastectomy is a surgical procedure to remove breast tissue.

Question 19

____ is a lower respiratory tract or bronchial tree infection that is characterized by cough,sputum production,and wheezing.

Accepted Answer

Bronchitis is a lower respiratory tract infection that is characterized by cough, sputum production, and wheezing. Empyema is a collection of pus in the pleural cavity, sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses, and asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction.

Question 20

In relation to the respiratory system,what does RUL stand for?

Accepted Answer

RUL stands for Right Upper Lobe of the lung, which is one of the five lobes in the human lung.

Quiz 17: Diseases of the Respiratory System