Question 1

Transnational corporations account for ________ of all world trade.

Accepted Answer

According to various sources, including the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, transnational corporations account for approximately two-thirds of all world trade.

Question 2

According to the textbook, among the most significant political causes of globalization was:

Accepted Answer

The collapse of the Soviet bloc and the end of isolation for the former second world allowed for the expansion of the global capitalist system, as previously isolated countries opened up to foreign trade and investment. This played a significant role in the acceleration of globalization. A, B, and D are not significant political causes of globalization mentioned in the textbook.

Question 3

According to the textbook, in terms of people's working lives, globalization makes it more likely that an individual will experience:

Accepted Answer

Globalization has led to increased competition in the labor market, making it more likely that individuals will need to change jobs and careers throughout their lifetime. This trend towards more frequent job switches also means that individuals may have to take control of their own career paths, rather than relying on the same company for their entire working life.

Question 4

Which perspective in the globalization debate argues that regionalization within the world economy produces less integration and that national governments continue to play a vital role in the economy?

Accepted Answer

The perspective described is that of the skeptics, who argue that globalization does not lead to complete integration and that national governments still play a significant role in shaping the economy.

Question 5

Which perspective on globalization, exemplified by Kenichi Ohmae, argues that globalization is producing a borderless world in which national governments are no longer in control of their own economies?

Accepted Answer

Kenichi Ohmae's perspective on globalization falls under the hyperglobalizers' category, which argues that globalization is leading to a borderless world where national governments are losing control over their economies. They believe that the forces of globalization, such as multinational corporations and global financial markets, are leading to the emergence of a global economy that supersedes national economies.

Question 6

According to the textbook, the United Nations (UN) is an international organization that:

Accepted Answer

The textbook states that the UN is challenged by the difficulty of acquiring agreement from enough nations to pursue action. This is due to the diverse perspectives and interests of member nations. While the UN has grown in influence over the years, the economic slowdown of its member nations is not mentioned as a significant challenge. The UN is also described as a pioneering form of transnational governance.

Question 7

In recent years, participants in social movements have shown an ability to do something that is particularly worrisome to oppressive governments. This is the ability to:

Accepted Answer

The ability to coordinate international political campaigns by using the Internet has enabled social movements to reach a larger audience and gain support from people all over the world. This poses a threat to oppressive governments as it can lead to increased pressure and scrutiny from the international community.

Question 8

According to the transformationalist perspective on globalization, the political structures of countries are adapting to challenges from:

Accepted Answer

According to the transformationalist perspective, globalization has created new economic and social structures that challenge traditional political structures in various countries. As a result, governments are forced to adapt their policies and practices to accommodate these changes. This suggests that the answer is A - new forms of economic and social organization. The other options, including a declining world economy, resistant citizens, and terrorist organizations, may all be factors that affect globalization or how countries respond to it, but they are not specifically mentioned in the transformationalist perspective as the main challenge that political structures are adapting to.

Question 9

According to globalization skeptics, compared with patterns of trade a century ago:

Accepted Answer

Globalization skeptics argue that the world economy has actually become more regionalized rather than globalized. They believe that regional trade arrangements and protectionism have been more prevalent than global trade. This is in contrast to a century ago, when trade patterns were more globalized and less focused on specific regions. The answer A is incorrect because the world economy has undergone significant changes with the rise of new players in global trade. Answer B is incorrect because most skeptics would argue that the world economy is less globalized than it was in the past. Answer D is incorrect because multiple currencies have not had a significant impact on global trade.

Question 10

Which of the following perspectives on globalization believes that globalization is challenging the power of nation-states?

Accepted Answer

Hyperglobalizers argue that globalization is diminishing the power and relevance of nation-states by increasing the influence of global markets and supranational organizations.

Question 11

According to transformationalists, globalization is a dynamic and open process that is subject to influence and change. Which attribute is associated with this view?

Accepted Answer

The attribute associated with transformationalists is that globalization is a decentered and self-aware process characterized by links and cultural flows that work in a multidimensional way. This means that globalization is not a one-way flow of information and influences, and that it is subject to change and influence. This view is opposite to the state-centric view, which suggests that governments should adopt an inward-looking stance, and it also acknowledges the speed at which information travels in today's world.

Question 12

The rapid development and diffusion of ________ technologies, which have enhanced the so-called compression of time and space, have made the biggest contribution to accelerating and deepening the process of globalization.

Accepted Answer

Communication technologies have enabled faster and more efficient communication across vast distances, facilitating global interconnectedness and the exchange of ideas, information, and goods.

Question 13

Which of the following is the best example of a transnational corporation?

Accepted Answer

Gooden, Brogan, Cangas, and Romero is a law firm with offices in three different countries, making it a clear example of a transnational corporation. The other options do not have a significant presence in multiple countries.

Question 14

According to the textbook, the government of which country attempted to control the flow of Internet-based information to citizens by creating the "Great Firewall"?

Accepted Answer

The Great Firewall is a term used to describe the internet censorship and surveillance system in China. The Chinese government heavily regulates and controls online content, blocking websites and social media platforms that are deemed politically sensitive or subversive.

Question 15

The growing influence of ________ has/have been among the political changes contributing to the intensification of globalization.

Accepted Answer

International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) have become increasingly influential in shaping global politics and policies, contributing to the intensification of globalization. INGOs operate across national borders, advocating for various issues and influencing government policies to address global problems such as poverty, human rights, and environmental degradation. While local mechanisms of government, national identity, and family may have some impact on globalization, their influence is generally more limited compared to the impact of INGOs.

Question 16

Which perspective in the globalization debate takes a middle position and sees many old patterns persisting while the broader global order is transforming in a dynamic process that is open to influence and change?

Accepted Answer

The perspective that takes a middle position and acknowledges that old patterns persist while the broader global order is transforming in a dynamic process that is open to influence and change is known as transformationalists. They do not completely reject or accept globalization, but they see it as an ongoing process that requires constant examination and reflection.

Question 17

New social movements are at the heart of ________, the sphere between the state and the marketplace occupied by family, community associations, and other noneconomic institutions.

Accepted Answer

New social movements are often focused on advocating for social change and promoting the interests of marginalized or disadvantaged groups within civil society, which is the sphere of social institutions that are separate from the government and the economy. Civil society includes organizations such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), advocacy groups, grassroots organizations, and other forms of voluntary association. Therefore, option A - civil society - is the best choice for this question.

Question 18

American society has a strong set of noneconomic institutions, and most people socialize and interact in spaces that are structured by family, community associations, and schools. Therefore, according to sociologists, American society has a strong:

Accepted Answer

The concept of civil society refers to the organizations, groups, and associations that exist between the state and the individual, and provide social services, community engagement, and other non-market activities. Given that American society has a strong set of non-economic institutions such as family, community associations, and schools, it is evident that it has a strong civil society. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Options A, C, and D are not suitable because they do not accurately capture the unique features of American society as described in the question.

Question 19

According to the textbook, globalization is being driven by the integration of the world economy, which is now dominated by weightless activity. This weightless economy is one in which products have their basis in:

Accepted Answer

The weightless economy is primarily based on information, as it involves products and services that are intangible and rely heavily on knowledge, data, and digital content.

Question 20

Jon and Huong are friends attending college in different states. They keep in contact through e-mail, texting, and social networking websites. Based on this example, technology has the capacity to do what?

Accepted Answer

Technology has the capacity to compress time and space, allowing people to communicate and connect with each other despite physical distances. This is evident in the example of Jon and Huong, who are able to keep in contact through various technological means despite being in different states.

Quiz 16: Globalization in a Changing World