Question 1

Kaiden is being treated for a brain tumor.He is told that his chemotherapy may result in peripheral nerve damage and myelosupression,which may be so severe that treatment will be limited.To what class of drugs does Kaiden's chemotherapeutic agent likely belong?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

The chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel that is used as second-line or subsequent therapy in patients with metastatic breast or ovarian carcinoma refractory on conventional chemotherapy is .

Accepted Answer

Paclitaxel is a member of the taxane family and has a unique structure compared to other antineoplastic agents.

Question 3

Chanelle has a brain tumor that is causing swelling of her brain.What class of drugs may be used to reduce cerebral edema?

Accepted Answer

Hormones such as dexamethasone are commonly used to reduce cerebral edema by decreasing inflammation and swelling in the brain. Colony stimulating factors and mitotic inhibitors are not typically used for this purpose, and alkylating agents are more commonly used in chemotherapy for cancer treatment.

Question 4

Cheyanne has melanoma and is being treated with interferon to .

Accepted Answer

Interferon is used in melanoma treatment to boost the immune system's response to help the body fight cancer.

Question 5

Gina is taking tamoxifen to treat her metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and is experiencing severe hot flashes.What might be prescribed to help reduce these flashes?

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are commonly prescribed to help reduce hot flashes in individuals taking tamoxifen. They work by stabilizing the levels of serotonin in the brain, which can help regulate body temperature and reduce the frequency and severity of hot flashes.

Question 6

Lester is being treated for metastatic prostate cancer and is receiving bicalutamide,an oral agent that interferes with the binding of testosterone.To what class of neoplastic agents does bicalutamide belong?

Accepted Answer

Bicalutamide belongs to the class of antiandrogens, which block the action of androgens (such as testosterone) on prostate cancer cells. This helps to slow down or stop the growth of the cancer.

Question 7

Your best friend is diagnosed with lymphoma and asks you about what she's read about the side effects of treatments,particularly gastrointestinal effects and hair loss.You explain to her that many drugs used in the treatment of cancer have effects on the gastrointestinal system and hair because they are especially toxic to cells that are ____.

Accepted Answer

Many drugs used in cancer treatment target rapidly proliferating cells, such as cancer cells. However, these drugs can also affect healthy cells in the gastrointestinal system and hair follicles, which are also rapidly dividing cells.

Question 8

Macy's chemotherapy has left her so anemic and prone to infections that treatment must be temporarily halted.What type of drug might Macy be prescribed to help her body produce bone marrow stem cells that divide and develop into red and white blood cells,and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Colony stimulating factor drugs, such as filgrastim or pegfilgrastim, can stimulate the bone marrow to produce more stem cells that eventually develop into red and white blood cells and platelets. This can help alleviate anemia and boost the immune system, reducing the risk of infection. They are commonly used in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or stem cell transplants.

Question 9

Arthur does not have cancer,but does have severe rheumatoid arthritis that has not been responsive to treatment.What class of antineoplastic agents might be used to treat his rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Arthur does not have cancer,but does have...

Question 10

Bryant has skin cancer and is being treated with a topical antimetabolite,which is most likely to be .

Accepted Answer

Fluorouracil is a topical antimetabolite that is commonly used to treat different types of skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis. It works by interfering with the growth and division of cancer cells, ultimately leading to their death. Vinorelbine and cisplatin are chemotherapy drugs that are typically used to treat cancers that have spread to other areas of the body, while leucovorin is a medication that is often used in combination with chemotherapy to increase its effectiveness.

Question 11

Emmaline has metastatic breast cancer and the tumor produces excess amounts of a protein called HER2.She is being treated with herceptin.What type of drug is herceptin?

Accepted Answer

Herceptin is a monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2 protein, which is overexpressed in some types of breast cancer. It binds to the HER2 receptor and blocks the signals that promote cancer cell growth and survival.

Question 12

Seventy-two year-old Adreanna has lung cancer.What semi-synthetic derived from a plant alkaloid is likely to be recommended?

Accepted Answer

Vinorelbine is a semi-synthetic drug derived from the periwinkle plant and is used to treat lung cancer. It is known to have fewer side effects compared to other chemotherapy drugs and may be recommended for a 72-year-old patient with lung cancer. Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel, and Cyclophosphamide can also be used to treat lung cancer but may have more side effects and may not be as well-suited for an elderly patient with preexisting health conditions.

Question 13

Marcy is receiving cisplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer.Cisplatin acts by .

Accepted Answer

Cisplatin damages the DNA needed for cell reproduction.

Question 14

Annika is in treatment for acute leukemia with an antitumor antibiotic that has lower levels of cardiotoxicity than other antitumor antibiotics.This medication is most likely .

Accepted Answer

Daunorubicin is an antitumor antibiotic used in the treatment of leukemia and is known to have lower cardiotoxicity compared to doxorubicin, another antitumor antibiotic.

Question 15

Sebastian has chronic myelogenous leukemia and is being given imatinib (Gleevec).Imatinib blocks specific enzymes and growth factor receptors that affect cancer cell proliferation and belongs to the class of drugs called .

Accepted Answer

Imatinib blocks specific enzymes and growth factor receptors that affect cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting signal transduction, making it a signal transduction inhibitor. Choice A, mitotic inhibitors interfere with cell division, B, antitumor antibiotics interfere with DNA synthesis or modulate DNA function, and C, monoclonal antibodies specifically recognize and bind to specific targets on cancer cells.

Question 16

Ziva is in treatment for lymphoma with an antitumor antibiotic.She will be closely monitored for signs of .

Accepted Answer

Antitumor antibiotics have a risk of causing cardiotoxicity, so Ziva needs to be closely monitored for signs of this. Immune system hyperactivity, peripheral neuropathy, and development of a secondary cancer are potential side effects of other types of cancer treatments, but not commonly associated with antitumor antibiotics.

Question 17

Darian is being treated for lymphoma and invariably experiences nausea and vomiting from his chemotherapy.What medication might be useful in minimizing these side effects?

Accepted Answer

Ondansetron is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. It works by blocking the action of chemicals in the brain that can trigger nausea and vomiting. Therefore, it would be the most useful medication to minimize the side effects experienced by Darian.

Question 18

Your friend Reanna asks you about cancer prevention methods that go beyond lifestyle changes.You inform her about Gardasil and Cervarix,which protect against infection by two high risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV).What percentage of cervical cancers,worldwide,are associated with those two types of HPV?

Accepted Answer

Gardasil and Cervarix protect against HPV types 16 and 18, which are responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide.

Question 19

Mitch is in treatment for lung cancer with doxorubicin.During the infusion,he should be closely monitored for .

Accepted Answer

Doxorubicin is a chemotherapy drug that can cause severe tissue damage if it leaks out of the vein (extravasation), so monitoring for intravenous infiltration is crucial.

Question 20

What type of drug is used as primary hormonal therapy for metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in both men and postmenopausal women,as well as for palliative treatment?

Accepted Answer

Antiestrogens such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are the primary hormonal therapy for metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in both men and postmenopausal women, as well as for palliative treatment.

Quiz 14: Antineoplastic Drugs