Question 1

Which of the following types of forest management is closest to sustainable forestry principles?

Accepted Answer

Shelter-wood cutting and selective cutting are the closest types of forest management to sustainable forestry principles. Shelter-wood cutting involves removing older trees in stages, allowing new growth to take place in the open spaces, while selective cutting involves carefully removing trees in a way that maintains a healthy forest ecosystem. Both methods allow for sustainable harvesting while promoting forest regeneration and biodiversity. Clear-cutting and burning are not sustainable practices as they can lead to soil erosion, habitat loss, and reduced biodiversity.

Question 2

The greatest human impacts on ocean ecosystems are concentrated

Accepted Answer

The majority of human impacts on ocean ecosystems are concentrated in the northern hemisphere, where there is more human activity and development along coastlines. This includes pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction.

Question 3

In preparation for the construction of a new,large subdivision,over 500 acres of hilly forest are cleared.In this cleared region,we will expect that

Accepted Answer

Clearing a large area of forest can lead to increased erosion, as rainwater can wash away topsoil and other sediment. To address this issue, it is common to build drainage systems in areas that have been cleared. This can help to prevent sediment from being carried away by rainwater and causing problems downstream. Options A and C are unlikely outcomes of forest clearing, as many animals and plants depend on forest habitats and may not be able to survive in cleared areas. Option D is also unlikely, as trees are important carbon sinks and removing them can lead to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

Question 4

The greatest potential for sustainable growth in fisheries is in

Accepted Answer

Aquaculture has the greatest potential for sustainable growth in fisheries, as it involves the controlled cultivation of fish and other aquatic organisms, which can be managed to minimize negative impacts on the environment and maximize efficiency. Freshwater and saltwater capture fisheries are limited by the availability of wild fish populations and can be vulnerable to overfishing and habitat degradation. While major rivers may have potential for sustainable fisheries, this would depend on the specific conditions and management strategies in place.

Question 5

The most promising solution to the global problem of depleted cod populations is to

Accepted Answer

The management principles used for Pacific halibut include setting quotas for harvesting, monitoring populations, and restricting fishing in certain areas or during certain times. These principles have been successful in preventing overfishing and allowing the population to recover. Applying similar management practices to cod populations could help prevent further depletion and allow for the population to recover. The other options may not be as effective or sustainable in the long term.

Question 6

-The map in this figure represents the location of the world's major

Accepted Answer

The answer of 
-The map in this figure represents the...

Question 7

Which one of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Globally, there has been an increasing trend in the establishment of protected areas, including forests, as reserves or parks to conserve biodiversity and combat deforestation.

Question 8

The most productive systems on land are

Accepted Answer

Forests are among the most productive systems on land because they have high levels of photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. This high level of productivity is due to the dense vegetation and large biomass found in forests, which include both large trees and a variety of undergrowth.

Question 9

Which of the following industries is most responsible for deforestation in the world?

Accepted Answer

Farming, particularly for the expansion of agricultural land for crops and livestock, is the leading cause of deforestation globally. This includes clearing forests for crops like soy and palm oil, as well as for cattle grazing.

Question 10

The most sustainable worldwide expansion of aquaculture is the production of

Accepted Answer

Herbivorous species in the open-ocean are considered the most sustainable option for worldwide aquaculture expansion because they require less feed from wild fish stocks, reducing the pressure on these stocks and minimizing the environmental impact compared to carnivorous species, which require higher trophic level feed. Additionally, open-ocean environments can disperse wastes more effectively than confined areas, reducing local pollution.

Question 11

Even-aged and uneven-aged management are used in

Accepted Answer

Even-aged and uneven-aged management are commonly used in silviculture, which is the practice of managing forests to achieve specific goals. Even-aged management involves managing trees of the same age and size, typically achieved through clear-cutting and replanting. Uneven-aged management involves managing trees of different ages and sizes, typically achieved through selective harvesting. Neither of the other options (lobster industry, fishing industries, habitat restoration) involve forest management practices.

Question 12

The growth of the global fish harvest in the last 20 years has mostly been due to increases in

Accepted Answer

Over the last 20 years, aquaculture has been the primary driver of growth in the global fish harvest. According to FAO, aquaculture accounts for nearly half of the world's total fish supply, and this proportion is expected to continue increasing in the future. At the same time, the share of wild-caught fish from saltwater and freshwater capture fisheries has remained relatively stable or even declined.

Question 13

Efforts to limit global deforestation should be concentrated

Accepted Answer

Developing regions of the world are most affected by deforestation due to their dependence on forest resources for income and subsistence. Therefore, efforts to limit deforestation should be concentrated in these areas to ensure sustainable development and preservation of forests.

Question 14

Cod landings from the Georges Bank of North America

Accepted Answer

Cod landings from the Georges Bank of North America are seriously depleted and need sustainable management practices. Despite some temporary upticks in recent years, the overall trend line shows a significant decline in the population of cod in this region over the past few decades. As such, there is a pressing need for effective management strategies to ensure the long-term sustainability of this important fishery.

Question 15

What global event happened about 35 years ago that helped some fishing areas recover?

Accepted Answer

The global event that happened about 35 years ago that helped some fishing areas recover was the extension of nations' jurisdiction from 12 to 200 miles offshore. This allowed countries to have greater control over their coastal waters and enforce regulations to protect fish populations from overfishing. This resulted in the recovery of some fishing areas due to better management and conservation efforts.

Question 16

Compared to forests using sustainable forest management,commercial forests managed for maximum sustainable yield of commercially valuable species will

Accepted Answer

Commercial forests managed for maximum sustainable yield of commercially valuable species often involve practices that can lead to greater erosion problems, such as clear-cutting or selective logging of specific species, which can disrupt soil stability and water absorption. Sustainable forest management, in contrast, aims to maintain and enhance the long-term health of forest ecosystems, which can help prevent erosion.

Question 17

Feeling a strong sense of environmental responsibility,you decide to do your part to decrease the global loss of rain forests.Which of the following activities helps you contribute to rain forest conservation?

Accepted Answer

Purchasing village-managed shade-grown cacao from South America helps to support sustainable practices within rain forests, as well as the local economies and communities. Eating more beef from Brazil contributes to deforestation, promoting the purchase of wood products from South America can encourage further deforestation, and avoiding the purchase of all nuts and fruits harvested from forests in Brazil is not a sustainable or realistic solution.

Question 18

Which of the following lumber harvesting strategies will most likely produce erosion problems?

Accepted Answer

Clear-cutting involves the removal of all trees from a particular area at once, leaving the soil exposed and vulnerable to erosion. This can lead to increased runoff, sedimentation in nearby water bodies, and loss of topsoil, making it the most likely to produce erosion problems among the given options. Selective cutting, shelter-wood cutting, and sustainable forest management involve more controlled and deliberate removal of trees, leaving enough vegetation cover to minimize erosion risks.

Question 19

Compared to near-shore aquaculture,open ocean aquaculture

Accepted Answer

Open ocean aquaculture has less competition from other activities as it is located in areas that are further from shore and not utilized for other purposes such as recreation or shipping.

Question 20

The last 50 years of declining productivity of the commercial fish populations off the northeast coast of North America reveal the impact of

Accepted Answer

The declining productivity of commercial fish populations off the northeast coast of North America over the last 50 years is primarily due to overfishing. This means that the fish populations have been caught faster than they can reproduce, leading to their decline. While air and water pollution and global climate change can also impact fish populations, they are not the primary cause of declining productivity in this context.

Quiz 7: The Use and Restoration of Ecosystems