Question 1

How do developmental psychopathologists characterize abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

What does the study of facilitated communication demonstrate about the value (or harm)of ignoring empirically-based interventions in favor of other forms of treatment?

Accepted Answer

The study of facilitated communication has shown that interventions that are not empirically based can be harmful to clients and their families. Facilitated communication was widely used in the 1990s as a way to communicate with nonverbal individuals, but it was later found to be unreliable and based on the facilitator's subconscious movements rather than the individual's intended communication. This highlights the importance of relying on interventions with empirical evidence to support their effectiveness, rather than alternative treatments that have not been rigorously tested.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a challenge mentioned in your text when determining prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents?

Accepted Answer

The text does not mention the lack of a standard definition of mental disorders as a challenge in determining their prevalence in children and adolescents.

Question 4

Your textbook reports findings from a recent study (Frick,2013)that found an association between single-parent families and increased mental health problems.Which of the following can we conclude from this study?

Accepted Answer

The study reported an association between single-parent households and increased rates of mental disorder, but it did not determine the cause. Therefore, we cannot conclude that low SES causes mental disorders or that mental disorders make it more likely for a second parent to leave the home.

Question 5

Wakefield's (1992)concept of "harmful dysfunction" ______.

Accepted Answer

Wakefield's concept of "harmful dysfunction" provides criteria for differentiating normal from abnormal behavior by defining dysfunction as a failure of a mental mechanism to perform its natural function, leading to harm to the individual or others. This does not necessarily require an underlying biological cause, nor does it assume that a biological or medical cause has been ruled out before a psychiatric diagnosis is assigned. It also does not assert that genetic or biological factors play a greater role in psychopathology than social-cultural factors.

Question 6

Medication used to treat a psychological disorder is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Psychotropic medications are drugs that affect the brain and are used to treat various psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. These medications are prescribed by a licensed psychiatrist or medical professional and should be taken only as directed.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about prevalence is true?

Accepted Answer

Lifetime prevalence includes all cases that have occurred over a person's lifetime, while point prevalence only includes cases at a specific point in time. Therefore, point prevalence can never be higher than lifetime prevalence, as lifetime prevalence includes all cases present at any given point in time.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the relationship between psychotropic medication and age?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that adolescents are more likely to be prescribed psychotropic medication than younger children. This may be due to the higher prevalence of psychological disorders in adolescence, as well as the typically greater severity of these disorders compared to those in younger children.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of students providing services to children in need?

Accepted Answer

It is crucial for students to consider whether their interventions are the most effective means of assisting their clients. This involves questioning the evidence for the intervention and being aware of ethical considerations. Additionally, it is important for students to receive supervision to ensure that they are providing services safely and effectively.

Question 10

Your text describes a study (Hamilton,Strange,et al.,2015)about stressful events that involved important people or relationships in children's and adolescents' lives.The results of this study imply that ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your text describes a study (Hamilton,Strange,et al.,2015)about...

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relative rates of mental disorders in children and adolescents of different sexes?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that boys are more likely to experience mental disorders in childhood, but girls become more vulnerable to mental health problems during adolescence. As girls go through hormonal changes and social pressures increase, they are more likely to experience depression, anxiety, and eating disorders than boys. However, it is important to note that mental disorders can affect both boys and girls at any age.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the sociodemographic factors that is considered especially important for understanding psychological disorders,according to your text?

Accepted Answer

The sociodemographic factors considered especially important for understanding psychological disorders, according to the text, include age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Birth order is not specifically mentioned as one of these factors.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes prevalence rates of mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of certain mental disorders, including anxiety disorders, has been found to be higher among White children compared to non-White children. This reflects the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors in the manifestation of mental health disorders across different ethnic groups.

Question 14

Since 1995,the percentage of youth receiving medication to treat their psychological problems has ______; the percentage of youth receiving therapy to treat their psychological problems has ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Since 1995,the percentage of youth receiving medication...

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an essential component of the DSM-5 definition of a mental disorder?

Accepted Answer

While the disturbance being long lasting is often a characteristic of mental disorders, it is not an essential component of the DSM-5 definition. The essential components are: a pattern of behavior that occurs within an individual, a behavior that reflects an underlying dysfunction, and the consequences of the behavior causing distress or disability.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of comorbidity?

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more disorders or conditions in the same individual. It is particularly prevalent in individuals with depression, who often have other disorders (such as anxiety or substance use disorders) at the same time. A and D are incorrect because comorbidity is not rare and is not more common in children than adolescents. B is incorrect because comorbidity refers to having two or more disorders at the same time, not recovering from one and then developing another.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT represented in socioeconomic status (SES)?

Accepted Answer

While parents' reputation in the community may have some influence on their socioeconomic status, it is not typically considered a direct factor in determining SES. Factors such as education, employment, and income are more commonly used to determine SES.

Question 18

How has the overall prevalence of mental health disorders among children changed over the past several decades?

Accepted Answer

The overall prevalence of mental health disorders among children has increased over the past several decades. This can be attributed to factors such as increased awareness and detection of mental health issues, changes in social and family structures, and increased stressors on children.

Question 19

Epidemiologists often report the prevalence of a medical or psychological disorder.What is "prevalence"?

Accepted Answer

Prevalence refers to the proportion of people in a population who have a specific medical or psychological disorder at a given point in time. It is typically reported as a percentage because it represents the number of individuals with the disorder out of the total population. Option A refers to the absolute number of people with the disorder, which may be less informative without considering the population size. Option C refers to incidence, which refers to the number of new cases of a disorder in a population over a given period. Option D combines incidence and prevalence, which can be confusing and misleading.

Question 20

Clinical interventions that are not grounded in psychological science can harm children and families.Which of the following is NOT a way identified in the text that scientifically uninformed practice can hurt clients?

Accepted Answer

The text does not mention that ineffective treatments have been proven to substantially increase the rates of depression in parents. The other options are valid ways that scientifically uninformed practice can harm clients.

Quiz 1: The Science and Practice of Abnormal Child Psychology