Question 1

Brittany has always struggled with her weight.During a recent physical examination,her doctor recommended that she lose 30 pounds.What is the most probable reason that Brittany is overweight?

Accepted Answer

Brittany is likely overweight because she is highly sensitive to external cues for hunger, which means she may eat in response to environmental triggers rather than actual physiological hunger.

Question 2

What do motivation and emotion have in common?

Accepted Answer

Motivation and emotion both involve arousal of an organism to stimulate behavior. Motivation often involves a desire to achieve a particular goal, while emotion is a response to a particular stimulus. However, both can lead to changes in behavior.

Question 3

Why are animals motivated to explore their environments?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Incentive theories of motivation are often described as "____" theories because external rewards move an organism toward a goal.

Accepted Answer

Incentive theories of motivation are often referred to as "pull" theories because they suggest that external rewards or incentives, such as money or recognition, pull individuals towards a specific goal or behavior. This is in contrast to "push" theories of motivation, which suggest that internal drives or instincts push individuals to behave in certain ways.

Question 5

Hours into their cross-country road trip,Lloyd and Harry are famished.The two friends argue about what to do.Should they stop at a highway rest stop,or search for a place to eat in the nearest town? They decide to stop this time at a rest stop,and next time in town.How is motivation demonstrated in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Motivation is demonstrated by the fact that Lloyd and Harry are driven by their physical need for sustenance, leading them to actively seek out food.

Question 6

Drive theories of motivation are often described as "____" theories because internal drives move an organism toward a goal.

Accepted Answer

Drive theories of motivation are considered "push" theories because they emphasize internal drives that push an organism toward achieving a goal.

Question 7

We can think of motivation as a process that maintains ____.

Accepted Answer

Motivation is a process that maintains homeostasis, which is the stable internal environment of an organism. Homeostasis includes maintaining a balance in physiological processes such as body temperature, blood sugar, and hydration levels. Motivation drives behaviors that help an individual achieve or maintain homeostasis. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Options A, B, and D do not relate to the concept of motivation in this context.

Question 8

How does motivation offer a survival advantage?

Accepted Answer

Motivation helps individuals prioritize their actions and goals, avoiding the waste of energy on activities that do not contribute to survival or reproduction. This can give an advantage in situations where resources are limited or competition is high, allowing motivated individuals to allocate energy efficiently and increase their chances of survival.

Question 9

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of drive reduction?

Accepted Answer

Drive reduction theory suggests that when an individual experiences a physiological need or drive, they are motivated to satisfy that need in order to alleviate the discomfort. In this scenario, Mary moves into the shade to reduce the discomfort caused by the sun, which is an example of drive reduction.

Option B does not illustrate drive reduction because Dom is not motivated to alleviate his discomfort, and option C describes an emotional response to outside stimuli rather than a physiological drive. Option D describes a positive reinforcement, but it's not related to drive reduction.

Question 10

A state of tension and arousal triggered by cues important for survival is referred to as ____.

Accepted Answer

A state of tension and arousal triggered by cues important for survival is referred to as a drive. Emotion refers to a complex psychological state that involves subjective experience, physiological response, and behavioral expression. Mood is a prolonged emotional state that is not necessarily triggered by a specific event or stimulus. Motivation is the driving force behind behavior, encompassing all factors that initiate, direct, and sustain behavior. However, in this particular context, drive seems to be the most appropriate answer.

Question 11

Clarice wakes up in a daze and remembers that she has to do laundry.On her way to the laundry room,she encounters an enormous black spider,which causes her heart to race.Despite this,she continues to the laundry room and stays until all of her clothes are washed and dried to her satisfaction.What aspect of Clarice's day demonstrates motivation?

Accepted Answer

Clarice's decision to continue with her laundry despite feeling scared of the spider displays her motivation to complete a task she had set out to do.

Question 12

According to psychologist ____,motivation is a process that is best thought of as a process that maintains homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

Walter Cannon proposed the concept of homeostasis, which refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism. Cannon believed that motivation was a process that served to maintain homeostasis by driving an organism to fulfill its physiological needs. Therefore, D is the correct answer.

Question 13

Which of the following is the best statement of the distinction between a mood and an emotion?

Accepted Answer

A mood is a general state that tends to be longer-lasting and less intense than an emotion. In contrast, an emotion is a more specific state that tends to be shorter-lasting and more intense than a mood. This differentiation suggests that mood is a more general and stable background we bring to a situation, while emotions are more temporary, reactive, and face-specific. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they present inaccurate or incomplete statements about the distinction between moods and emotions.

Question 14

Which researcher supports an incentive theory of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Stern supports an incentive theory of motivation, which posits that rewards play a central role in shaping motivation. This aligns with the definition of incentive theory, which suggests that behavior is motivated by the prospect of receiving external rewards or avoiding negative consequences. The other options either focus on internal forces or instinctive behaviors, which are not the primary focus of incentive theory.

Question 15

Clarice wakes up in a daze and remembers that she has to do laundry.On her way to the laundry room,she encounters an enormous black spider,which causes her heart to race.Despite this,she continues to the laundry room and stays until all of her clothes are washed and dried to her satisfaction.At what point does Clarice experience an emotion?

Accepted Answer

Clarice experiences fear and an elevated heart rate when she encounters the spider. This is a clear example of an emotional response.

Question 16

Eriq is going to the "Grand Opening" of a local sporting goods store because he read that there will be food,giveaways,and a raffle for a grand prize of a $500 gift card.Eriq is motivated by ______ rewards.

Accepted Answer

Eriq is motivated by the extrinsic reward of the $500 gift card, as well as the giveaways and food. Extrinsic rewards are external incentives that come from factors outside of oneself, like money, prizes, or recognition.

Question 17

A(n)_____ is a value that is defended in order to maintain homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A set point is a value or level that the body defends in order to maintain homeostasis, such as body temperature or blood glucose levels. The body works to keep these values within a certain range, even when external conditions change.

Question 18

Incentive theories of motivation are to ____ as drive theories are to ____.

Accepted Answer

Incentive theories of motivation focus on external factors, which "pull" or encourage behavior. Meanwhile, drive theories of motivation emphasize internal factors, which "push" or compel behavior.

Question 19

Sally loves to run,and works jogging into her daily schedule because she enjoys the outdoors.Sally is motivated by a(n)____ reward.

Accepted Answer

Sally is motivated by her own internal enjoyment and satisfaction of running, which is intrinsic motivation. This is not a result of external rewards or outside pressure (extrinsic), nor is it a top-down or bottom-up influence.

Question 20

Caesar ingests a large meal,causing his blood glucose levels to rise.In response,Caesar's pancreas releases insulin to remove glucose from the blood stream.As glucose levels drop,the pancreas stops releasing insulin.Which factor establishes the set point?

Accepted Answer

Glucose levels in the blood stream establish the set point for insulin release. When glucose levels rise, insulin is released to bring them back down to the set point. When glucose levels drop back down to the set point, insulin release stops.

Quiz 7: The Feeling Mind Emotion and Motivation