Question 1

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-acyclovir

Accepted Answer

Acyclovir crystals are characterized by their appearance as colorless slender needles that exhibit strong birefringence when viewed under polarized light.

Question 2

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-in the reaction to detect blood in the urine,microbial peroxidase activity associated with urinary tract infection can produce

Accepted Answer

Microbial peroxidase activity can produce a false-positive result in the reaction to detect blood in the urine. This is because the peroxidase activity can react with the reagent strips, resulting in the release of oxygen and the appearance of a color change that mimics the presence of blood.

Question 3

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-uric acid

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the name of each type of...

Question 4

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-urinary preservatives in urine testing for leukocyte esterase

Accepted Answer

Urinary preservatives, such as formalin or boric acid, can cause false-positive results in leukocyte esterase testing by interfering with the reagent reaction.

Question 5

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once).
-RBC casts and RBCs

Accepted Answer

RBC casts and RBCs are associated with glomerular damage, which can be caused by various conditions including glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Answer: C 
 RBC casts and RBCs can also be seen in acute pyelonephritis, which is an infection of the kidneys.

Answer: A 
 Exposure to nephrotoxic substances, such as certain medications or chemicals, can also lead to RBC casts and RBCs in the urine.

Answer: B 
 While urinary tract infections can cause white blood cell casts and pyuria, RBC casts and RBCs are not typically associated with this condition.

Question 6

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once).
-epithelial casts

Accepted Answer

Epithelial casts are associated with exposure to nephrotoxic substances, which can cause damage to the renal tubular epithelium, leading to the formation of these casts.

Question 7

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-proteins are present without the presence of albumin

Accepted Answer

Chemical reagent strips are typically designed to detect albumin, so the presence of other proteins may not be detected, leading to a false-negative result.

Question 8

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once).
-bacterial casts

Accepted Answer

Bacterial casts are typically associated with acute pyelonephritis, a type of kidney infection.

Question 9

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-amorphous urates

Accepted Answer

Amorphous urates are typically found in acid urine, where they precipitate out of solution.

Question 10

Match the terms with the appropriate situations that result in abnormal urine volumes.
-anuria

Accepted Answer

Anuria refers to the complete absence of urine formation.

Answer: C
 Oliguria is the term for an abnormally small amount of urine, less than 500 mL/24 hours.

Answer: D
 No specific term is given for excretion of more than 400 mL urine at night.

Answer: E
 Polyuria is the consistent elimination of an abnormally large volume of urine, more than 2000 mL/24 hours.

Question 11

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-triple phosphate

Accepted Answer

Triple phosphate crystals are often described as "coffin lids" due to their distinctive shape.

Question 12

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-the reaction for protein may be produced,if a urine specimen is exceptionally alkaline or highly buffered

Accepted Answer

An alkaline or highly buffered urine specimen can lead to a false-positive protein result on chemical reagent strips. This is because an alkaline pH can cause protein molecules to become more soluble and therefore more detectable by the reagent strip.

Question 13

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-in the detection of blood in the urine,ascorbic acid in urine specimens containing more than 25 mg/dL

Accepted Answer

Ascorbic acid in urine specimens containing more than 25 mg/dL can cause false-negative results in the detection of blood because it acts as a reducing agent, interfering with the chemical reaction on the reagent strip designed to detect blood.

Question 14

Match the terms with the appropriate situations that result in abnormal urine volumes.
-nocturia

Accepted Answer

Nocturia is the condition of waking up during the night with the need to urinate, resulting in the excretion of more than 400 mL of urine at night.

Question 15

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-a blue color forms for the protein reaction,if the urine is exposed to the reagent strip for too long

Accepted Answer

If the urine is exposed to the reagent strip for too long, a blue color may form for the protein reaction even when there is no protein present in the urine, resulting in a false-positive result.

Question 16

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once).
-WBC casts

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the respective type of casts with...

Question 17

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-medications (e.g.,azo-containing compounds or dyes that color urine red or that turn red in an acidic medium when testing for nitrite for the detection of bacteria in urine)

Accepted Answer

Medications containing azo dyes or compounds can cause false-positive results on chemical reagent strips. These compounds can cause the urine to turn red, which can be mistaken for the presence of blood or other substances on the strip. This can lead to incorrect diagnoses and unnecessary treatments.

Question 18

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-calcium oxalate

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the name of each type of...

Quiz 13: Renal Physiology and Urinalysis

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -acyclovir

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -in the reaction to detect blood in the urine,microbial peroxidase activity associated with urinary tract infection can produce

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -uric acid

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -urinary preservatives in urine testing for leukocyte esterase

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once) . -RBC casts and RBCs

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once) . -epithelial casts

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -proteins are present without the presence of albumin

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once) . -bacterial casts

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -amorphous urates

Match the terms with the appropriate situations that result in abnormal urine volumes. -anuria

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -triple phosphate

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -the reaction for protein may be produced,if a urine specimen is exceptionally alkaline or highly buffered

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -in the detection of blood in the urine,ascorbic acid in urine specimens containing more than 25 mg/dL

Match the terms with the appropriate situations that result in abnormal urine volumes. -nocturia

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -a blue color forms for the protein reaction,if the urine is exposed to the reagent strip for too long

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once) . -WBC casts

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -medications (e.g.,azo-containing compounds or dyes that color urine red or that turn red in an acidic medium when testing for nitrite for the detection of bacteria in urine)

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -calcium oxalate