Question 1

About half of individuals with ASD are nonverbal.

Accepted Answer

While communication challenges are common in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the majority are verbal. The percentage of nonverbal individuals is significantly less than half.

Question 2

In a classroom using the TEACCH approach,the basketball and the basketball hoop are painted the same color.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a classroom using the TEACCH approach,the...

Question 3

Which of the following is true of the effectiveness and efficacy of pivotal response training?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that pivotal response training can be as effective as traditional early intensive behavioral intervention in improving outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder.

Question 4

Theory of mind deficits in children with ASD ______.

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind deficits refer to the difficulty individuals with ASD may have in understanding the thoughts, feelings, and intentions of others. This can make responding appropriately to social cues difficult, which can result in challenges in more complex social interactions. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it correctly recognizes the underlying issues related to theory of mind deficits in ASD. Option A is also a correct choice as true belief tasks have been used to assess theory of mind in individuals with ASD. Option B is incorrect as research has shown that theory of mind deficits are not less severe in children with Down syndrome. Option D is incorrect as making incorrect assumptions about the mental states of others is a consequence of theory of mind deficits, not the cause.

Question 5

What is the goal of the TEACCH method?

Accepted Answer

The TEACCH method aims to help children with ASD fit comfortably and effectively in the classroom by providing individualized visual and organizational support. While it may indirectly lead to increased self-sufficiency and behavior regulation, those are not the primary goals of the method. Providing training to teachers is also a component of the TEACCH method, but it is not the primary goal.

Question 6

Artie takes his toy robot with him to the museum.He holds him up to the dinosaurs and says,"Robot wants to see too !" This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of symbolic play because Artie is using his imagination to pretend that the toy robot is interested in seeing the dinosaurs at the museum. This is a normal and healthy developmental behavior in young children. A deficit in social understanding, social disorientation, and deficits in theory of mind would involve more complex and nuanced social interactions and behaviors.

Question 7

Routine screening for ASD across children typically occurs ______.

Accepted Answer

Routine screening for ASD usually occurs at the doctor's office during well-child visits at 18 and 24 months. However, some doctors may screen as early as 12 months or continue screening beyond 24 months if there are concerns. The Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised is a tool used to assist in the diagnosis of ASD, but it is not typically used for routine screening. Brain scans are not routinely used for screening ASD.

Question 8

Gina is participating in the UCLA Young Autism Project,developed by O.Ivar Lovaas.Her therapist places a car and a key in front of her and tells her to pick up the car.She does.Which stage of Lovaas's program is she in?

Accepted Answer

Gina is in Stage 2, which focuses on teaching the child to perform basic actions upon command. In this stage, the therapist uses physical prompts to help the child learn the desired behavior, such as placing the car and key in front of the child and telling them to pick up the car.

Question 9

What was the result of research into the effectiveness of the UCLA Young Autism Project?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the UCLA Young Autism Project was effective in improving outcomes for children with autism if practiced for the full 40 hours per week of training. However, training at 10 hours per week produced effects no different than referral to other professionals in the community.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a true difference between pivotal response training and discrete trial training?

Accepted Answer

Pivotal response training and discrete trial training are both considered early intensive behavioral interventions. The distinction between them lies in their methodologies and focus areas, not in their classification as early interventions.

Question 11

Early intensive behavioral intervention focuses on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Early intensive behavioral intervention focuses on overt behavior, specifically targeting the development of basic skills such as communication, socialization, and independence. It utilizes techniques such as positive reinforcement, prompting, and shaping to teach new skills and reduce problem behaviors.

Question 12

Empathy involves which two components?

Accepted Answer

Empathy involves both understanding another's mental state and feeling an appropriate emotional reaction to it. Option A is incorrect because it does not include the emotional component of empathy. Option B is incorrect because it only refers to understanding and does not include the emotional aspect. Option D is incorrect because it only refers to the social component of empathy and does not include the emotional understanding.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the pattern of eye movements of 2-year-olds when watching videos of a caregiver?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best describes the...

Question 14

Which of the following lessons would benefit most from hand-over-hand assistance?

Accepted Answer

Tying one's shoes requires fine motor skills and coordination, which can be difficult for some individuals, especially those with disabilities or developmental delays. Hand-over-hand assistance can provide the necessary support and guidance to help the individual learn the skill. The other lessons can generally be taught through verbal or visual instruction without the need for physical assistance.

Question 15

A therapist of a 4-year-old child with ASD watches how she plays with a toy bird by flying it in the air and then the therapist takes a similar toy bird and makes it fly,too.This is most likely associated with which type of treatment?

Accepted Answer

RIT involves the therapist and child engaging in reciprocal imitation, where the therapist imitates the child's play actions and then the child imitates the therapist's actions. The scenario described in the question is an example of reciprocal imitation, so the most likely treatment being used is RIT.

Question 16

What is the purpose of structuring the child's environment in early intensive behavioral intervention?

Accepted Answer

Structuring the child's environment in early intensive behavioral intervention compensates for the deficits children with ASD have in learning from their typical, unstructured environment and increases the chances for success. This can include creating a consistent routine, providing clear and concise instructions, and minimizing distractions.

Question 17

Which of the following is a limitation of Discrete Trial Training?

Accepted Answer

Discrete Trial Training focuses on teaching specific skills through repetition and reinforcement, but it may not always promote generalization or independence. This can limit the ability of individuals with ASD to self-manage and self-direct their behavior.

Question 18

Which of the following have been approved by the FDA for children with ASD who exhibit challenging behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Abilify and Risperdal have been approved by the FDA for children with ASD who exhibit challenging behaviors. Strattera and Ritalin are primarily used for ADHD, while Concerta is primarily used for ADHD and narcolepsy, and none of these drugs have been specifically approved for treating challenging behaviors in children with ASD.

Question 19

In what way is symbolic play related to language acquisition,according to Jean Piaget?

Accepted Answer

According to Piaget, symbolic play involves the use of one object or action to represent another, which is also a fundamental aspect of language acquisition. Both symbolic play and language acquisition require the ability to understand and use a symbol system, which involves mentally representing things that are not physically present.

Question 20

Joint attention symbolic play engagement and regulation (JASPER)relies on what approach?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Joint attention symbolic play engagement and regulation...

Quiz 6: Autism Spectrum Disorder