Question 1

Describe three of the theories of language that have dominated the study of human communication at various time.Be sure to include the theory that is most popular presently and discuss the reasons for it's popularity.

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Question 2

For successful transition into adult life,speech and/or language intervention should focus on functional communication.Describe what this means and list at least five skills that might be contained in a functional communication curriculum.

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Question 3

The current trend in early intervention is to provide speech and language intervention in the natural environment of the young child.Discuss the rationale underlying this trend and describe three strategies that are consistent with the trend.

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Question 4

Describe each of the five subsystems of language (phonology,morphology,syntax,semantics,and pragmatics)and,for each,provide an original example of an error that would be made by a child who has difficulty with that subsystem.

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Question 5

Provide an illustrative example of each of the four common articulation problems.When are articulation problems considered to be a disorder?

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Question 6

Interpretive Exercise
When she was 13 months-old,Ruth took her first steps.Although she showed no signs of developing speech,her parents were reassured by the pediatrician that many children do not speak until age two.During the second year of life,Ruth began using gestures and facial expressions to initiate interaction with family members and to indicate preferences and needs.Her parents had her hearing tested,but there was no evidence of a hearing loss.Now,at the age of four,Ruth still does not speak and she shows no signs of understanding speech.In all other respects (e.g. ,motor skills,visual perception,physical structures necessary to produce speech,social skills),Ruth appears to be a typical four year-old.
-An educational program for Ruth should emphasize the form and structure aspects of language development.

Accepted Answer

Since Ruth shows no signs of understanding or producing speech, an educational program for her should focus on developing her receptive and expressive language skills, not just the form and structure of language. This would involve interventions to address any underlying language or communication disorders, as well as activities to promote social interaction, joint attention, and language comprehension skills.

Question 7

Describe three ways that speech-language pathologists and teachers can collaborate to serve students with communication disorders.

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Question 8

Describe the three categories that adolescents and adults in speech and language intervention programs typically fit in.

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Question 9

Interpretive Exercise
When she was 13 months-old,Ruth took her first steps.Although she showed no signs of developing speech,her parents were reassured by the pediatrician that many children do not speak until age two.During the second year of life,Ruth began using gestures and facial expressions to initiate interaction with family members and to indicate preferences and needs.Her parents had her hearing tested,but there was no evidence of a hearing loss.Now,at the age of four,Ruth still does not speak and she shows no signs of understanding speech.In all other respects (e.g. ,motor skills,visual perception,physical structures necessary to produce speech,social skills),Ruth appears to be a typical four year-old.
-What type of communication disorder does Ruth appear to have?

Accepted Answer

Ruth's inability to speak and understand speech indicates a language disorder. This is further supported by her use of gestures and facial expressions to initiate communication. Since she shows no signs of a hearing loss and appears to be typical in all other respects, it is less likely that she has a speech or apraxia disorder.

Question 10

Interpretive Exercise
When she was 13 months-old,Ruth took her first steps.Although she showed no signs of developing speech,her parents were reassured by the pediatrician that many children do not speak until age two.During the second year of life,Ruth began using gestures and facial expressions to initiate interaction with family members and to indicate preferences and needs.Her parents had her hearing tested,but there was no evidence of a hearing loss.Now,at the age of four,Ruth still does not speak and she shows no signs of understanding speech.In all other respects (e.g. ,motor skills,visual perception,physical structures necessary to produce speech,social skills),Ruth appears to be a typical four year-old.
-Ruth's parents are looking for an effective preschool program for Ruth.Write an advertisement from the perspective of a preschool director that would likely appeal to Ruth's parents (the advertisement should reflect your knowledge of effective practices).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Interpretive Exercise
When she was 13 months-old,Ruth took...

Question 11

Interpretive Exercise
When she was 13 months-old,Ruth took her first steps.Although she showed no signs of developing speech,her parents were reassured by the pediatrician that many children do not speak until age two.During the second year of life,Ruth began using gestures and facial expressions to initiate interaction with family members and to indicate preferences and needs.Her parents had her hearing tested,but there was no evidence of a hearing loss.Now,at the age of four,Ruth still does not speak and she shows no signs of understanding speech.In all other respects (e.g. ,motor skills,visual perception,physical structures necessary to produce speech,social skills),Ruth appears to be a typical four year-old.
-Although Ruth doesn't speak,she can communicate.

Accepted Answer

While Ruth does not speak, the passage mentions that she began using gestures and facial expressions to initiate interaction and indicate preferences and needs. This shows that Ruth is able to communicate through nonverbal means.

Question 12

Many of the academic and social difficulties of adolescents and adults are now attributed to basic language disorders.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that language disorders can have significant impacts on academic and social functioning for individuals across the lifespan. This includes difficulties with reading, writing, communication, and understanding instructions or directions, among others. These challenges can lead to frustrations, decreased self-esteem, and decreased opportunities for success. Early identification and intervention can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with language disorders.

Question 13

Distinguish between disorders of language and disorders of speech and provide two examples of each (define each example).

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Question 14

Interpretive Exercise
When she was 13 months-old,Ruth took her first steps.Although she showed no signs of developing speech,her parents were reassured by the pediatrician that many children do not speak until age two.During the second year of life,Ruth began using gestures and facial expressions to initiate interaction with family members and to indicate preferences and needs.Her parents had her hearing tested,but there was no evidence of a hearing loss.Now,at the age of four,Ruth still does not speak and she shows no signs of understanding speech.In all other respects (e.g. ,motor skills,visual perception,physical structures necessary to produce speech,social skills),Ruth appears to be a typical four year-old.
-Ruth appears to have difficulties with

Accepted Answer

Ruth's inability to speak and understand speech indicates difficulties in both expressive and receptive language. This is supported by the fact that she did not develop speech by age two, and does not appear to understand speech at age four despite normal hearing and other typical developmental skills.

Quiz 9: Learners With Communication Disorders