Question 1

Which of the following would be the nurse's assessment of a patient that was admitted with hypoxia that has been advanced from a face mask to a nasal cannula?

Accepted Answer

Advancing from a face mask to a nasal cannula indicates an improvement in the patient's condition as the need for a higher level of oxygen support is decreasing.

Question 2

A person is diagnosed with a fungal respiratory infection. Which of the following elements of this person's history would help explain the reason for the disease? The person:

Accepted Answer

Working on a fresh poultry farm can increase the risk of exposure to fungal spores, which can lead to respiratory infections. The other options do not directly relate to fungal respiratory infections.

Question 3

A person who is receiving radiation therapy for lung cancer complains of ongoing fatigue. What is appropriate teaching for this person?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue is a common side effect of radiation therapy, but it can be managed. Encouraging the person to take frequent rest periods and consume a well-balanced diet can help manage the fatigue. Restricting protein intake is not generally recommended and there is no evidence to support the idea that the fatigue will continue for years. Finally, telling the person that there is nothing that can help with fatigue is discouraging and unhelpful.

Question 4

A person is diagnosed with a tension pneumothorax. Which of the following would be consistent with this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person is diagnosed with a tension...

Question 5

A 20-year-old person who is asking questions about smoking cessation tells the nurse about an upcoming class on scuba diving. The nurse identifies that this person might be at risk of developing what?

Accepted Answer

Scuba diving involves the use of compressed air to breathe underwater, which can put individuals at risk for developing a pneumothorax (collapsed lung) if they have a history of smoking. Smoking damages the lungs and increases the risk of developing lung conditions such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis, which can increase the likelihood of a pneumothorax occurring.

Question 6

The nurse observes air bubbles in a person's chest tube water seal chamber. How should the nurse interpret this finding?

Accepted Answer

Air bubbles in the chest tube water seal chamber are a normal finding and indicate that air is being expelled from the person's pleural space. The water seal chamber allows air to exit the pleural space through the chest tube, while preventing air from entering back into the pleural space. As air exits the pleural space, it creates intermittent air bubbles in the water seal chamber, which is a sign that the chest tube is functioning properly.

Question 7

A person who is diagnosed with primary atypical pneumonia tells the nurse that he 'doesn't feel too sick.' What is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

Primary atypical pneumonia is caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae and is typically a mild illness, causing symptoms similar to a cold or mild flu. Therefore, the nurse's best response is to inform the patient that this type of pneumonia is usually mild in its effects. It is important to provide accurate information to the patient while also being supportive and positive in tone. Choices A and D are not appropriate responses as they are dismissive and may cause unnecessary worry for the patient. Choice C may be a possibility but without more information, it is not a definitive response.

Question 8

A person with lung cancer is demonstrating signs of complete tumour response after two courses of chemotherapy. What should the nurse conclude about this response? It is:

Accepted Answer

Complete tumor response after two courses of chemotherapy is a positive sign for the patient's long-term survival from the disease. However, further treatment options like radiation therapy or surgery may still need to be considered based on individual patient factors and the stage of cancer.

Question 9

Which of the following should be included in the discharge instructions of a patient diagnosed with a lung abscess?

Accepted Answer

Completing the entire course of antibiotics is crucial to ensure the complete eradication of the infection and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

Answer: B 
 It is important for the patient to understand that symptoms may initially worsen before improving, as the body responds to the antibiotic treatment and eliminates the infection.

Answer: C 
 The patient should be advised to gradually resume routine activities of daily living as tolerated, but avoid strenuous activity until fully recovered.

Answer: D 
 This statement is incorrect as complications such as lung abscess rupture or spread of infection to other parts of the body can occur if the condition is not properly treated or managed early on.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is correct about a white blood cell (WBC)differential for a person with pneumonia? The white blood cell count is:

Accepted Answer

A WBC differential for a person with bacterial pneumonia would show an increase in the number of neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell that respond to bacterial infections. Therefore, the correct answer is D, which states that the white blood cell count is elevated with bacterial pneumonia.

Question 11

The nurse is providing care to a person with a differential diagnosis of carbon monoxide poisoning. Which of the following would be consistent with this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Cherry red mucous membranes, nausea, and dizziness are consistent with carbon monoxide poisoning. Circumoral pallor may be present in other conditions, but is not specific to carbon monoxide poisoning.

Question 12

A person who had a Mantoux test for tuberculosis 2 days ago has a 2 mm area of erythema at the site of the test. What is the significance of the person's test result? It:

Accepted Answer

A 2 mm area of erythema at the site of the Mantoux test is considered to be a negative result for tuberculosis. A positive result would typically have an area of erythema greater than 5 mm and would require further testing and evaluation. Follow-up with a chest x-ray may still be necessary depending on the individual's medical history and risk factors for tuberculosis. A lung biopsy would not be necessary based solely on a 2 mm area of erythema.

Question 13

A person states, 'I've been sick for days and all my general practitioner does is take a chest x-ray, hand me prescriptions, and tell me I have bronchitis.' Which of the following is correct about the person's treatment? It:

Accepted Answer

The treatment described is appropriate for the diagnosis of bronchitis. Chest x-rays are not needed for the diagnosis of bronchitis but may be done to rule out other respiratory problems such as pneumonia. Prescribing medications, including antibiotics or bronchodilators, is a standard treatment for bronchitis. Hospitalization is not typically required for the treatment of bronchitis, except in severe cases or when complications arise.

Question 14

A person is diagnosed with pleurisy. What does the nurse teach the person to do for the associated chest pain?

Accepted Answer

Splinting the affected area when coughing can help reduce the pain associated with pleurisy. Warning the person to expect a fever is not necessary, as fever is not always present with pleurisy. Strict bed rest is not necessary unless the person is experiencing severe symptoms. Only taking the prescribed analgesic when the pain is severe may not provide adequate pain relief.

Question 15

During the assessment of a person's respiratory status, the nurse notes paradoxical lung movements. What is this finding consistent with?

Accepted Answer

Paradoxical lung movements occur in flail chest, which is a condition where multiple rib fractures cause the affected portion of the chest wall to move inwards during inspiration and outwards during expiration. This is in contrast to the normal chest wall movement, where the chest moves outwards during inspiration and inwards during expiration. Pneumothorax, lung abscess, and atelectasis are not typically associated with paradoxical lung movements.

Question 16

A person who is on isoniazid (INH)for pulmonary tuberculosis tells the nurse he doesn't like taking the medication because it makes his 'fingers burn.' What is the person experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The person is experiencing a common side effect of isoniazid (INH) called peripheral neuropathy, which can present as burning or tingling in the fingers and toes. This can be treated with vitamin B6 supplements, which are often given along with INH to prevent this side effect. It is important to address this side effect to ensure the person continues to take their medication for proper treatment of tuberculosis.

Question 17

A person tells the nurse he had the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)vaccination as a child because his mother had tuberculosis. How should this person be screened for tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Individuals who have received the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine may have a false-positive reaction to the Mantoux skin test because the vaccine contains a strain of Mycobacterium bovis, which can trigger a response in the test. Therefore, a chest x-ray is a more reliable method for screening for tuberculosis in people who have been vaccinated with BCG, as it can detect active tuberculosis disease without being affected by the prior vaccination.

Question 18

The nurse is providing care to a person with pulmonary tuberculosis. What should the nurse do to ensure personal protection while caring for this person?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should wear a gown to protect clothing from becoming contaminated and a face mask to filter the air being breathed in. Goggles are not necessary unless there is a risk of splashing or spraying of bodily fluids. Sterile gloves are not necessary for tuberculosis care, and washing hands thoroughly should be done regardless of personal protective equipment worn.

Question 19

What does bright orange urine signify in a patient taking rifampicin for treatment of tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Bright orange urine is a common side effect of rifampicin (RMP) therapy. RMP is metabolized by the liver and excreted in the bile, which then enters the intestine and is converted to a bright orange pigment that is eliminated in the urine, hence causing discoloration of the urine. It is not typically associated with urinary tract infections, renal failure, or kidney stones.

Question 20

A person who is being treated at home for pneumonia is demonstrating signs of increased confusion. What does this information indicate to the nurse? The person:

Accepted Answer

Increased confusion in a person being treated for pneumonia at home could indicate a worsening of the pneumonia, potentially leading to complications such as sepsis or respiratory failure. It is important for the person to seek medical attention immediately. Adverse effects of medication or dehydration could also contribute to confusion, but worsening pneumonia is the primary concern in this situation.

Quiz 35: Nursing Care of People With Ventilation Disorders