Question 1

Foods consumed to meet emotional needs or reduce emotional insecurities are called

Accepted Answer

Comfort foods are consumed to provide emotional comfort and happiness, often in times of stress or sadness. These foods tend to be high in sugar or fat and can be nostalgic or remind someone of happy memories. Social foods are consumed in social settings or with others, junk foods are typically unhealthy and convenience foods are chosen for their easy and quick preparation.

Question 2

Kevin wants to lose 5 pounds of fat.He finds it difficult to cut back on his eating,so he decides that he will walk an hour each day to burn more calories.How many extra calories must he expend to lose a pound of fat?

Accepted Answer

It takes a deficit of 3,500 calories to lose one pound of fat. Therefore, Kevin would need to burn an extra 17,500 calories (5 pounds x 3,500 calories per pound) to achieve his goal. If he walks for an hour each day, the number of calories he will burn depends on his weight, age, and other factors. On average, walking for an hour burns about 150-300 calories. Let's assume that Kevin burns 200 calories during his daily walk. If he walks every day for a month, he will burn an extra 6,000 calories (200 calories x 30 days) in total. To achieve his goal of losing 5 pounds, he would need to continue this routine for about three months. Alternatively, he could also adjust his diet and reduce his calorie intake to create a larger overall deficit.

Question 3

Middle-age weight gain is attributed to all of the following factors EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Middle-age weight gain is attributed to slower BMR, less physical activity, and age-related muscle loss. However, age-related appetite increase is NOT a factor that contributes to middle-age weight gain. In fact, some studies suggest that appetite may actually decrease with age.

Question 4

The concept of adaptive thermogenesis attempts to explain how

Accepted Answer

Adaptive thermogenesis refers to the process by which the body adjusts its metabolic rate in response to changes in calorie intake and environmental temperature. This process allows some individuals to consume more calories without gaining weight, explaining why thin people can eat a lot without gaining weight.

Question 5

The increasingly high rate of overweight and obesity among Americans is primarily due to

Accepted Answer

The best choice is B, lifestyle, as it is a major contributing factor to the high rate of overweight and obesity among Americans. Factors such as sedentary behavior, unhealthy food choices, and lack of physical activity all play a role in the development of overweight and obesity. While genetics and metabolism can play a small role in weight gain, they are not the primary reasons for the high rates of overweight and obesity in the United States. Increased income inequality may have an impact on access to healthy food options but is not the primary cause of obesity.

Question 6

Over the last twenty years,the Americans' calorie intake has increased.This is due in part to

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the availability of larger portion sizes has contributed to the increase in calorie intake among Americans. The trend of super-sizing meals at fast-food restaurants and the increasing size of packaged foods in grocery stores are some of the factors that have led to larger portions and subsequently higher calorie intake. While consumption of fats has also increased, it is not the sole contributor to the increase in calorie intake. The impact of genetically modified foods on calorie intake is still not clear and there is no evidence to suggest that increased consumption of organic food has led to higher calorie intake.

Question 7

A person's exercise metabolic rate (EMR)will increase if he or she

Accepted Answer

Increasing the activity level from light to moderate will increase a person's exercise metabolic rate as it requires more energy to perform moderate-intensity activities than light-intensity activities. Decreasing the time spent exercising or decreasing the activity level from moderate to light will not significantly affect the EMR since less energy will be expended. Performing light daily activities instead of structured exercise routines may not increase the EMR significantly as light activities do not require much energy to perform.

Question 8

One dangerous consequence of very-low-calorie diets is that they increase the individual's risk for a condition in which the blood levels become acidic.This is known as

Accepted Answer

Very-low-calorie diets often involve a significant reduction in carbohydrate intake, which can result in the production of ketones in the body. If the production of ketones exceeds the body's ability to process them, it can lead to a condition called ketoacidosis. This is a potentially life-threatening condition in which the blood levels become acidic, which can cause a range of symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Therefore, option B is the correct choice.

Question 9

Which of the following people would be most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate?

Accepted Answer

The 30-year-old computer programmer is most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate because, by the age of 30, metabolic rate typically begins to slow down. Additionally, a sedentary job like computer programming may exacerbate the visibility of these effects compared to the more physically active or unique metabolic conditions of the other options.

Question 10

A weight gain of 11-18 pounds doubles the risk for

Accepted Answer

A weight gain of 11-18 pounds doubles the risk for type 2 diabetes. The other options may have associations with weight gain, but the statement mentions specifically that gaining this amount of weight doubles the risk for a certain condition, and that condition is type 2 diabetes.

Question 11

Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?

Accepted Answer

Short-term diets are often successful in producing rapid weight loss, but they are not effective in promoting sustained weight loss. Long-term behavior modification is necessary for sustained weight management.

Question 12

Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying.A good choice might be

Accepted Answer

A cup of low-sodium broth is a good choice because it is low in calories, hydrating, and can help curb hunger. Energy drinks and cranberry juice are high in sugar and calories, while wine is high in calories and can also impair cognitive function.

Question 13

Problems associated with severe caloric restriction include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Severe caloric restriction can lead to blood sugar imbalances, fatigue, and dehydration. However, increased tolerance for cold is not a problem associated with caloric restriction but rather a potential adaptation to it.

Question 14

A good way to control portion sizes when you eat out is to

Accepted Answer

Splitting an entrée with a friend or taking half home can help control portion sizes and prevent overeating. Choosing a meal from a buffet or ordering both appetizer and entrée courses may actually lead to consuming larger portions. Choosing a vegetarian meal may not necessarily control portion sizes unless it is also chosen in smaller portions.

Question 15

In planning a weight management program that has the BEST chance of success you must

Accepted Answer

Establishing both short- and long-term plans is the best choice for a successful weight management program. Short-term plans allow for immediate actions and a sense of accomplishment, while long-term plans provide direction and motivation for sustained success. Eliminating all fat from the diet is not recommended as some fats are essential for good health. Thinking of weight management as a temporary phase may lead to a lack of commitment and difficulty maintaining progress. Following a formal plan such as Weight Watchers may be helpful for some individuals, but is not necessary for success.

Question 16

When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods,the body may begin to obtain fuel from

Accepted Answer

When consuming a very-low-calorie diet for a prolonged period, the body may start to break down protein in lean body tissue to obtain fuel. This is because the body needs a certain amount of calories to function and survive. When calorie intake is drastically reduced, the body turns to other sources to meet its energy needs. In this case, the body may begin to break down muscle tissue to provide energy, resulting in muscle loss.

Question 17

Sunil weighs 150 pounds and would like to lose a little weight by adding brisk walking to his normally sedentary life.About how long a walk would he have to take every day to lose about one pound per week?

Accepted Answer

To lose one pound, a person needs to burn approximately 3,500 calories. Brisk walking burns about 300-400 calories per hour for a person weighing 150 pounds. Therefore, walking for about 90 minutes daily would help Sunil burn enough calories to lose approximately one pound per week.

Question 18

The body naturally experiences an increased metabolic rate

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, the body requires additional energy to support the growth and development of the fetus, which results in an increased metabolic rate. This is why pregnant women often feel more hungry and may gain weight despite eating the same amount or less than before pregnancy. Options A, B, and D may also affect metabolic rate, but not necessarily in a consistently increased or predictable manner.

Question 19

The surge in obesity rates around the world has become known as

Accepted Answer

"Globesity" is a term that has been widely used to refer to the worldwide increase in obesity rates. It is a combination of the words "global" and "obesity." The other choices are not commonly used terms to describe this phenomenon.

Question 20

An average adult has

Accepted Answer

An average adult has approximately 25 to 35 billion fat cells. This number can vary based on several factors, including the person's body size and their fat distribution.

Quiz 14: Reaching and Maintaining a Healthy Weight