Question 1

An examination of differences across groups lies at the heart of the basic concept of ________.
A)regression analysis
B)discriminant analysis
C)conjoint analysis
D)factor analysis

Accepted Answer

Discriminant analysis is used to identify the differences between two or more groups based on one or more independent variables. Regression analysis is used to predict a dependent variable based on one or more independent variables. Conjoint analysis is used to understand how consumers make choices among different product features. Factor analysis is used to reduce a large set of variables into smaller, more manageable factors. Therefore, the best choice for an examination of differences across groups is discriminant analysis.

Question 2

The Mahalanobis procedure is based on minimalizing a generalized measure of the distance between the two closest groups.

Accepted Answer

The Mahalanobis procedure is based on maximizing, not minimizing, a generalized measure of the distance between groups to ensure that they are as distinct as possible.

Question 3

Discriminant analysis can be used to answer questions such as ________.
A)How much of the variation in sales can be explained by advertising expenditures, prices, and level of distribution?
B)In terms of demographic characteristics, how do customers who exhibit store loyalty differ from those who do not?
C)What are the distinguishing characteristics of consumers who respond to direct mail solicitations?
D)Both B and C are correct.

Accepted Answer

Discriminant analysis can be used to identify the distinguishing characteristics between groups, such as customers who exhibit store loyalty vs. those who do not or consumers who respond to direct mail solicitations. It can also be used to determine the factors that explain variation in a dependent variable, such as sales. Therefore, both options B and C are correct.

Question 4

As one of the statistics associated with discriminant analysis, the ________ (unstandardized)are the multipliers of variables when the variables are in the original units of measurement.
A)Wilks' λ
B)discriminant scores
C)discriminant function coefficients
D)eigenvalue

Accepted Answer

Discriminant function coefficients are the multipliers of variables when the variables are in the original units of measurement. They represent the importance of each variable for discriminating between groups. The other options, Wilks' λ and eigenvalue, are both statistics associated with discriminant analysis but do not provide information about the multipliers of variables in the original units of measurement. Discriminant scores are the scores on the discriminant function that are used to classify cases into groups, but they do not provide information about the relationship between the variables and the discriminant function.

Question 5

When the dependent variable is binary and there is one independent variable that is nonmetric, in addition to two-group discriminant analysis one can also use OLS regression, logit, and probit models for estimation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the dependent variable is binary and...

Question 6

The logit model falls somewhere between regression and discriminant analysis in application.

Accepted Answer

The logit model is a type of regression analysis that is commonly used for binary outcomes, such as success/failure or yes/no. However, it can also be used for multiclass classification problems, which makes it overlap with discriminant analysis in some cases. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 7

When the probability of success, P, is modeled using OLS regression, P is constrained to lie between 0 and 1.

Accepted Answer

OLS regression does not constrain the predicted values to lie between 0 and 1, which is why logistic regression is used for modeling probabilities.

Question 8

Discriminant analysis is available in EXCEL.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discriminant analysis is available in EXCEL....

Question 9

The linear combinations of independent variables developed by discriminant analysis that will best discriminate between the categories of the dependent variable are ________.
A)discriminant functions
B)discriminant scores
C)characteristic profiles
D)classification matrix

Accepted Answer

Discriminant analysis develops discriminant functions, which are linear combinations of independent variables that best discriminate between categories of the dependent variable. Discriminant scores are the values obtained by applying the discriminant function to a set of predictor variables for a particular case. Characteristic profiles refer to the patterns of mean scores on the independent variables for each category of the dependent variable. A classification matrix is a table that shows the number of cases that were correctly or incorrectly classified by a particular model.

Question 10

The nature of dependent and independent variables in the binary logit model is similar to that in ________.
A)multivariate analysis of variance
B)analysis of variance
C)regression analysis
D)discriminant analysis

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nature of dependent and independent variables...

Question 11

Which of the following statements is not an objective of discriminant analysis?
A)examination of whether significant differences exist among the groups, in terms of the criterion variables
B)determination of which predictor variables contribute to most of the intergroup differences
C)classification of cases to one of the groups based on the values of the predictor variables
D)evaluation of the accuracy of classification

Accepted Answer

Discriminant analysis primarily focuses on determining which variables discriminate between two or more naturally occurring groups, classifying cases into these groups, and evaluating the accuracy of the classification. It does not directly aim to examine if significant differences exist among the groups in terms of criterion variables; this is more the objective of variance analysis (ANOVA).

Question 12

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in which of the areas stated below (Table 18.1 in the text)?
A)number of dependent variables
B)number of independent variables
C)both A and B
D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in both the number of dependent and independent variables.

Question 13

D is the ________ in the model D = b₀+ b₁ X₁+b₂ X₂+b₃X₃+ ...+ b_kX_k. A)discriminant score B)disordinal interaction C)difference variable D)discriminant coefficients or weights

Accepted Answer

The answer of D is the ________ in the model...

Question 14

The procedure that is used to estimate the parameters of the binary logit model is called the maximum likelihood method.

Accepted Answer

The maximum likelihood method is the standard procedure used to estimate the parameters of the binary logit model.

Question 15

In discriminant analysis, the criterion or dependent variable is ________ and the predictor or independent variables are ________ in nature.
A)interval; categorical
B)ordinal; interval
C)categorical; interval
D)ordinal; categorical

Accepted Answer

Discriminant analysis involves predicting group membership based on a categorical criterion or dependent variable, and interval predictor or independent variables. Therefore, option C is the correct choice.

Question 16

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in which of the areas stated below (Table 18.1 in the text)?
A)nature of the dependent variables
B)nature of the independent variables
C)both A and B
D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and...

Question 17

As one of the statistics associated with discriminant analysis, ________ are obtained when the unstandardized coefficients are multiplied by the values of the variables and the products are summed and added to the constant term.
A)Wilks' λ
B)discriminant scores
C)discriminant function coefficients
D)eigenvalue

Accepted Answer

Discriminant scores are obtained when the unstandardized coefficients are multiplied by the values of the variables and the products are summed and added to the constant term.

Question 18

Sometimes also called confusion or prediction matrix, the ________ contains the number of correctly classified and misclassified cases.
A)classification matrix
B)total correlation matrix
C)pooled within-group correlation matrix
D)identity matrix

Accepted Answer

The classification matrix (also known as confusion or prediction matrix) contains information on correctly classified and misclassified cases, making it the best choice among the given options. The other options listed are not relevant to the concept of classification matrices.

Question 19

The results obtained from a classification matrix based on the analysis sample are invariably better than leave-one-out classification or the classification obtained on the holdout sample.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The results obtained from a classification matrix...

Question 20

The binary logit model commonly deals with the issue of how likely an observation is to belong to each group. It estimates the probability of an observation belonging to a particular group

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The binary logit model estimates the probability of an observation belonging to a particular group, which is its primary purpose.

Quiz 18: Discriminant and Logit Analysis

An examination of differences across groups lies at the heart of the basic concept of ________.

The Mahalanobis procedure is based on minimalizing a generalized measure of the distance between the two closest groups.

Discriminant analysis can be used to answer questions such as ________.

As one of the statistics associated with discriminant analysis, the ________ (unstandardized) are the multipliers of variables when the variables are in the original units of measurement.

When the dependent variable is binary and there is one independent variable that is nonmetric, in addition to two-group discriminant analysis one can also use OLS regression, logit, and probit models for estimation.

The logit model falls somewhere between regression and discriminant analysis in application.

When the probability of success, P, is modeled using OLS regression, P is constrained to lie between 0 and 1.

Discriminant analysis is available in EXCEL.

The linear combinations of independent variables developed by discriminant analysis that will best discriminate between the categories of the dependent variable are ________.

The nature of dependent and independent variables in the binary logit model is similar to that in ________.

Which of the following statements is not an objective of discriminant analysis?

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in which of the areas stated below (Table 18.1 in the text) ?

D is the ________ in the model D = b₀+ b₁ X₁+b₂ X₂+b₃X₃+ ...+ b_kX_k.

The procedure that is used to estimate the parameters of the binary logit model is called the maximum likelihood method.

In discriminant analysis, the criterion or dependent variable is and the predictor or independent variables are in nature.

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in which of the areas stated below (Table 18.1 in the text) ?

As one of the statistics associated with discriminant analysis, ________ are obtained when the unstandardized coefficients are multiplied by the values of the variables and the products are summed and added to the constant term.

Sometimes also called confusion or prediction matrix, the ________ contains the number of correctly classified and misclassified cases.

The results obtained from a classification matrix based on the analysis sample are invariably better than leave-one-out classification or the classification obtained on the holdout sample.

The binary logit model commonly deals with the issue of how likely an observation is to belong to each group. It estimates the probability of an observation belonging to a particular group

Quiz 18: Discriminant and Logit Analysis

An examination of differences across groups lies at the heart of the basic concept of ________.

The Mahalanobis procedure is based on minimalizing a generalized measure of the distance between the two closest groups.

Discriminant analysis can be used to answer questions such as ________.

As one of the statistics associated with discriminant analysis, the ________ (unstandardized) are the multipliers of variables when the variables are in the original units of measurement.

When the dependent variable is binary and there is one independent variable that is nonmetric, in addition to two-group discriminant analysis one can also use OLS regression, logit, and probit models for estimation.

The logit model falls somewhere between regression and discriminant analysis in application.

When the probability of success, P, is modeled using OLS regression, P is constrained to lie between 0 and 1.

Discriminant analysis is available in EXCEL.

The linear combinations of independent variables developed by discriminant analysis that will best discriminate between the categories of the dependent variable are ________.

The nature of dependent and independent variables in the binary logit model is similar to that in ________.

Which of the following statements is not an objective of discriminant analysis?

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in which of the areas stated below (Table 18.1 in the text) ?

D is the ________ in the model D = b0 + b1 X1 + b2 X2 + b3X3 + ...+ bkXk.

The procedure that is used to estimate the parameters of the binary logit model is called the maximum likelihood method.

In discriminant analysis, the criterion or dependent variable is ________ and the predictor or independent variables are ________ in nature.

Discriminant/logit analysis is similar to regression and ANOVA in which of the areas stated below (Table 18.1 in the text) ?

As one of the statistics associated with discriminant analysis, ________ are obtained when the unstandardized coefficients are multiplied by the values of the variables and the products are summed and added to the constant term.

Sometimes also called confusion or prediction matrix, the ________ contains the number of correctly classified and misclassified cases.

The results obtained from a classification matrix based on the analysis sample are invariably better than leave-one-out classification or the classification obtained on the holdout sample.

The binary logit model commonly deals with the issue of how likely an observation is to belong to each group. It estimates the probability of an observation belonging to a particular group

D is the ________ in the model D = b₀+ b₁ X₁+b₂ X₂+b₃X₃+ ...+ b_kX_k.

In discriminant analysis, the criterion or dependent variable is and the predictor or independent variables are in nature.