Question 1

Why is oxygen so dangerous for cells and how do cells deal with these problems?

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Question 2

If a disinfectant is added to a culture containing 1 x 10⁶ CFU per milliliter and the D-value of the disinfectant is 2 minutes, how many viable cells are left after 4 minutes of exposure?

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Question 3

Describe the studies with Salmonella that showed that in vitro conditions do not always model what happens in vivo (in this case in the phagocytic vacuole).

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Question 4

Why is moist heat more efficient at killing microbes than dry heat? How does an autoclave kill microbes so efficiently?

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Question 5

What is biocontrol? Describe two examples.

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Question 6

How is the phenol coefficient calculated? Why is phenol the standard for testing other disinfectants?

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Question 7

Why do some microorganisms produce antibiotics, and how do they avoid being harmed by the antibiotics they produce?

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Question 8

Briefly describe three techniques used to culture anaerobes in the laboratory.

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Question 9

Why is death a logarithmic function and not an instantaneous event upon treatment?

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Question 10

If you have a food sample contaminated with anthrax spores, which sterilization approach would make sure the sample is free of spores without compromising the quality of the food sample-autoclaving or irradiation?

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Quiz 5: Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth