Question 1

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringlemann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

Accepted Answer

Max Ringlemann's research found that people do not work as hard when they work as part of a group, compared to when they work alone at the same task. This phenomenon is known as social loafing.

Question 2

Given Max Ringlemann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group or a two-person group?

Accepted Answer

According to Ringlemann's research, individual effort tends to decrease as group size increases, so Student X is likely to work harder in a smaller, two-person group.

Question 3

Jane joined a sorority her freshman year of college and moved into the house her sophomore year. She had never engaged in binge eating before moving into the sorority. After the end of her sophomore year of living in the house, she is most likely to ____.

Accepted Answer

Jane is likely to engage in the level of binge eating that most of her sorority sisters do due to social influence and the desire to fit in with the group norms.

Question 4

Jonah is really worried about playing the piano at his recital in front of his girlfriend, who has expressed a desire to be at the recital. Jonah keeps thinking about her instead of concentrating on playing his music. Which of the three processes that influences social facilitation does this scenario most emphasize?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jonah is really worried about playing the...

Question 5

We should expect social loafing to be greatly reduced when ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is the tendency to put in less effort when working in a group than when working alone. It occurs when individuals feel that their individual contributions are not being evaluated. Therefore, holding people accountable for their inputs is likely to reduce social loafing because individuals are motivated to do their best to avoid being singled out for underperformance. Thus, option A is the best choice. Option B is incorrect because anonymity within the group means that individuals do not feel accountable for their contributions, which can actually increase social loafing. Option C is also incorrect because perceived task importance has not been found to be a consistent moderator of social loafing. Option D is incorrect because social loafing tends to increase when individuals perceive others in the group as superior to them, therefore they feel their contributions are not needed.

Question 6

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices). This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to benefit most?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that Office Building X makes use...

Question 7

We should expect social loafing to be greatly reduced when ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing occurs when individuals feel their personal contributions to a task are not necessary for the overall outcome. In the case where the task is important to people, they are more likely to feel that their contributions are significant, and therefore, reduce social loafing. Research has shown that when people perceive the task as important, they tend to put more effort into the task and are less likely to engage in social loafing.

Question 8

Suppose that four students are working on a group project regarding the Cultural Revolution in China. Who is most likely to engage in social loafing?

Accepted Answer

Frank, who is certain he will get an "A" regardless of his performance, is most likely to engage in social loafing. Social loafing occurs when individuals feel that their individual contribution isn't valuable, therefore they make less effort on group projects. Since Frank is so certain about his grade, he may feel that his individual effort is not necessary to achieve a good grade, and therefore may not contribute as much as the other group members.

Question 9

People tend to reduce effort when working in a group as opposed to when working alone. This phenomenon is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working in a group compared to working alone. It occurs because individuals feel that their individual contribution to the group’s outcome is insignificant, and thus their motivation to work hard decreases.

Question 10

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to ____.

Accepted Answer

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted in medical or psychological literature before 1960. It was around this time that eating disorders began to be more widely recognized and studied, leading to increased awareness and identification of conditions like binge eating disorder.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends?

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is not one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends. The three processes are evaluation apprehension, distraction, and bodily arousal.

Question 12

Suppose that you are working on a group project with several classmates, wherein you are required to put together a presentation on Impressionist art. You are least likely to engage in social loafing if ____.

Accepted Answer

The presence of social pressure, such as the knowledge that group members will rate each other, can deter social loafing as individuals are held accountable for their contributions to the group. Therefore, option C would be the best choice. Option A does not deter social loafing as everyone in the group will receive the same final grade regardless of individual effort. Option B may actually encourage social loafing as non-majors may believe that the majors will take the lead and do most of the work. Option D may not provide enough motivation for group members to exert individual effort as the presentation is only a small part of the course grade.

Question 13

The term "free rider problem" is sometimes used to refer to ____.

Accepted Answer

The free rider problem refers to the phenomenon where individuals in a group may exert less effort on a task because they expect others to do the work, resulting in a decline in overall group performance. This is known as social loafing, which is option D. Social facilitation (option A) is the tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks in the presence of others, evaluation apprehension (option B) is the concern an individual feels about being judged by others, and the bad apple effect (option C) refers to the negative impact that a single group member can have on the group as a whole.

Question 14

Suppose that you own a rowboat and sometimes go rowing in the summer. In June, you are planning to go rowing with two of your friends (three people total in the boat), and in July, you are planning to go rowing with just one friend (two people total in the boat). Will you put in more effort (row harder) on the three-person trip or on the two-person trip?

Accepted Answer

You will put in more effort on the two-person trip because there is less weight in the boat, and therefore, less resistance to the oars. With fewer people in the boat, it will be easier to row, and you will not have to put in as much effort as when there are three people in the boat.

Question 15

Binge eating is defined by ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Binge eating is defined by ____.
...

Question 16

As defined in the text, narcissists are ____.

Accepted Answer

The text defines narcissists as people who regard themselves as better than others and are constantly trying to win the admiration of others, which aligns with choice A). The other choices are not accurate definitions of narcissists according to the text.

Question 17

Of the following people, who will be most inspired to perform well simply because others are watching?

Accepted Answer

Narcissists tend to be very concerned with their public image and are motivated by admiration and attention from others. Therefore, they are more likely to perform well when they know others are watching.

Question 18

Social loafing is also known as the ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is also called the free rider problem because it refers to people who benefit from group work without contributing their fair share of effort.

Question 19

Suppose that you are working on a group project with several classmates, where you are required to put together a presentation on Islamic artists. You are most likely to engage in social loafing if ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing occurs when an individual reduces their effort when working on a group task, assuming that their individual contribution will not affect the overall success of the group. In this case, if the professor has indicated that just one grade will be given for the presentation, group members may feel that their effort will not make a significant difference in the final grade and are more likely to engage in social loafing.

Question 20

Research on college sororities has found that ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that binge eating patterns appear to be contagious among college sorority members.

Quiz 14: Groups

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringlemann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

Given Max Ringlemann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group or a two-person group?

Jane joined a sorority her freshman year of college and moved into the house her sophomore year. She had never engaged in binge eating before moving into the sorority. After the end of her sophomore year of living in the house, she is most likely to ____.

We should expect social loafing to be greatly reduced when ____.

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) . This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to benefit most?

We should expect social loafing to be greatly reduced when ____.

Suppose that four students are working on a group project regarding the Cultural Revolution in China. Who is most likely to engage in social loafing?

People tend to reduce effort when working in a group as opposed to when working alone. This phenomenon is known as ____.

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to ____.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends?

Suppose that you are working on a group project with several classmates, wherein you are required to put together a presentation on Impressionist art. You are least likely to engage in social loafing if ____.

The term "free rider problem" is sometimes used to refer to ____.

Binge eating is defined by ____.

As defined in the text, narcissists are ____.

Of the following people, who will be most inspired to perform well simply because others are watching?

Social loafing is also known as the ____.

Suppose that you are working on a group project with several classmates, where you are required to put together a presentation on Islamic artists. You are most likely to engage in social loafing if ____.

Research on college sororities has found that ____.