Question 1

A person skilled in the measurement of vision, but who cannot treat eye diseases or prescribe medication is known as an

Accepted Answer

An optometrist, abbreviated as OD, (doctor of optometry) is a professional skilled in the measurement of vision. An optometrist is not a medical doctor and cannot prescribe medications nor treat eye conditions. The word breaks down into the suffix -metrist meaning skilled in measurement, and the root/combining form opt/o- mean vision. The definition is skilled in measuring vision.

Question 2

The plural form of the word foramen is

Accepted Answer

The plural form of the word foramen is foramina. A foramen is an opening through a structure. The word foramen is derived from the Latin meaning hole. The rule for changing a singular word ending in en into a plural is to drop the en and replace it with ina.

Question 3

Read this selection: Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac, with swelling and pus at the medial corner of the eye. Which of the following statements best describes a patient with this condition?

Accepted Answer

Dacryocystitis means an inflammation of the tear sac. The word breaks down into the suffix -itis meaning inflammation, the root/combining form dacry/o- meaning tears, and the root -cyst- meaning sac. The statement that the canthus is purulent means that pus is present (purulent) in the corner of the eye, closest to the nose (canthus).

Question 4

Adjustment of the lens of the eye to read a newspaper, or follow an object from arm's length to the patient's nose is known as

Accepted Answer

Accommodation refers to the act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs; in the case of the eye, the lens adjusts itself for near and far vision. The word breaks down into the suffix -ion mean action, the prefix ac- meaning toward, and the root -commodat- meaning adjust. The definition means the action toward adjusting (the lens).

Question 5

A condition in which there is a complete or partial opacity of the lens is called a ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A condition in which there is a...

Question 6

The term used to describe a condition in which light rays hit the lens, bend again, and sharply focus the image on the retina is

Accepted Answer

Emmetropia is a normal refractive condition of the eye. The word breaks down into the prefix emmetr- meaning measure, and the root -opia meaning sight.

Question 7

The procedure LASIK is used to treat which of the following eye conditions?

Accepted Answer

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is used to treat myopia (near-sightedness), hyperopia (far-sightedness), and astigmatism (unequal curvatures of the cornea).

Question 8

A condition causing increased intraocular pressure leading to death of retinal cells and eventual blindness is known as _______________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A condition causing increased intraocular pressure leading...

Question 9

Lutea is a word element that means

Accepted Answer

Lutea is a word element meaning yellow. It is used to describe the macula lutea, a yellowish spot on the back of the retina which contains the fovea centralis. Macula means small spot.

Question 10

Sclera is derived from the Greek word meaning

Accepted Answer

The sclera is the fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white part of the eye. The word is derived from the Greek meaning hard.

Question 11

Which of the following words has a suffix meaning sight?

Accepted Answer

Presbyopia breaks down into the suffix -opia meaning sight, and the root presby- meaning old age. The word refers to difficulty in nearsighted vision which occurs in middle and old age. The lens has no blood supply or nerves, and with increasing age, the lens loses its elasticity. Focusing on near objects is difficult without reading glasses or bifocal lenses.

Question 12

The suffix -tomy means

Accepted Answer

The suffix -tomy means a surgical incision. An example is the word keratotomy. The suffix- tomy means surgical incision, and the root/combining form kerat/o- means cornea. The definition is a surgical incision in the cornea.

Question 13

Which of the following words means three-dimensional vision?

Accepted Answer

Steropsis means three-dimensional vision. The word breaks down into the suffix-opsis meaning vision, and the root stere- meaning three-dimensional.

Question 14

What is the meaning of the word ciliary?

Accepted Answer

The word ciliary means pertaining to a hair-like structure. The word breaks down into the suffix -ary meaning pertaining to, and the root cili- meaning hair-like structure. The ciliary body has a ciliary muscle that makes the lens of the eye thinner or thicker, enabling it to bend light rays and focus them on the retina. This process is called accommodation.

Question 15

A synonym for rods and cones is

Accepted Answer

Rods and cones are called photoreceptors. A photoreceptor cell receives light and converts it into electrical impulses. The word breaks down into the suffix -or meaning that which does something, the root/combining form phot/o- meaning light, and the root -recept- meaning receive. The definition is that which does something to receive light.

Question 16

Which word containing a prefix, root, and suffix refers to an inability to focus light rays uniformly on the retina?

Accepted Answer

Astigmatism is a condition in which there is an inability to focus light rays that enters the eye in different planes. Unequal curvatures of the cornea cause unequal focusing and blurred images. The word breaks down into the suffix -ism meaning action, the prefix a- meaning without, and the root -stigmat- meaning focus.

Question 17

The suffix in the word ophthalmoscopy means

Accepted Answer

The suffix in the word ophthalmoscopy is -scopy which means to examine, to view, and the root/combining form ophthalm/o- means eye. The definition is to view or examine the eye. This procedure is done with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.

Question 18

Which of the following words means pertaining to the light-sensitive, innermost layer of the eyeball?

Accepted Answer

The retina is the light sensitive innermost layer of the eyeball. It is derived from the Latin meaning net. The wordretinal is an adjective meaning pertaining to the retina.

Question 19

Which of the following words, meaning a cyst on the outer edge of an eyelid, is correctly spelled?

Accepted Answer

A chalazion is a cyst on the outer edge of an eyelid. It is a small, painless, localized, whitish swelling inside the eyelid when a tarsal gland becomes blocked. It can disappear spontaneously or may require surgical removal. The word derives from the Greek meaning lump.

Question 20

A synonym for neonatal conjunctivitis is:

Accepted Answer

A synonym for neonatal conjunctivitis is ophthalmia neonatorum. It can be caused by a blocked tear duct in the baby, by antibiotic eye drops given routinely at birth, or by sexually transmitted bacteria in an infected mother's birth canal. The word ophthalmia breaks down into the suffix -ia meaning condition, and the root ophthalm- meaning eye; neonatorum breaks down into the suffix -orum meaning function of, the prefix neo- meaning new, and the root -nat- meaning newborn.

Quiz 16: Special Senses of the Eye and Ear