Question 1

When did the deinstitutionalization movement develop?

Accepted Answer

The deinstitutionalization movement developed in the 1960s, primarily as a response to the widespread mistreatment of individuals with mental illness in psychiatric institutions. This movement aimed to shift the focus of mental health treatment from institutions to community-based care, with the goal of providing more humane and effective services.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness is true?

Accepted Answer

This statement is true according to studies on racial bias in psychiatric diagnosis and treatment. Black persons are more likely to be diagnosed with severe mental illness and prescribed more medication, while being perceived as more dangerous than White persons with the same symptoms. This highlights the need for cultural competence in psychiatric practice and an examination of racial biases in the mental health system.

Question 3

What proportion of homeless people in North America is estimated to have mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

Studies have estimated that between 25-50% of homeless individuals in North America have a mental disorder. This highlights the important intersection between homelessness and mental health issues.

Question 4

The Mental Health Global Action Programme has developed four core strategies to reduce the stigma of mental disorders and to promote the mental health of the population. The strategy of information includes

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Mental Health Global Action Programme has...

Question 5

In contemporary Canada, involuntary admissions to psychiatric institutions are governed by the principle of

Accepted Answer

Involuntary admissions to psychiatric institutions in contemporary Canada are governed by the principle of least restrictive alternative, which means that individuals should only be admitted to a psychiatric institution if it is the least restrictive option available and if there is a clear benefit to the individual's well-being. This principle is in place to protect the individual's rights and dignity, while still ensuring that they receive appropriate care and treatment.

Question 6

What consequences does the stigmatization of mental illness have?

Accepted Answer

Empirical research has found support for both positive and negative consequences of stigmatization of mental illness, including negative consequences such as closing doors of acceptance and contributing to self-stigma and positive consequences such as improving an individual's self-concept and facilitating effective treatment with a label. Therefore, the best choice is E.

Question 7

John lives in England during the 15th century. He tells people that there are voices inside his head, telling him to hurt his children. How is John likely to be treated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of John lives in England during the 15th...

Question 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes Rosenhan's research on psychiatric diagnosis and treatment ("Being sane in insane places")?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements accurately describes...

Question 9

Rosenhan's suggestion that the 'tag' of "mentally ill" determined how psychiatric staff interacted with the pseudo-patients in his study, illustrates theory.

Accepted Answer

Rosenhan's study supports the theory of labelling, which suggests that once individuals are labeled as "mentally ill," their behavior and interactions with others are heavily influenced by the label rather than their actual characteristics or actions.

Question 10

In part, because of Rosenhan's research on psychiatric diagnosis ("Being sane in insane places"),

Accepted Answer

Rosenhan's research provides a famous example of the labeling theory, which states that psychiatric diagnoses can have profound impacts on patients, even if the diagnosis is incorrect or based on subjective criteria. The study demonstrated the power of these labels in producing stigma and suggested that diagnoses are heavily influenced by social factors.

Question 11

Differentiate between the two explanations offered for the greater prevalence of mental illness among the lower classes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between the two explanations offered for...

Question 12

Apply the three components of the social typing process to the medicalization of mental illness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Apply the three components of the social...

Question 13

Describe the hydraulic relationship that Penrose (1939) proposed existed between the mental health care system and the criminal justice system, and discuss the extent to which you believe this relationship still exists in the 21st century.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the hydraulic relationship that Penrose (1939)...

Question 14

What have been the consequences of the deinstitutionalization movement?

Accepted Answer

The deinstitutionalization movement has had both positive and negative consequences. While it has benefitted many people by providing them with more freedom and individualized care, others have fallen through the cracks due to a lack of mental health beds or affordable housing, resulting in higher suicide rates, homelessness, and criminal activity among the mentally ill. Therefore, option E, which includes all of these consequences, is the best choice.

Question 15

Policies and programs embedded within the emphasize the medicalization of mental illness.

Accepted Answer

The disease paradigm emphasizes the medicalization of mental illness by viewing mental disorders as biological diseases that need to be treated with medication or other medical interventions. This paradigm supports policies and programs that focus on the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness through a medical lens, often using methods such as medication and psychotherapy. This approach can be helpful in treating mental illness but has been criticized for focusing too much on symptom reduction and neglecting the social and cultural contexts in which mental illness is experienced.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of resistance to the stigmatization of mental illness?

Accepted Answer

The World Psychiatric Association's "Open the Doors" program actively works to reduce stigma against mental illness by promoting education and awareness. The other choices do not directly address the issue of stigma reduction.

Question 17

Policies and programs embedded within the attempt to reduce the extent to which people with mental disorders are treated as outsiders in society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Policies and programs embedded within the attempt...

Question 18

In Rosenhan's follow-up study on psychiatric diagnosis ("Being sane in insane places"), he told the administrators of a prestigious teaching hospital that within the next three months at least one "pseudo-patient" would attempt to be admitted as a psychiatric patient. During that period of time, hospital staff estimated that out of 191 psychiatric admissions, patients were likely "pseudo-patients"; Rosenhan had actually sent in "pseudo-patients".

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for the number of actual pseudo-patients (not identified as such) and the number of patients identified as pseudo-patients by the hospital staff. The passage states that Rosenhan sent in pseudo-patients, but it does not give a specific number. However, the hospital staff believed that 41 patients were attempting to fake psychiatric symptoms, indicating that they misidentified many actual patients as pseudo-patients. Therefore, the number of actual pseudo-patients is not given, but the number identified by hospital staff is 41. The correct answer is B.

Question 19

How is mental illness portrayed in the media?

Accepted Answer

The media tends to portray characters with mental disorders as violent or evil, perpetuating harmful stereotypes and stigmatizing individuals with mental illness.

Answer: B 
 While characters with mental illness may occasionally be depicted as victims of violence, the media more commonly portrays them as passive and lacking in agency, perpetuating the idea that mental illness equals weakness or laziness.

Answer: D 
 Characters with mental illness are often portrayed as incompetent or incapable of functioning effectively in the workplace, reinforcing negative stereotypes and potentially harming the job prospects of individuals with mental illness in real life.

Answer: None of the choices 
 Characters with mental illness are very rarely portrayed as sexually provocative in the media, as this would likely be seen as highly inappropriate and offensive.

Question 20

For what has the DSM been criticized?

Accepted Answer

The DSM has faced criticism for the inclusion of certain disorders, methodological shortcomings in its creation, the role of power in deciding what is included, and the fact that the inclusion/elimination of particular disorders sometimes comes down to a "majority rules" vote.

Quiz 7: Mental Disorders