Question 1

Which of the following is an example of the psychological component of the bio-psycho-social model of illness

Accepted Answer

The psychological component refers to the role of individual thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in the development and management of illness. Irrational thought patterns are an example of how psychological factors can contribute to depression. Option B is an example of a biological component, option C is an example of a social component, and option D is an example of a social determinant of health.

Question 2

The frequency with which a disorder occurs in a population is termed its __________.

Accepted Answer

Prevalence is the term used to describe the frequency with which a disorder occurs in a population. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disorder that occur within a specific time period, while concordance refers to the degree to which a trait or disorder is shared by identical twins or other pairs of relatives. Occurrence rate is not a commonly used term in describing the frequency of a disorder in a population.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of the biological component of the bio-psycho-social model of illness

Accepted Answer

Excesses of the neurotransmitter dopamine is a biological component of the bio-psycho-social model of illness. The model acknowledges that biological, psychological, and social factors can all influence physical and mental health. Option A is a psychological component, option C is a social component, and option D is a social component.

Question 4

Approximately 1 in every ______ Americans are affected by a psychological disorder during any one year.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately 1 in every ______ Americans are...

Question 5

A disgrace or defect that indicates that a person belongs to a culturally-devalued group is known as a

Accepted Answer

A stigma is a negative attribute or characteristic that is used to label and devalue individuals or groups who are seen as different from the norm. It is often based on stereotypes and cultural biases, and can lead to discrimination and prejudice. Stigma can take many forms, including appearance, behavior, or social status. Examples of stigmas include mental illness, AIDS, obesity, and poverty.

Question 6

The content of the DSM:

Accepted Answer

The content of the DSM changes from edition to edition, is influenced by social trends, and may reflect Western cultural biases. DSM revisions reflect changes in understanding of certain disorders and their diagnostic criteria, as well as shifts in societal views and cultural norms. However, the DSM is also criticized for being too heavily influenced by Western cultural values and may not adequately consider cultural factors in diagnosis and treatment.

Question 7

Which DSM-IV-TR category of clinical disorders is CORRECTLY paired with an example

Accepted Answer

Dissociative disorders involve disruptions or discontinuity in normal functioning of consciousness, memory, identity or perception. Fugue is a type of dissociative disorder where people temporarily lose their sense of personal identity and wander away from home without later remembering the trip or why they left.

Note: The other options are incorrect pairings - anxiety disorders do not include bipolar disorder (which is a mood disorder), somatoform disorders do not include obsessive-compulsive disorder (which is classified as an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder), and mood disorders do not include conversion disorder (which is classified as a dissociative disorder).

Question 8

Which of the following pieces of evidence support the inclusion of a social component in a model of illness

Accepted Answer

All three pieces of evidence indicate that social factors (e.g. economic status, race) are related to the development, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders. This supports the idea that a social component should be included in a model of illness.

Question 9

Substance abuse disorder occurs more frequently among individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder than among persons who are not diagnosed with bipolar disorder.Substance abuse disorder and bipolar disorder are therefore _________.

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more disorders in the same individual. In this case, substance abuse disorder and bipolar disorder frequently co-occur, indicating comorbidity. Therefore, the best choice is D. Correlation (A) refers to a relationship between two variables, but does not necessarily imply the presence of a comorbid condition. Concordance (B) refers to the presence of two disorders with similar outcomes, but does not necessarily imply the presence of a comorbid condition. Coincidence (C) refers to the chance occurrence of two events and does not imply any relationship between them.

Question 10

According to your text,normal and abnormal behavior are best viewed as:

Accepted Answer

Normal and abnormal behavior are not discrete categories, as there is often overlap between what is considered normal and abnormal. They are not orthogonal dimensions, as there is usually some correlation between the two (e.g. someone with high levels of anxiety may exhibit abnormal behavior). Instead, normal and abnormal behavior are best viewed as existing on a continuum, where different individuals fall along different points on the spectrum.

Question 11

When using the DSM-IV-TR's system of axes,

Accepted Answer

The DSM-IV-TR's system of axes involves gathering multiple types of information on a patient, including clinical syndromes, personality disorders and intellectual functioning, medical conditions, psychosocial and environmental factors, and global assessment of functioning.

Question 12

Which alternative correctly pairs a component of the bio-psycho-social model of illness with an example

Accepted Answer

The correct pairing of a component of the bio-psycho-social model of illness with an example is biological - excesses of the neurotransmitter dopamine may be implicated in schizophrenia. The other options are not correctly paired as social relates to environmental and cultural factors, while psychological relates to thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

Question 13

Which of the following terms best captures the meaning of the term abnormal

Accepted Answer

All of these terms capture some aspect of the meaning of abnormal. "Distressing" refers to the individual experiencing significant emotional or psychological discomfort or pain. "Dysfunctional" refers to the individual experiencing significant impairment in their ability to perform everyday tasks or maintain healthy relationships. "Deviant" refers to behavior that deviates from societal norms or expectations. Together, these terms provide a comprehensive understanding of what is considered abnormal.

Question 14

What do ADHD and autism have in common

Accepted Answer

Both disorders have seen an increase in diagnosis in recent years, with ADHD being diagnosed more frequently in children and autism being diagnosed more often in both children and adults.

Question 15

Which DSM-IV-TR axis is correctly described

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which DSM-IV-TR axis is correctly described
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Question 16

Which therapist is correctly matched with the component of the bio-psycho-social model that seems to inform her practice

Accepted Answer

Each therapist's approach aligns with a component of the bio-psycho-social model: Dr. Coates with the biological aspect through medication, Dr. Pugliese with the psychological through behavior modification, and Dr. Donnelly also with the psychological through cognitive restructuring.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of the social component of the bio-psycho-social model of illness

Accepted Answer

The bio-psycho-social model of illness includes social factors such as cultural, economic, and societal influences on health. Schizophrenia being more common in low SES (socioeconomic status) communities is an example of the social component. Choices A and B are examples of the psychological and biological components respectively. Choice D is an example of the psychological component but not specifically related to social factors.

Question 18

Which of the following defines prevalence

Accepted Answer

Prevalence is defined as the frequency with which a disorder occurs in a population, meaning how many people in a given population have the disorder at a specific point in time.

Question 19

With respect to the DSM-IV-TR,Axis I is to Axis _____ as clinical disorders are to __________.

Accepted Answer

Axis I of the DSM-IV-TR is designated for clinical disorders, while Axis II is for personality disorders and mental retardation, and Axis III is for physical conditions that can affect mental health. Therefore, both A and C are correct.

Question 20

The purpose of the DSM-IV-TR is to provide:

Accepted Answer

The DSM-IV-TR is primarily focused on providing descriptions of the symptoms associated with categories of disorders in order to help clinicians accurately diagnose and treat patients. While it may offer some guidance on treatment, it does not provide detailed recommendations or explanations of the causes of disorders.

Quiz 12: Personality