Question 1

What happened when Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)informed teachers that some of their students were about to "blossom forth intellectually" in the current school year?

Accepted Answer

The Rosenthal and Jacobson study found that the "chosen" students showed significant gains in intelligence test scores. This phenomenon is known as the "Pygmalion effect" or "teacher expectations effect," where teacher expectations (even if unconsciously communicated) can influence student achievement.

Question 2

Bullies

Accepted Answer

Bullies are more likely to assume others are out to harm them when they're not.

Question 3

Which of the following may place a child at risk for academic failure in school?

Accepted Answer

All of these factors can contribute to a child being at risk for academic failure in school. Poor healthcare can lead to chronic illnesses or frequent absences, which can cause a child to fall behind in their studies. Poor nutrition can affect a child's cognitive abilities and overall health, which can also impact their academic performance. Lack of support from parents can manifest in a variety of ways, such as not being involved in their child's education or not providing a stable home environment conducive to learning. Therefore, all of these factors can increase a child's risk for academic failure in school.

Question 4

Student achievement is linked to expectations of the teacher as well as

Accepted Answer

The emotional climate of the classroom plays a significant role in student achievement, as it impacts student motivation and engagement. Expectations of the teacher also play a key role, but the other options (B, C, and D) do not have a significant impact on student achievement.

Question 5

Overall,it is estimated that approximately _____ of children have been exposed to extreme bullying and at least _____ students overall have been bullied.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, approximately 10% of students have been bullied, including 17% of students in grades 6-12. Additionally, an estimated 70% of children have witnessed bullying at some point in their lives.

Question 6

Research examining the incidence of sexism in the classroom indicates that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that teachers were generally unaware they were treating girls and boys differently until they saw themselves on video. Studies have also found that teachers may call on boys more frequently, give more active teaching attention to girls in subjects like math and science to encourage female interest, and accept calling out in class by girls more than by boys. However, there is no evidence to support the stereotype that girls talk more in school than do boys.

Question 7

Depression in childhood

Accepted Answer

Depression in childhood may not always be easily recognizable as it can manifest in various ways, including through behaviors such as conduct disorder and physical complaints. It is not always mild and short-lived, and can have long-lasting effects if left untreated. Socioeconomic status may be a factor, but it is not always the sole cause of depression in childhood.

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding bullying?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals who engage in bullying behavior are more likely to be diagnosed with conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, ADHD and/or depression.

Question 9

Effective schools have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Effective schools have teachers with high expectations of children's abilities, not low expectations. Students excel when they are being pushed to reach their full potential, not when their teachers underestimate their capabilities.

Question 10

What does the relationship appear to be between bullying and suicide?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that at least half of suicides among children and adolescents are related to bullying, either as the direct cause or as a contributing factor. Bullying can cause significant damage to a person's mental health and well-being, leading to depression, anxiety, and other disorders that can increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Question 11

Cognitive behavioral approaches to treating conduct disorder

Accepted Answer

All of these options are important components of cognitive behavioral approaches to treating conduct disorder. Teaching children to ask others to stop annoying behavior rather than hitting them helps them learn non-violent conflict resolution skills. Teaching better social skills can help children learn how to interact with others in a more positive way. Teaching children to "stop and think" helps them develop impulse control, which can reduce impulsive and aggressive behavior.

Question 12

Which of the following has been found to be important in increasing achievement in mathematics and reading in the early primary grades?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that smaller class sizes result in increased individualized attention from teachers and improved academic achievement, particularly in the early primary grades. However, school size, ratio of boy to girl students, and number of computers in the school have not been found to have a significant impact on achievement in mathematics and reading.

Question 13

Treatment for conduct disorder

Accepted Answer

Treatment for conduct disorder tends to be more successful when it includes parent training and rewards good behavior. Research has shown that behavioral interventions focused on improving parenting and family communication are effective in reducing conduct problems in children with conduct disorder. The use of medications may sometimes be necessary in conjunction with behavioral interventions, but they are not always required. While there may be some differences in the effectiveness of treatments for boys versus girls, there is not enough evidence to support the claim that treatment is consistently ineffective for girls.

Question 14

Trevor is 10 years old.In the past year,he has skipped school,been in fights,and set fire to his room.Trevor blames other people for his problems.These behaviors are characteristic of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The behaviors described are consistent with conduct disorder, which is characterized by a pattern of violating others' rights and an inability to adhere to societal norms and rules. ADHD is marked by symptoms such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention, but skipping school and setting fires are not specific symptoms of the disorder. Childhood depression typically involves symptoms such as sadness, hopelessness, and low energy, and is not directly related to the behaviors Trevor has exhibited. Early-onset schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking, and is not necessarily associated with conduct problems in childhood.

Question 15

According to Chira (1991),50% of kindergarten teachers felt that children entering school were less prepared than before,and that in particular,they lacked the ___________needed to succeed.

Accepted Answer

Language skills are essential for children to succeed in school. They need to be able to understand and communicate with their teachers and classmates, and to read and write.

Question 16

Student Z is the target of unwelcome verbal and physical conduct from classmates and finds little about herself/himself in textbooks except for stereotypes.What can we assume about student Z?

Accepted Answer

The fact that Student Z is the target of unwelcome verbal and physical conduct from classmates may suggest that they are experiencing bullying. Research shows that girls are more likely to experience bullying than boys, making option A the best choice. There is no evidence to suggest that Student Z is economically disadvantaged or has conduct disorder. The statement about finding little about themselves in textbooks except for stereotypes does not provide enough information to make assumptions about compensating behavior.

Question 17

Ms.Wythe,a fourth-grade teacher,asks her students lots of questions and provides plenty of practice with learning tasks.What might you guess about the performance of her students?

Accepted Answer

Ms. Wythe's questioning approach and providing ample practice opportunities suggests that she is an engaging and active teacher who is likely to foster a positive learning environment. Her students are likely to learn more because they are consistently engaged and exposed to a variety of learning opportunities.

Question 18

To be diagnosed with conduct disorder,the behavior must

Accepted Answer

In order to be diagnosed with conduct disorder, the behavior pattern must have persisted for at least six months. The behavior does not have to cause physical harm to a living being, it is not gender-specific, and it can be diagnosed after the age of 5.

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE of conduct disorder?

Accepted Answer

Conduct disorder is associated with all three factors listed: a lack of sympathetic arousal, a genetic component, and family factors such as harsh discipline and poor monitoring.

Question 20

Which is the area of greatest difficulty when children transition into kindergarten?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is the area of greatest difficulty...

Quiz 13: Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

What happened when Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) informed teachers that some of their students were about to "blossom forth intellectually" in the current school year?