Question 1

Identify the symptom that is not from radiation exposure.

Accepted Answer

Increased white cell count is not a common symptom of radiation exposure. It is more likely to occur as a response to infection or inflammation. The other symptoms listed are all associated with radiation exposure.

Question 2

Match the following.
-electron

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following.
-electron
...

Question 3

Match the following.
-neutron

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following.
-neutron
...

Question 4

Describe what is meant by the "valley of stability."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what is meant by the "valley...

Question 5

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Accepted Answer

The nuclear equation for the neutron induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100 is:

U-235 + n -> Xe-134 + Sr-100 + 2n

In this reaction, one neutron is absorbed by U-235 to form an unstable compound nucleus, which then undergoes fission into two smaller nuclei (Xe-134 and Sr-100) and releases two or three neutrons. In this case, two neutrons are produced, which is indicated by the "+2n" on the right-hand side of the equation. Therefore, the best choice is E, which indicates that two neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Question 6

Why is an alpha emitter much more harmful if ingested?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is an alpha emitter much more...

Question 7

Match the following.
-positron

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following.
-positron
...

Question 8

Identify the element that is not used as a radioactive tracer.

Accepted Answer

Carbon-13 is not used as a radioactive tracer because it is a stable isotope and does not undergo radioactive decay. The other options (iron-59, phosphorus-32, thallium-201, and iodine-131) are all radioactive isotopes commonly used as tracers in various applications.

Question 9

Match the following.
-proton

Accepted Answer

A proton has a positive charge and its symbol is "p", which matches with option B.

Answer: C
 
A neutron is a neutral particle and its symbol is "n", which matches with option C.

Answer: E
 
Helium is a gas and its symbol is "He", which matches with option E.

Question 10

Explain how radiation increases cancer risk.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how radiation increases cancer risk....

Question 11

The following reaction represents what nuclear process? 
H +H →He +N

Accepted Answer

This reaction represents nuclear fusion, where two hydrogen atoms combine to form a helium atom.

Question 12

Determine the binding energy of an O-16 nucleus.The O-16 nucleus has a mass of 15.9905 amu.A proton has a mass of 1.00728 amu,a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 amu,and 1 amu is equivalent to 931 MeV of energy.

Accepted Answer

The binding energy of a nucleus can be calculated using the formula: $$BE = \left( Zm_p + Nm_n - M \right) \times 931 \, \text{MeV}$$ where $Z$ is the number of protons, $N$ is the number of neutrons, $m_p$ is the mass of a proton, $m_n$ is the mass of a neutron, $M$ is the mass of the nucleus, and 931 MeV is the energy equivalent of 1 amu. For an O-16 nucleus, $Z = 8$ (since it's oxygen), $N = 8$ (since it's O-16, meaning 16 total nucleons minus 8 protons gives 8 neutrons), $m_p = 1.00728 \, \text{amu}$, $m_n = 1.008665 \, \text{amu}$, and $M = 15.9905 \, \text{amu}$. Plugging these values into the formula gives: $$BE = \left( 8 \times 1.00728 + 8 \times 1.008665 - 15.9905 \right) \times 931 = 128 \, \text{MeV}$$

Question 13

What is the "mass defect"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the "mass defect"?...

Question 14

Explain the concept of "magic numbers."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the concept of "magic numbers."...

Question 15

Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if the mass of an Fe-56 nucleus is 55.921 amu.The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if...

Question 16

Match the following.
-gamma ray

Accepted Answer

A gamma ray is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a very high frequency and energy. The ID in choice A contains the letter gamma, which is associated with gamma rays.

Answer: B
 A proton is a subatomic particle with a positive charge. The ID in choice B contains the letter p, which is commonly used to represent a proton.

Answer: C
 A neutron is a subatomic particle with no charge. The ID in choice C contains the letter n, which is commonly used to represent a neutron.

Answer: E
 Helium is an element with two protons in its nucleus. The ID in choice E contains "He", which is the chemical symbol for helium.

Note: Choices D and F both contain the letter "e," which could refer to electrons, but this is not definitive. Additionally, each of these IDs contains multiple "TB6106_11" segments, which are likely not relevant to identifying the particle or radiation type.

Question 17

Identify the energy source of the stars.

Accepted Answer

Stars derive their energy from nuclear fusion, which occurs in their cores where hydrogen atoms are combined to form helium through a series of nuclear reactions. This process releases a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat, which is what enables stars to shine.

Question 18

Match the following.
-beta particle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following.
-beta particle
...

Question 19

Match the following.
-alpha particle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following.
-alpha particle
...

Question 20

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of  Pu to form
 Kr and  Ce.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write a nuclear equation to describe the...

Quiz 19: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry

Identify the symptom that is not from radiation exposure.

Match the following. -electron

Match the following. -neutron

Describe what is meant by the "valley of stability."

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Why is an alpha emitter much more harmful if ingested?

Match the following. -positron

Identify the element that is not used as a radioactive tracer.

Match the following. -proton

Explain how radiation increases cancer risk.

The following reaction represents what nuclear process? H +H →He +N

Determine the binding energy of an O-16 nucleus.The O-16 nucleus has a mass of 15.9905 amu.A proton has a mass of 1.00728 amu,a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 amu,and 1 amu is equivalent to 931 MeV of energy.

What is the "mass defect"?

Explain the concept of "magic numbers."

Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if the mass of an Fe-56 nucleus is 55.921 amu.The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Match the following. -gamma ray

Identify the energy source of the stars.

Match the following. -beta particle

Match the following. -alpha particle

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of Pu to form Kr and Ce.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.