Question 1

Ability is the most important factor in the MARS model to explain why people quit their jobs.

Accepted Answer

The MARS model indicates that a combination of four factors - Motivation, Ability, Role perceptions, and Situational factors - determines employee behavior and outcomes. While ability is certainly a crucial factor in job performance and satisfaction, research suggests that motivation and role perceptions often have a greater influence on turnover decisions. Other factors like job satisfaction, organizational culture, and work-life balance can also play a significant role in why people quit their jobs.

Question 2

Intensity refers to the fact that motivation is goal-directed, not random.

Accepted Answer

Intensity refers to how hard a person tries, but it does not specify whether the effort is goal-directed or random. Motivation being goal-directed is a separate aspect.

Question 3

Conscientiousness refers to the extent that people are sensitive, flexible, creative, and curious.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is actually a personality trait that refers to the extent that people are responsible, organized, dependable, and goal-oriented. The characteristics listed in the statement are more indicative of openness, another major personality trait.

Question 4

The MARS model identifies the four main factors that influence individual behavior: motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors.

Accepted Answer

The MARS model stands for Motivation, Ability, Role perceptions, and Situational factors, which are the four main factors that influence individual behavior.

Question 5

Agreeableness, extroversion, and conscientiousness are three of the 'Big Five' personality dimensions.

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness, extroversion, and conscientiousness are indeed three of the 'Big Five' personality dimensions. The other two are neuroticism and openness.

Question 6

The 'Big Five' personality dimensions represent five clusters that represent most personality traits.

Accepted Answer

The 'Big Five' personality dimensions, also known as the Five-Factor Model, represent five clusters that represent most personality traits. These dimensions are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Question 7

According to the MARS model of individual behavior and performance, employee performance will remain high even if one of the four factors significantly weakens.

Accepted Answer

According to the MARS model, all four factors (motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors) need to be present and strong in order for employee performance to be high. If any one of these factors significantly weakens, it can negatively impact performance. Therefore, performance cannot remain high if one of the four factors significantly weakens.

Question 8

Learned capabilities refer to the skills and knowledge that you have actually acquired.

Accepted Answer

Learned capabilities are abilities that you have developed through learning or experience. They represent the skills and knowledge that you have actually acquired.

Question 9

Companies can improve employee role perceptions by describing the employee's assigned tasks clearly and providing meaningful performance feedback.

Accepted Answer

Clearly describing assigned tasks and providing performance feedback can help employees understand their role responsibilities and contribute to their overall job satisfaction.

Question 10

Personality traits are more evident in situations where social norms and reward systems constrain behavior.

Accepted Answer

Personality traits are more evident in situations where social norms and reward systems are weak or absent, allowing individuals' personal preferences and tendencies to guide their behavior.

Question 11

Personality is a relatively stable pattern of behaviors and internal states that explains a person's behavioral tendencies.

Accepted Answer

Personality is indeed a relatively stable pattern of behaviors and internal states that explain a person's behavioral tendencies over time and across different situations.

Question 12

Motivation is an external force on the person that causes him or her to engage in specific behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Motivation is an internal state that drives behavior, not an external force.

Question 13

People with a high score on the neuroticism personality dimension tend to be more relaxed, secure and calm.

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect. People with a high score on the neuroticism personality dimension tend to experience more negative emotions such as anxiety, worry and mood swings, and are generally more reactive to stressors.

Question 14

Competencies refer to the complete set of motivations, abilities, role perceptions and situational factors that contribute to job performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Competencies refer to the complete set of...

Question 15

Situational factors are working conditions within the employee's control.

Accepted Answer

Situational factors are conditions in the work environment that are outside of the employee's control. Examples include company policies, management decisions, workload, and resources.

Question 16

One person-job matching strategy is to select applicants whose existing competencies best fit the required task.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Selecting applicants whose existing competencies match the required task can help ensure that they will be successful in the job and able to perform the necessary duties effectively.

Question 17

Competencies refer to goal-directed behaviors under the individual's control that support organizational objectives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Competencies refer to goal-directed behaviors under the...

Question 18

The forces within a person affect the employee's motivation.

Accepted Answer

The forces within a person, such as their personal values, beliefs, and goals, can significantly impact their level of motivation in the workplace.

Question 19

Research has found that absenteeism is rarely, if ever, caused by situational factors.

Accepted Answer

Research has actually found that absenteeism can be caused by situational factors such as illness, family emergencies, inclement weather, or transportation issues.

Question 20

Aptitudes are natural talents that help individuals to learn specific tasks more quickly and perform them better than other people.

Accepted Answer

Aptitudes are innate abilities that are present in individuals and can help them excel in specific areas.

Quiz 2: Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values