Question 1

The finding that partners in a relationship who are dissimilar in personality are more likely to break up supports the

Accepted Answer

The violation of desire theory suggests that relationships are more likely to end when partners do not fulfill each other's desires, which can occur when there are significant personality differences.

Question 2

Evocation is NOT demonstrated in which of the following situations?

Accepted Answer

Evocation involves eliciting a response or feeling from another person through one's actions or behavior. Nagging someone does not necessarily evoke a desired response, but rather tends to annoy or frustrate them. Therefore, evocation is not demonstrated when a wife nags her husband to get something accomplished.

Question 3

Individuals scoring high on sensation-seeking scales prefer NOT to select situations that

Accepted Answer

Sensation seekers crave novel and exciting experiences, so they tend to avoid situations that are repetitive or dull. Options A and D may be appealing to high sensation seekers as they involve risk taking and excitement, while option B may be more specific to individuals interested in research on taboo topics.

Question 4

In terms of personality, the best predictor of divorce is

Accepted Answer

Low levels of emotional stability, also known as neuroticism, is the best predictor of divorce. People who score low in emotional stability tend to experience negative emotions more frequently and intensely, have difficulty managing stress, and may be prone to mood swings and anxiety. These traits can lead to conflict and communication problems within a marriage, ultimately increasing the likelihood of divorce.

Question 5

According to the "violation of desire" theory, people are most likely to break up with mates

Accepted Answer

The "violation of desire" theory suggests that breakups are more likely when a partner lacks key desirable traits, such as dependability, emotional stability, or a pleasing disposition, which are widely sought in a mate.

Question 6

Buss, Block, and Block found that highly active children elicited behaviors to bring them under control by their parents and teachers.This finding is an example of the mechanism of person-environment mechanism of

Accepted Answer

The mechanism of evocation refers to the ways in which an individual's characteristics elicit responses or reactions from the environment around them. In this case, the highly active children are eliciting behaviors from their parents and teachers to control their behavior, which is an example of evocation.

Question 7

Husband who score low on _____ tend to evoke anger from their wives by being condescending, failing to spend time with them, neglecting them, and ignoring their feelings.

Accepted Answer

Low agreeableness in husbands can lead to behaviors that evoke anger in their wives, such as being condescending and neglectful, as agreeableness is associated with being cooperative and considerate.

Question 8

Individuals who are highly agreeable tend to evoke _____ than individuals with lower agreeableness scores.

Accepted Answer

Individuals who are highly agreeable tend to be cooperative, empathetic, and compassionate, which make them less likely to initiate or engage in interpersonal conflict. Therefore, they evoke far less conflict than individuals with lower agreeableness scores.

Question 9

Women who are married to men who score high on openness rate their

Accepted Answer

The answer of Women who are married to men who...

Question 10

The tendency to feel tense, anxious, or worried during social interactions, or even when anticipating a social interaction, is known as

Accepted Answer

The tendency to feel tense, anxious, or worried during social interactions or anticipating a social interaction is a common symptom of shyness, also known as social anxiety. Option A, openness, refers to a personality trait characterized by imagination, creativity, and a willingness to try new experiences. Option B, emotional stability, refers to a personality trait characterized by calmness, composure, and resilience in the face of stress. Option C, expectation confirmation, refers to the tendency to seek out information that confirms our pre-existing beliefs or attitudes.

Question 11

The finding that aggressive people interpret ambiguous situations as hostile demonstrates the

Accepted Answer

The statement represents the concept of "hostile attribution bias," where individuals with aggressive tendencies perceive neutral or ambiguous situations as threatening or hostile. This cognitive bias leads to aggressive behavior as individuals act on their perceived threat.

Question 12

In terms of health issues, shy women _____ when compared to non-shy women.

Accepted Answer

Shy women may be less likely to see a gynecologist due to anxiety or discomfort in discussing personal health issues.

Question 13

Shy people engage in all of the following behaviors more than less shy people EXCEPT they

Accepted Answer

The statement "are more likely to get divorced" is not accurate as there is no direct correlation between shyness and divorce rates. The other options are all behaviors that shy people are more likely to engage in.

Question 14

Husbands who score low on conscientiousness tend to evoke anger from their wives by

Accepted Answer

The answer of Husbands who score low on conscientiousness tend...

Question 15

Aggressive people tend to evoke _____ from others.

Accepted Answer

Aggressive behavior often triggers a defensive response in others, leading to feelings of hostility or anger towards the aggressive person. It is less likely to lead to submission, understanding, or praise.

Question 16

Low levels of which of the following personality traits are NOT correlated with a higher likelihood of a divorce or breakup in a relationship?

Accepted Answer

Low levels of openness are not correlated with a higher likelihood of divorce or breakup in a relationship, according to research.

Question 17

People who are married to someone who has high trait ratings for agreeableness report higher levels of marital satisfaction

Accepted Answer

The statement implies that high levels of agreeableness in a spouse are associated with higher levels of marital satisfaction regardless of their spouse's other personality traits. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 18

As they walk down the hallway, Bob accidentally bumps into Chuck, a well-known neighborhood bully.Chuck immediately becomes aggressive, demanding that Bob tell him what he meant to do when he bumped into him.Chuck's behavior demonstrates the _____ attributional bias.

Accepted Answer

Chuck's behavior is aggressive and confrontational, indicating a hostile attributional bias. This means he is quick to interpret others' behaviors as intentional and threatening, even when there may be no ill intent.

Question 19

People who score _____ tend to evoke the most anger from their spouses.

Accepted Answer

People who score low on agreeableness tend to be less flexible, less empathetic, and less considerate of their partner's needs and feelings. This can lead to conflicts and arguments, which in turn can trigger anger in their spouses.  On the other hand, people who score high on agreeableness tend to be more cooperative, compassionate, and understanding, which can help prevent conflicts and promote harmony in relationships.

Question 20

The following are all examples of how personality traits guide the selection of situations EXCEPT individuals scoring high on

Accepted Answer

Individuals scoring high on sensation-seeking scales are more likely to seek out risky situations, not avoid them.

Quiz 15: Personality and Social Interaction